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Topic: Chloracne

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	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Chloracne
		Chloracne is an acne-like eruption of flheads, cysts, and pustules associated with over-exposure to certain halogenic aromatic hydrocarbons, such as chlorinated dioxins and dibenzofurans.
		Chloracne is a chronic inflammatory condition that results from this persistence, in combination with the toxin's chemical properties.
		Chloracne is very often seen in combination with hyperhidrosis (clammy, sweaty skin) and porphyria cutanea tarda (a skin condition of increased pigmentation, hair coarsening and blistering).
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Chloracne (630 words)

	Chloracne Dermatology
		Chloracne is an acne-like eruption of flheads, cysts, and pustulesassociated with over-exposure to certain halogenicaromatic hydrocarbons, such as chlorinateddioxinsand dibenzofurans.
		Chloracne is particularly linked to toxic exposure to dioxins(byproducts of many chemical processes, including the manufacture of herbicidessuch as Agent Orange) — so much so that it is considered a clinical sign of dioxin exposure.
		Chloracne is very often seen in combination with hyperhidrosis(clammy, sweaty skin) and porphyria cutanea tarda(a skin condition of increased pigmentation, hair coarsening and blistering).
	www.lumrix.com /medical/dermatology/chloracne.html (617 words)

	Chloracne - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Chloracne is particularly linked to toxic exposure to dioxins (byproducts of many chemical processes, including the manufacture of herbicides such as Agent Orange) — so much so that it is considered a clinical sign of dioxin exposure.
		The severity and onset of chloracne may follow a typical asymptotic dose response curve.
		His diagnosis of chloracne was put forth by prominent toxicologist John Henry.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Chloracne (644 words)

	Chloracne
		Chloracne is an acne-like eruption of comedones, cysts, and postules that usually involve the malar area of the face.
		While chloracne may be a sensitive indicator of exposure to dioxins in some people, it may not be in other individuals who had equal or greater exposure to dioxins.
		Chloracne: Chloracne, a chemically induced skin condition, is the only completely established effect on human beings of the chemicals known as dioxins.
	cybersarges.tripod.com /Chloracne.html (1196 words)

	What is Chloracne?
		Chloracne is a rare skin condition caused by over-exposure to certain toxic chemicals.
		Chloracne is most commonly associated with exposure to dioxins, or byproducts from certain chemical processes such as the manufacture of herbicides.
		Once chloracne has been identified in a patient, the immediate course of action is to remove the individual from the source of exposure.
	www.wisegeek.com /what-is-chloracne.htm (406 words)

	Agent Orange
		Chloracne symptoms include skin eruptions on the face, neck, and back, shortness of breath, intolerance to cold, palpable and tender liver, a loss of sensation in the extremities, damage to peripheral nerves, fatigue, nervousness, irritability, insomnia, loss of libido and vertigo.
		Chloracne was also found in 1953 among the male workers and many of their wives, children and pets at a BASF (Badischer Anilin and Soda Fabrik)-owned 2-4-5-T plant at Ludwigshaften am Rhein in Germany.
		Fifty workers developed Chloracne and suffered internal damage and serious psychological disturbances as a result, and the factory was closed.
	www.vvnw.org /Educational_Material/agent_orange.htm (4950 words)

	Agent Orange and Chloracne
		Chloracne is a skin condition that looks like common forms of acne that affect teenagers.
		VA had recognized chloracne as service connected for Vietnam veterans based on exposure to Agent Orange for many years prior to the enactment of this legislation.
		Chloracne is associated with exposure to chemicals used in Vietnam, but it would appear shortly, not after a long period of time.
	www.rattler-firebird.org /va/agentorange/chloracne.php (1021 words)

	EPA Dioxin Reassessment, Health Assessment, Volume III, Toxic Effects (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		For purposes of the current assessment, therefore, unless there are data to identify a particular species as being representative of humans for a particular effect, average humans can be reasonably assumed to be of average sensitivity for various effects, recognizing that individuals in the population might vary widely in their sensitivity to individual effects.
		Chloracne is a severe acne-like condition that develops within months of first exposure to high levels of dioxin.
		Because of the wide variability of the chloracnegenic response in humans and its varied persistence, however, the absence of chloracne is not a reliable indicator of low exposure to dioxin and related compounds.
	www.cqs.com /dioxh97.htm (5442 words)

	Chloroacne Incident
		Chloracne was first described in 1897 and was originally thought to be caused by exposure to newly formed chlorine...
		With time, chloracne was recognized as being caused by over-exposure to chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons, such as dioxins and furans.
		However, Dow has never really disclosed the full details of the "chloracne incident" that occurred at the Midland plant during the 1964 to 1966 time period that resulted in more than 295 new cases of chloracne at the Midland plant.
	www.dioxinspin.com /chloroacne_incident.htm (184 words)

	ATSDR Case Studies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Chloracne is the only overt effect of dioxin exposure in human populations; however, the absence of this effect does not rule out dioxin exposure.
		Chloracne is a papular, sometimes pustular, lesion located principally on the upper facial areas.
		The onset of chloracne is not acute, as was the rash described in the case study.
	www.safe2use.com /ca-ipm/03-01-04i.htm (4652 words)

	Health Effects of Phenoxy Herbicides and Contaminants (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Chloracne has long been associated with TCDD exposure, and is generally considered to be an indication of heavy exposure in occupational or environmental situations.
		In a study of 109 workers engaged in pentachlorophenol manufacture in Tianjin, China, the overall incidence of chloracne was 73.4%, and reached an astonishing 95.2% among the 21 workers in the trichlorobenzene tank area, where levels of dioxin and dibenzofurans reached thousands of parts per million (Cheng, Coenraads et al.
		Particularly high incidences of chloracne were reported in nine separate cases of occupational and accidental exposure, of which four were associated with the chemical plant (Khimprom) in Ufa during the 1960s.
	infoventures.com /e-hlth/orange/phd-he7.html (1666 words)

	Green Left - Issues: Dioxin: more dangerous than we thought (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Chloracne was the first disease associated with exposure to dioxin, first described in 1897.
		Chloracne produces skin eruptions, cysts and pustules -- like a very bad case of acne except that the sores can occur all over the body and can last for many years.
		This means that some humans get chloracne when their dioxin body burden is only seven times as high as the body burden of the average person in the US today.
	www.greenleft.org.au /1995/210/10829 (1262 words)

	Types of skin diseases - Acne
		Chloracne results from exposure to certain halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons (eg polychlorinated biphenyles (PCBc)).
		Individual lesions of chloracne consist primarily of flheads, whiteheads and cysts.
		Chloracne usually begins several weeks or months after the exposure and new lesions may appear even when exposure stops, because there may still be traces of the contaminants in the follicular areas of the skin.
	www.hse.gov.uk /skin/diseases/acne.htm (253 words)

	ATSDR - CSEM - PCBs: Physiologic Effects (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Chloracne is the only overt effect of PCB exposure in humans.
		Chloracne usually begins with the formation of keratin plugs in the pilosebaceous orifices.
		No reliable dose-response model exists for chloracne in exposed populations, and the dose-response relationship might be dependent on individual predisposition.
	www.atsdr.cdc.gov /HEC/CSEM/pcb/physiologic_effects.html (2299 words)

	Severe 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) Intoxication: Clinical and Laboratory Effects
		Based on the course and the conspicuous clinical picture, chloracne was suspected and confirmed by the detection of 144,000 pg TCDD/g blood fat, the highest value ever recorded in a human (5); this corresponds to a calculated body burden of 1.6 mg TCDD and a dosage of 25 µg/kg body weight (9).
		Chloracne was the most severe health effect, which led to the diagnosis in Patient 1.
		In Patient 1, the disfiguring course of chloracne, which was unresponsive to isotretinoin, was most impressive, whereas only a mild expression of chloracne was present in Patient 2 despite the high TCDD blood level.
	www.ehponline.org /members/2001/109p865-869geusau/geusau-full.html (3145 words)

	Epidemiology/ Human Data - Draft Exposure and Human Health Reassessment of 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-Dioxin (TCDD) ...
		As previously stated, chloracne appears within several weeks to months from the time of exposure, often resolving after discontinuation of exposure (Moses et al., 1984; Suskind and Hertzberg, 1984), although for some it may remain for extended periods after exposure ended (Moses et al., 1984).
		In earlier studies, chloracne was considered to be a "hallmark of dioxin intoxication" (Suskind, 1985).
		However, in the Seveso male children and those with chloracne (both sexes), ALT was significantly increased concomitantly with GGT within 1 year of the reactor release (Mocarelli et al., 1986; Caramaschi et al., 1981).
	www.mindfully.org /Health/2_3_7_8-TCDD-Draft-Reassessment.htm (13659 words)

	Chloracne. DermNet NZ
		Chloracne is a rare acne-like skin condition caused by certain toxic chemicals including the dioxins.
		Chloracne is caused by exposure to halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons, which are most often found in:
		Once chloracne has been recognised, the source of exposure must be identified and the affected individual and other workers must be removed from exposure to it.
	dermnetnz.org /acne/chloracne.html (397 words)

	Agent Orange Brief D2
		The first sign of chloracne may be excessive oiliness of the skin.
		The absence of chloracne is not necessarily a reliable basis for concluding that a person has not been exposed to a chemical which is known to cause chloracne.
		Evidence is sufficient to conclude that there is a positive association between exposure to herbicides (2,4-D; 2,4,5-T and its contaminant TCDD; cacodylic acid; and picloram) and chloracne....
	www.geocities.com /d_e_b.geo/briefD2.html (693 words)

	Chloracne (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Chloracne news vertical portal can now be syndicated quickly and easily using our new Really Simple Syndication feeds.
		Diseases associated with dioxin exposure are chloracne, soft tissue sarcomas......
		One noticeable effect of dioxin exposure in humans is chloracne, a condition that causes skin lesions.
	chloracne.diseasemap.com (342 words)

	Skin Absorption and Damage from PCBs
		PCB poisoning was associated with chloracne and skin discoloration in infants
		chloracne is produced by exposure to chlorinated aromatic compounds
		chloracne seems to have a predilection for the skin of the face but involvement also occurs with the neck, shoulders, genitalia, chest, and lower trunk in this order.
	www.foxriverwatch.com /dermal_skin_pcb_pcbs_1d.html (579 words)

	[No title]
		CHLORACNE: Chloracne was the first disease associated with exposure to dioxin, first described in 1897.
		In laboratory animals, chloracne occurs at body burdens as low as 23 ng/kg and as high as 13,900 ng/kg; in humans, chloracne has occurred at body burdens as low as 96 ng/kg and as high as 3000 ng/kg.
		This means that some humans get chloracne when their dioxin body burden is only 7 times as high as the body burden of the average person in the U.S. today.
	www.rachel.org /bulletin/bulletin.cfm?Issue_ID=660 (1999 words)

	[No title]
		Sixty six percent of those potentially exposed are known to have developed definite chloracne with a further twenty seven percent having developed skin changes suspicious of chloracne.
		In the discussion a brief history of chloracne is presented together with a review of the available data on TCAB and TCAOB.
		The results of this study on the development of chloracne are then discussed in the light of present theories on the pathogenesis of acne as whole.
	www.facoccmed.ac.uk /library/docs/morrisng.doc (242 words)

	Statements of Principles — Chloracne — Reasonable hypothesis
		(b) For the purposes of this Statement of Principles, "chloracne" means a dermatologic condition with cysts, comedones and pustules appearing on the head, neck, chest, back, groin or buttocks associated with exposure to halogenated organochlorine or halogenated organobromine compounds, attracting ICD-10-AM code L70.8.
		Paragraph 5(b) applies only to material contribution to, or aggravation of chloracne where the person’s chloracne was suffered or contracted before or during (but not arising out of) the person’s relevant service; paragraph 8(1)(e), 9(1)(e), 70(5)(d) or 70(5A)(d) of the Act refers.
		"death from chloracne" in relation to a person includes death from a terminal event or condition that was contributed to by the person’s chloracne;
	www.dva.gov.au /pensions/statemnt/m002rh.htm (398 words)

	Dioxin Facts - Dioxin Myth: Environmental Dioxin Poisoning is Responsible for Mounting Cases of Acne in Adult Women
		The level of exposure needed to cause chloracne is hundreds of times greater than the very low level to which the general public is exposed.
		People who have developed chloracne were exposed to unusually high levels of dioxins through workplace accidents or, as alleged in the case of Ukrainian President Viktor Yushchenko, intentional poisonings.
		Chloracne does not appear to affect women preferentially to men.
	www.dioxinfacts.org /dioxin_health/dioxin_rumors/dioxin_myth.html (499 words)

	Ceramics Today - Articles
		In humans, the acute toxicity of TCDD is known from accidental release due to runaway reactions or explosions.
		These symptoms subsided within 1-2 weeks and were followed by: -acneiform eruption, -severe muscle pain in the extremities, thorax, and shoulders, -fatigue, nervousness, and irritability, -complaints of decreased libido, -intolerance to cold.
		Chloracne can result within several weeks after exposure to TCDD and can persist for decades, the severity of chloracne is related to the degree of exposure.
	www.ceramicstoday.com /articles/dioxins.htm (1290 words)

	Dioxin toxicity and chloracne in the Ukraine Journal of Drugs in Dermatology - Find Articles
		The hallmark of dioxin toxicity is chloracne and should alert the clinician to this diagnosis, which can be confirmed by blood tests.
		Dioxins are byproducts of manufacturing processes that utilize chlorine, such as in the manufacturing of herbicides, paper, and pulp bleaching.
		Except for chloracne, no significant long-term health problems or pathologic laboratory parameters were found after 20 years of observation.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0PDG/is_2_4/ai_n13559170 (803 words)

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