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Topic: Chlorenchyma

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	Leaf
		For this purpose, a leaf is typically flat and thin, to expose the chloroplast containing cells (chlorenchyma) to light over a broad area, and to allow light to penetrate fully into the tissues.
		Leaves are normally colored green, which comes from the chlorophyll found in plastids in the chlorenchyma.
		Most of the interior of the leaf between the upper and lower layers of epidermis is a parenchyma or chlorenchyma tissue called the mesophyll.
	www.guajara.com /wiki/en/wikipedia/l/le/leaf.html (956 words)

	Leaf - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		For this purpose, a leaf is typically flat (laminar) and thin, to expose the cells containing chloroplast (chlorenchyma tissue) to light over a broad area, and to allow light to penetrate fully into the tissues.
		Most of the interior of the leaf between the upper and lower layers of epidermis is a parenchyma (ground tissue) or chlorenchyma tissue called the mesophyll (= middle leaf).
		Leaves are normally green in color, which comes from chlorophyll found in plastids in the chlorenchyma cells.
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Leaf (2796 words)

	chlorenchyma - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		dicot leaf, palisade chlorenchyma, spongy chlorenchyma, vein, xylem, phloem, stomate, guard cell, epidermis epidermal cell: paradermal section; stomate guard cell, epidermis, epidermal cell, spongy...
		Chlorenchyma definition, words related to chlorenchyma, proper usage and pronunciation of the word chlorenchyma from YourDictionary.com.
		Specialised chlorenchyma in leaves is called palisade mesophyll or spongy mesophyll, although in vertically hanging leaves, such as shown in this...
	uk.encarta.msn.com /chlorenchyma.html (100 words)

	Plant tissues: Chlorenchyma (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Chlorenchyma cells are actually parenchyma cells, but they contain chloroplasts, e.g.
		The mesophyll cells of leaves can thus be regarded as chlorenchyma.
		the chlorenchyma are the main photosynthetic cells of the plant and manufacture carbohydrates during photosynthesis.
	www.botany.uwc.ac.za /SCI_ED/grade10/plant_tissues/chlorenchyma.htm (37 words)

	Light-dependent Development of Single Cell C4 Photosynthesis in Cotyledons of Borszczowia aralocaspica (Chenopodiaceae) ...
		Starch is accumulated abundantly in the proximal part of chlorenchyma cells with some grains in distal part, hypodermal and water storage cells.
		The plastids in the incipient chlorenchyma layer are evenly
		chlorenchyma is coordinated with the partitioning of the chloroplasts
	aob.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/93/2/177 (4464 words)

	Leaf (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		For this purpose, a leaf is typically flat and thin, to expose the chloroplast containing cells (chlorenchyma) to light over a broad area, and to allow light to penetrate fully into the tissues.
		Most of the interior of the leaf between the upper and lower layers of epidermis is a parenchyma or chlorenchyma tissue called the mesophyll.
		Leaves are normally green in color, which comes from chlorophyll found in plastids in the chlorenchyma.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/l/le/leaf.html (965 words)

	Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute, 1920 [electronic resource]
		The chlorenchyma consists of large, roundish cells with somewhat thickened cell-walls and containing numerous chloroplasts.
		The cells nearest the chlorenchyma are small, have thick walls; and are closely arranged, so that there are no intercellular air-spaces.
		As we pass towards the centre of the stem the cells become larger and rounder, and their walls are thinner, and there are larger intercellular air-spaces.
	rsnz.natlib.govt.nz /volume/rsnz_52/rsnz_52_00_004410.html (581 words)

	Parenchyma-Chlorenchyma Water Movement during Drought for the Hemiepiphytic Cactus Hylocereus undatus -- NOBEL 97 (3): ...
		Lengths of the chlorenchyma and the water-storage parenchyma
		Representative responses to perfusion with distilled water for the lengths of chlorenchyma and water-storage parenchyma cells in thin sections of excised stem pieces of H.
		chlorenchyma could be metabolically active, both for net CO uptake and for the internal recycling of endogenously produced
	aob.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/97/3/469 (3521 words)

	Development of biochemical specialization and organelle partitioning in the single-cell C4 system in leaves of ...
		Note the numerous organelles in centripetal position of the cells and the thin cytoplasmic layer in the center of the cells lacking organelles.
		Proximal end of chlorenchyma cell is at bottom of micrograph in A–I and to the left in J and K. (A, D, G) rubisco, (B, E, H) PEPC, and (C, F, I) PPDK.
		chlorenchyma, with the latter having the largest number of chloroplasts.
	www.amjbot.org /cgi/content/full/90/12/1669 (6235 words)

	Phloem Transport of Fructans in the Crassulacean Acid Metabolism Species Agave deserti -- Wang and Nobel 116 (2): 709 ...
		of the harvested chlorenchyma or water-storage parenchyma was
		To measure fructosyltransferase activity, 0.5 to 1.0 g of frozen chlorenchyma or 50 mg of dissected vascular tissues was ground
		Suc was the predominate sugar in the chlorenchyma of mature green (source) leaves of A.
	www.plantphysiol.org /cgi/content/full/116/2/709 (3887 words)

	Lab 10 Plant Tissues
		Parenchyma cells primarily function in food and water storage, while chlorenchyma cells have the same function in addition to containing chloroplast.
		Chlorenchyma cells are found in the green parts of plants.
		Chlorenchyma: Obtain the slide labeled "Ligustrum (privet) Leaf".
	www2.volstate.edu /msd/BIO/1020/lab10planttissues.htm (1600 words)

	Botany Glossary "C"
		Chlorenchyma cells are parenchyma cells that contain chlorophyll and can thus carry on photosynthesis.
		Chlorenchyma cells are the principle cells in the palisade and spongy parenchyma of the leaf mesophyll.
		Chromosomes are the threads of DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) in the nucleus of the cell that contains all of the information necessary to grow an entire plant.
	www.puc.edu /Faculty/Gilbert_Muth/botglosc.htm (1266 words)

	ECOPHYSIOLOGY OF OPUNTIA FICUS-INDICA
		The accumulating organic acids are stored overnight in large vacuoles within cells of the chlorenchyma (the greenish chlorophyll-containing region), so the tissue becomes progressively more acidic during the course of the night.
		When plants are acclimatized to high day/night air temperatures of 50°C/40°C, their chlorenchyma cells are not seriously injured by 1 hour at 60°C, and most cells survive 1 hour at 65°C (Nobel, 1988).
		Thus the extent of cultivation of both species can increase because of the rising air temperatures that are predicted to accompany global climate change, and the increasing atmospheric CO levels will increase their biomass productivity.
	www.fao.org /DOCREP/005/Y2808E/y2808e06.htm (3484 words)

	Leaf anatomy of the south african danthonieae poaceae 9. asthenatherum glaucum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Detailed descriptions of the leaf section and abaxial epidermis are given and illustrated by means of photomicrographs.
		The leaf anatomy of all specimens is undoubtedly Kranz with radiate chlorenchyma and specialized parenchyma bundle sheath chloroplasts.
		This observation is the most important justification for separating Asthenatherum from Danthonia, which has non-Kranz anatomy.
	trophort.com /005/798/005798695.html (182 words)

	Hull-less Seeded Pumpkins: A New Edible Snackseed Crop
		In seed classified as completely hull-less, the outer seedcoat layers are reduced to the extent that seed take on the appearance of the inner seedcoat layer (chlorenchyma) which is normally dark green (Fig.
		I have found two color variants of chlorenchyma issue, light green, recessive to dark green, and yellow, recessive to both dark green and light green.
		When the outer seedcoat is partially developed (monorecessive condition) seedcoats appear grey against a green chlorenchyma background and tan against a yellow chlorenchyma background.
	www.hort.purdue.edu /newcrop/proceedings1990/v1-403.html (1729 words)

	KNAT1 and ERECTA Regulate Inflorescence Architecture in Arabidopsis -- Douglas et al. 14 (3): 547 -- THE PLANT CELL
		Arrowheads point to regions in which chlorenchyma development is repressed.
		the downregulation of chlorenchyma tissue correlates with a
		The position of a second stripe, initiated from a superior node, is marked by arrowheads.
	www.plantcell.org /cgi/content/full/14/3/547 (6969 words)

	Equisetum telmateia (incl. subsp. braunii)
		Internally lacking chlorenchyma, the collenchyma not as distinct as in other species, massed under both ridges (carinal collen- chyma) and valleys (vallecular collenchyma).
		Central canal 2/3 to 3/4 diameter of stem, vallecular canals prominent.
		Its most distinctive feature is the presence of chlorenchyma (and as- sociated stomata) in the vegetative stem, under the valleys, thus having a light green rather than ivory color.
	members.eunet.at /m.matus/Equisetum_telmateia.html (1080 words)

	RESULTS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		In the palisade mesophyll region, multilayers of cholorenchyma cells extends to the abaxial layer of the leaf, but they are less dense compare to the adaxial side.
		Vascular tissues such as xylem and phloem are present inside the leaf between the chlorenchyma cells.
		They are small vascular bundles that located close to the abaxial side of the leaf.
	www2.hawaii.edu /~kapek/leaf.html (203 words)

	plntphys2_1p238abs
		Chlorenchyma cells with the structure undamaged by atmospheric pollination were used for com-
		In undamaged (depressed) chlorenchyma cells of needles and leaves affected by heavy pollination, the
		depressed chlorenchyma cells of needles and leaves in evergreen plant species seems to constitute the mecha-
	www.maik.rssi.ru /cgi-bin/search.pl?type=abstract&name=plntphys&number=2&year=1&page=238 (175 words)

	Parenchyma-chlorenchyma water movement during drought for the hemiepiphytic cactus Hylocereus undatus.
		METHODS: In addition to determining cell dimensions, osmotic pressures and water potentials, a novel but simple procedure leading to an external water potential of zero was devised by which cells in thin sections were perfused with distilled water.
		About 95 % of the water lost came from cells in the water-storage parenchyma, which decreased by 44 % in length and volume, whereas cells in the adjacent chlorenchyma decreased by only 6 %; the osmotic pressure concomitantly increased by only 10 % in the chlorenchyma but by 75 % in the water-storage parenchyma.
		The ability to shift water from the parenchyma to the chlorenchyma allowed the latter tissue to maintain a positive net CO2 uptake rate during such a drought.
	www.medscape.com /medline/abstract/16390846 (347 words)

	Primary tissues of the stem
		The collenchyma is associated with the stem ridges and the sclerenchyma fibers, which are still immature and therefore look much like the collenchyma, are associated with the phloem of each vascular bundle (see Fig.
		The stems on these slides are near the end of primary growth and a vascular cambium has begun to differentiate in preparation for secondary growth (which is very limited in alfalfa).
		Note that the cortex contains no chlorenchyma and that collenchyma is present all the way around the stem periphery, not just at the ridges as in alfalfa.
	www.northern.edu /ramsayj/Botany/stemlab.html (626 words)

	Thieme-connect - Abstract
		Borszczowia aralocaspica Bunge (Chenopodiaceae), a new leaf type with 1-layered chlorenchyma is described as „borszczovoid” and compared with other leaf types in subfamily Salsoloideae.
		The chlorenchyma is suspected to represent a unique C
		The 1-layered photosynthetic tissue combines all essential anatomical characters of a 2-layered chlorenchyma of regular C
	www.thieme-connect.com /ejournals/DOI/10.1055/s-2000-9462?locale=en&LgSwitch=1 (178 words)

	AllRefer.com - histology (Anatomy And Physiology) - Encyclopedia
		These types are combined in different ways in the organism to form characteristic organs.
		Plants are composed of relatively undifferentiated tissue known as meristematic tissue; storage tissue, or parenchyma; vascular tissue; photosynthetic tissue, or chlorenchyma; and support tissue, or sclerenchyma and collenchyma.
		A variety of techniques are used for histological studies, including tissue culture, use of various fixatives and stains, the use of a microtome for preparing thin sections, light microscopy, electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/H/histolog.html (390 words)

	h20poten
		Imagine a chlorenchyma cell next to the phloem.
		The solute potential of the chlorenchyma cell is -2.5 MPa, and its pressure potential is 1.5 MPa.
		What is the water potential in the chlorenchyma cell?
	www.sju.edu /biology/organ/h20poten.html (145 words)

	Articles - Leaf (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		In botany, a leaf is an above-ground plant organ specialized for photosynthesis.
		Most of the interior of the leaf between the upper and lower layers of epidermis is a parenchyma (ground tissue) or chlorenchyma tissue called the mesophyll (= middle leaf).
		Leaves are normally green in color, which comes from chlorophyll found in plastids in the chlorenchyma cells.
	www.fruit-center.com /articles/Leaf (2571 words)

	Chapter 12: Leaf (2003)
		Chlorenchyma that is NOT thicker than the penetration of sunlight, therefore
		Adaxial (upper) surface is typically exposed to a different environment then the abaxial (lower) surface
		Minor veins are surrounded by tightly packed parenchyma that function as transfer cells (cells with large contact surfaces with surrounding chlorenchyma cells and with the apoplastic space) and are called the bundle sheath
	www.wou.edu /~duttonb/Bi371/Bi371-LG(ch12-2005).htm (770 words)

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