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Topic: Chloroalkane

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	Freon Encyclopedia Articles @ HotAndCold.com (Hot and Cold) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Experimentation with chloroalkanes for fire suppression on military aircraft began at least as early as the 1920s.
		Use of certain chloroalkanes as solvents for large scale application, such as dry cleaning, have been phased out, for example, by the IPPC directive on greenhouse gases in 1994 and by the Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) directive of the EU in 1997.
		Tertiary alkanol reacts with hydrochloric acid directly to produce tertiary chloroalkane, but if primary or secondary alkanol is used, an activator such as zinc chloride is needed.
	www.hotandcold.com /encyclopedia/Freon (3798 words)

	Lucas' reagent - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The speed of this reaction is proportional to the energy required to form the carbocation, so Tertiary, benzylic, and allylic carbocations react quickly, while smaller, less substituted, alcohols react more slowly.
		The cloudiness observed is caused by the carbocation immediately reacting with the chloride ion creating an insoluble chloroalkane.
		Hence, the time taken for turbidity to appear is a measure of the reactivity of the class of alcohol with Lucas reagent, and this is used to differentiate between the three classes of alcohols:
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Lucas'_reagent (352 words)

	Process for the preparation of azoniaspironortropanol esters - Patent 4855422
		Process of claim 1, wherein said chloroalkane is used in an amount from 1% to 10% of the volume of said tropine.
		Process of claim 5, wherein said chloroalkane is used in an amount from 1% to 5% of said tropine.
		The amount of chloroalkane used is in the range of from 1-10% by volume, preferably from 1 to 5% by volume and most preferably from 2 to 4% by volume.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4855422.html (5748 words)

	INVERSE GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		A criterion for obtaining the chemical graph of a chloroalkane has been proposed by replacing the edge vertex containing CH group with covalently bonded chlorine atom.
		P=2 the chloroalkane curve shifts such that it coincides with the alkane curve.
		In view of the highly established empirical equation for alkanes it is suggested herein that, instead of obtaining separate empirical curves for haloalkanes, there is a good potential for boiling points of haloalkanes be obtainable based on the philosophy of mass factor in order to take advantage of the highly established empirical models of alkanes.
	acta.chem-soc.si /51/51-4-611.htm (217 words)

	Alkyl - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The chlorine free radical will bond with a hydrogen from an alkane forming hydrochloric acid and leaving an alkyl.
		This alkyl will then bond to a chlorine to form the product; a chloroalkane.
		The reaction is very energetic and can be explosive if proper precautions are not taken.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Alkyl (573 words)

	Model of Chloroethane and Iodoethane
		One such species is the iodide ion, which, because of its size and polarizability, is both a good nucleophile and a good leaving group.
		Iodide catalyzes a nucleophilic substitution, such as the reaction of a chloroalkane (left) with hydroxide ion, by first reacting as a nucleophile to replace the chloride ion, giving the iodoalkane (right).
		Overall, if this two-step process (formation of and reaction of the iodoalkane intermediate) is faster than the single-step reaction of the chloroalkane, the reaction is being catalyzed by the iodide ion.
	wps.prenhall.com /wps/media/objects/726/744224/iodidecat.html (220 words)

	Chemistry 152 Exam 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Usually it is a Lewis base which can donate a pair of electrons (usually a "lone-pair") to the somewhat positively charged atom or center.
		The C - Cl bond in any chloroalkane (for example CH Cl) is highly polarized, leaving an excess of negative charge on the chlorine atom and an excess of positive charge (a deficit of electrons) on the attached carbon atom.
		This "positively charge" carbon atom forms a tempting target for an attack by nucleophiles, which bonds to the carbon (temporarily forming a 5-valent carbon atom).
	www.owlnet.rice.edu /~chem152/lecture/Oldexams/04exam3key.html (1268 words)

	BOJANA G
		Jeliazkova, M.A.Doicheva and K. Milchovska, Thermal and photochemical reactions of Cu(II) dithiocarbamate mixed-ligand complexes with chloroalkanes, Polyhedron, 17, 4553-4566 (1998).
		Jeliazkova, EPR study on the charge-transfer photochemistry of the bromide mixed-ligand dithiocarbamate complex of Cu(II), Spectrochim.
		Sarova and S. Doneva, Thermal and photochemical reactions of bis(8-quinolinolato)Cu(II), bis(8-quinolinethiolato)Cu(II) and (8-quinolinolato,8-quinolinethiolato)Cu(II) with chloroalkanes, Inorg.
	www.chem.uni-sofia.bg /depart/achem/staff/jel/jeljazkova.htm (190 words)

	CHEM253 Laboratory (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		We will be performing a series of synthesis reactions in Organic Chemistry laboratory for several reasons:
		_____ The work-up procedure in the chloroalkane preparation calls for using sodium bicarbonate.
		____ Chloroalkanes are generally considered to be harmful to human beings and their environment.
	domin.dom.edu /faculty/jbfriesen/chem253lab/07.htm (1955 words)

	electrophilic substitution - the alkylation of benzene (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		A hydrogen on the ring is replaced by a group like methyl or ethyl and so on.
		Benzene is treated with a chloroalkane (for example, chloromethane or chloroethane) in the presence of aluminium chloride as a catalyst.
		On this page, we will look at substituting a methyl group, but any other alkyl group could be used in the same way.
	www.chemguide.co.uk /mechanisms/elsub/fcalkyl.html (246 words)

	modeling of intracellular ion transport
		Treatment efficiencies can be enhanced using strategies based on periodic pumping or multiple biodegradation zones.
		Our research group has carried out process modeling and developed optimization schemes for these enhanced bioremendation approaches for the removal of chloroalkane and chloroethylene groundwater pollutants in the St. Joseph’s aquifer near the town of Schoolcraft in southwestern Michigan.
		Our design algorithms may be applied to determine optimal well placement and injection/extraction schedule for pulsed pumping remediation systems at other field sites.
	www-personal.engin.umich.edu /~cmlasto/intracellulartransport.html (656 words)

	Haloalkane degradation and assimilation by Rhodococcus rhodochrous NCIMB 13064 -- Curragh et al. 140 (6): 1433 -- ...
		Concomitantly, gamma- butyrolactone accumulated to 1 mM in the
		the long-chain chloroalkane is initiated by an oxygenase at the
		on long- chain chloroalkanes was insufficient to account for all the
	mic.sgmjournals.org /cgi/content/abstract/140/6/1433 (463 words)

	Pseudomonas sp. Strain 273, an Aerobic alpha ,omega -DichloroalkaneDegrading Bacterium -- Wischnak et al. 64 (9): 3507 ...
		activities in microcosms when chloroalkanes are used as the only
		organisms with chloroalkanes as the only growth substrate failed.
		nonchlorinated alkane and not by the corresponding chloroalkane.
	aem.asm.org /cgi/content/full/64/9/3507 (2606 words)

	alkylation-of-benzene.html (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		A hydrogen atom on the ring is replaced by a group like methyl or ethyl
		Benzene is treated with a chloroalkane for example chloromethane in the presence of a catalyst aluminium chloride.
		Any alkyl group can be used, i have choosen to concentrate on methyl
	www.chem.shef.ac.uk /chm131-2001/cha01lh/alkylation-of-benzene.html (195 words)

	[No title]
		Not produced by the body.AldehydeHas the carbonyl group, C=O, on the end of the carbon chain.
		AlkylationThe introduction of an alkyl group, R, using a chloroalkane.
		Typical of arenes.AntagonistNeither contains the pharmacophore nor induces a change in the receptor site.
	www.york.ac.uk /org/seg/salters/chemistry/DIY/word/KeywordsMedicinesbyDesign/KeywordsMedicinesbyDesign.doc (507 words)

	Arenes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		The initial product is sodium benzoate solution, which is made acidic with dilute hydrochloric acid to precipitate benzoic acid
		Rgts: chloroalkane in the presence of anhydrous aluminium chloride
		In practice further alkylation occurs to give 1,3-dimethylbenzene also.
	home.clara.net /rod.beavon/arenes.htm (150 words)

	yangzhou sanyou
		The company, a nongovernmental hi-tech enterprise in Jiangsu province, is mainly engaged in researching and developing chloroalkane and other organic compounds.
		It can produce 1,500T chloroalkane series products per year.
		Adopting high technology, instead of traditional technique, the company can provides clients chemical products with good quality and low price
	exporter.globalimporter.net /com/12777.htm (197 words)

	LRIG :: Bay Area Chapter
		Randall Learish, Promega Corporation, 2800 Woods Hollow Rd. Madison, WI
		The HaloTag™ Interchangeable Labeling Technology is a novel system for the efficient formation of a covalent bond between an engineered reporting protein and a synthetic chloroalkane (ligand).
		We have developed this technology for use in living cells and in vitro for protein capture.
	www.lrigbayarea.org /pages/upcoming.html (1482 words)

	[No title]
		SUPPORT: LETTER FROM [ ] TO USEPA REGARDING A RAT INHALATION DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY STUDY WITH CHLOROALKANE, DATED 10/28/97 (SANITIZED)
		SUPPORT: LETTER FROM [ ] TO USEPA REGARDING A 2-WEEK INHALATION TOXICITY STUDY IN RATS WITH CHLOROALKANE, DATED 11/25/96 (SANITIZED)
		SUPPORT: LETTER FROM [ ] TO USEPA REGARDING AN ACUTE INHALATION TOXICITY STUDY WITH CHLOROALKANE, DATED 07/23/96 (SANITIZED)
	yosemite.epa.gov /oppts/epatscat8.nsf/ReportSearch?OpenAgent&CASNumber=61788-76-9 (1649 words)

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