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Topic: Chloromethane

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	ATSDR - ToxFAQs™: Chloromethane
		Chloromethane is found in air, surface water, groundwater, soil, and sediment.
		Most of the chloromethane that is released into the environment is from natural sources, such as chemical reactions that occur in the oceans.
		Chloromethane is an impurity in vinyl chloride; exposure could occur from disposal of vinyl chloride waste.
	www.atsdr.cdc.gov /tfacts106.html (822 words)

	School of Agriculture and Food Science
		McNally, K.J. and Harper, D.B. Methylation of phenol by chloromethane in the fungus Phellinus pomaceus.
		McNally, K.J., Hamilton, J.T.G. and Harper, D.B. The methylation of benzoic and n-butyric acids by chloromethane in Phellinus pomaceus.
		Harper, D.B. and Hamilton, J.T.G. Biosynthesis of chloromethane in Phellinus pomaceus.
	www.qub.ac.uk /afs/departments/fs/fungalstaff/dh_pubs.htm (1435 words)

	Eco-USA: Chloromethane
		Chloromethane is a clear, colorless gas (vapor) that is difficult to smell.
		Chloromethane was used widely in refrigerators in the past, but generally this use has been taken over by newer chemicals such as Freon.
		Chloromethane can also enter your body through the skin if you come into contact with it, but the amount that enters this way is not known.
	www.eco-usa.net /toxics/clmethan.shtml (1119 words)

	ATSDR - Public Health Statement: Chloromethane
		Chloromethane is produced in industry, but the it also occurs naturally, and most of the chloromethane that is released to the environment (estimated at up to 99%) comes from natural sources.
		Chloromethane is also present in some lakes and streams and has been found in drinking water (including well water) at very low levels in the parts per billion to part per trillion (ppt) range.
		The chloromethane that you breathe in or drink rapidly enters the bloodstream from the lungs or the digestive tract and moves throughout the body to organs such as the liver, kidneys, and brain.
	www.atsdr.cdc.gov /toxprofiles/phs106.html (3217 words)

	Chloromethane Utilization Gene Cluster from Hyphomicrobium chloromethanicum Strain CM2T and Development of Functional ...
		Chloromethane (CH Cl) is a volatile organic compound with an average concentration in the atmosphere of 540 ppt (vol/vol)
		Chloromethane can be cometabolized by bacteria, both by oxidation (35, 40) and by hydrolysis (21).
		The strategy used for enrichment and isolation of chloromethane utilizers was a modification of that used by Doronina et al.
	aem.asm.org /cgi/content/full/67/1/307 (4870 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Chloromethane is found as a pollutant in municipal waste streams from treatment plants, as well as industrial waste streams.
		Spontaneously flammable aluminum trimethyl is formed upon reaction of chloromethane with aluminum in the presence of trace aluminum chloride.
		In 1998, 21,752,662 pounds of chloromethane waste were managed; 3,447,064 pounds were recycled on-site; 23,740 pounds were recycled off-site; 4,341,426 pounds were used for energy recovery on-site; 17,950 pounds were used for energy recovery off-site; 8,711,354 pounds were treated on-site; 2,289,660 pounds were treated off-site; and 2,921,468 pounds were released on-and off-site.
	www.e11th-hour.org /resources/backgrounders/chemical.ind/chlorome.txt (1115 words)

	Chloromethane (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Chloromethane (CAS# 74-87-3) is a clear, colorless gas also known as methyl chloride.
		Chloromethane has a faint, sweet odor that is noticeable only at levels that may be toxic.
		Chloromethane is regulated under the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act; Clean Air Act; Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (Superfund); Clean Water Act, on the Priority Pollutant List; and Resource Conservation and Recovery Act.
	www.nsc.org /xroads/chemicals_htm/chloromethane.htm (1126 words)

	NRDC: Preventing Industrial Pollution at its Source - Appendix 2
		Cellulose from wood or cotton is used as a primary raw material and is modified by reaction with sodium hydroxide, chloromethane and propylene oxide.
		Chloromethane is the only MSRI chemical within this waste stream and is generated as an unreacted raw material.
		Chloromethane, which is produced as a byproduct of the chemical reaction, is the primary chemical within this waste stream.
	www.nrdc.org /water/pollution/msri/app2.asp (5102 words)

	EWG Investigation \| U.S. Tap Water Quality Database (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Chloromethane is a by-product of water disinfection and an EPA top priority for testing and study in tap water based on toxicity concerns.
		Potential health impacts associated with Chloromethane include cancer, cardiovascular or blood toxicity, developmental toxicity, gastrointestinal or liver toxicity, kidney toxicity, neurotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, respiratory toxicity, and skin sensitivity.
		Chloromethane remains unregulated in tap water, without a maximum legal limit.
	www.ewg.org /tapwater/contaminants/contaminant.php?contamcode=2210 (596 words)

	intas 94-3122 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The chloromethane utilizing organisms were found to belong to the genera Hypomicrobium and Methylobacterium.
		Analysis of 20 kb of gene sequence suggested that chloromethane dehalogenation is initiated by enzymes which transfer the methyl group of chloromethane onto a corrinoid protein and subsequently from the corrinoid onto tetrahydrofolate.
		Thus, an inducible pathway of chloromethane utilization has emerged which leads from chloromethane via a methylated corrinoid to methyl-tetrahydrofolate and further via methylene-, methenyl- and formyl-tetrahydrofolate to formate.
	www.intas.be /catalog/94-3122.htm (615 words)

	electrophilic substitution - the alkylation of benzene (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		This page gives you the facts and a simple, uncluttered mechanism for the electrophilic substitution reaction between benzene and chloromethane in the presence of an aluminium chloride catalyst.
		Benzene is treated with a chloroalkane (for example, chloromethane or chloroethane) in the presence of aluminium chloride as a catalyst.
		The electrophile is CH It is formed by reaction between the chloromethane and the aluminium chloride catalyst.
	www.chemguide.co.uk /mechanisms/elsub/fcalkyl.html (246 words)

	Vapor Pressure: Molecular Polarity (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The measurement of pressure exerted by a vapor is demonstrated using barometers.
		The vapor pressures of chloromethane and dichloromethane are compared.
		When chloromethane is injected, the chloromethane rises to the top and vaporizes.
	jchemed.chem.wisc.edu /jcesoft/cca/CCA2/MAIN/VAPORES4/CD2R1.HTM (132 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		For chloromethane, it is very easy for a nucleophile to approach the electrophilic carbon (blue) from the side opposite the leaving chlorine (green).
		It is still relatively easy for a nucleophile to approach the electrophilic carbon (blue) of chloroethane from the side opposite the leaving chlorine (green).
		The two methyl groups on the electrophilic carbon of 2-chloropropane (isopropyl chloride) sterically hinder the approach of a nucleophile to the electrophilic carbon (blue) from the side opposite the leaving chlorine (green).
	www.du.edu /~jhornbac/organic/stersn2.html (254 words)

	Common molecules #50692 - Reciprocal Net (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Chloromethane is a natural substance found in air, water, and soil that is toxic at high levels.
		Chloromethane is a natural organochlorine that was discovered by 1968.
		Chloromethane also has a faint sweet odor that is noticeable only at dangerously high levels.
	www.reciprocalnet.org /recipnet/showsample.jsp?sampleId=27344734 (136 words)

	[No title]
		Date: Thu, 21 May 1998 22:54:24 -0400 Subject: Chloromethane spectrum in the ion trap Organization: AT&T WorldNet Services The ion trap GC/MS of chloromethane (and dichloromethane) from aqueous samples (purge and trap) is characterized by mass spectra very different from those obtained by conventional quadrupole instruments under identical conditions.
		Date: Fri, 22 May 1998 09:16:13 -0700 Subject: Re: Chloromethane spectrum in the ion trap Organization: ICGNetcom The ion trap mass spectra of these compounds is influenced by a variety of factors.
		Date: Mon, 01 Jun 1998 08:06:20 -0400 Subject: Re: Chloromethane spectrum in the ion trap Organization: Whitehall Robins I have used ion traps for almost 10 years now, and have not found this to be a problem in identifying unknowns (the primary reason I use the ion trap).
	web.chemistry.gatech.edu /~bostwick/stms/chloro.txt (760 words)

	Chloromethane-Induced Genes Define a Third C1 Utilization Pathway in Methylobacterium chloromethanicum CM4 -- Studer et ...
		Genetic organization of the gene clusters I (A) and II (B) involved in chloromethane utilization in M.
		0.8) with 40 mM methanol, 5% chloromethane, or a mixture of
		derived from the dehalogenation of chloromethane in the presence
	jb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/184/13/3476 (4523 words)

	Chloromethane Metabolism by Methylobacterium sp. Strain CM4 -- Vannelli et al. 64 (5): 1933 -- Applied and ...
		Chloromethane is of environmental concern since it is believed to be responsible for about 15% of the destruction of the stratospheric
		Chloromethane disappearance in the headspace was analyzed by gas chromatography.
		chloromethane metabolized and have a growth yield with chloromethane
	aem.asm.org /cgi/content/full/64/5/1933 (2367 words)

	Explaining the Friedel-Crafts alkylation of benzene - electrophilic substitution
		It takes a chlorine (as a chloride ion) from the chloromethane, and forms a co-ordinate (dative covalent) bond with it.
		In this case, both the electrons in the bond come from the chlorine being removed from the chloromethane.
		As the CH ion approaches the delocalised electrons in the benzene, those electrons are strongly attracted towards the positive charge.
	www.chemguide.co.uk /mechanisms/elsub/fcalkyltt.html (397 words)

	totse.com \| How to Make Methamphetamine the Proper Way
		The difference between amphetamine and methamphetamine is the addition of a single methyl group (CH3) to the amino group sticking off the middle carbon atom in the chain.
		Vaporize your amine (your amphetamine) with a bunch of vaporized chloromethane (CH3Cl, a solvent) and some gaseous pyridine.
		The hydrogen joins the liberated chlorine, and the resulting HCl is soaked up by the pyridine.
	www.totse.com /en/drugs/speedy_drugs/ice.html (1021 words)

	Dow Announces Feasibility Study for Chloromethane Facility in China
		The chloromethanes include methyl chloride, methylene chloride and chloroform, which are widely used by the chemical industry in a variety of applications and are also used as solvents.
		Dow is currently a major supplier of methylene chloride and chloroform to China as well as other parts of Asia, having world-scale production facilities in Stade, Germany, and Freeport (Texas) and Plaquemine (Louisiana), USA.
		As the world's largest producer of chloromethanes, with capacity well in excess of one billion pounds, Dow's global chlorinated organics business is committed to satisfying the future needs of its customers in China and the rest of the world.
	www.prnewswire.com /cgi-bin/stories.pl?ACCT=105&STORY=/www/story/9-3-97/309529 (255 words)

	Amazon.com: Chloromethane: Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Economic impact analysis of proposed testing regulations for chloromethane and chlorobenzenes (TSCA economic analysis series) by David Mayo (Unknown Binding - 1980)
		a simple compound called chloromethane that seems to play a vital role in atmospheric ozone...
		and chloromethane, a chemical known to be a major contributor to cancer...
	www.amazon.com /s?ie=UTF8&keywords=Chloromethane&tag=httpexplaguid-20&index=books&link_code=qs&page=1 (541 words)

	Chloromethane Combustion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The laminar flame speeds of blends of dichloromethane and trichloromethane with methane at room temperature and atmospheric pressure were experimentally determined using the counterflow twin-flame technique, varying both the amount of chlorinated compound in the fuel and the equivalence ratio of the unburned mixture.
		A detailed kinetic model previously employed for simulation of chloromethane combustion was expanded to include the oxidation kinetics of dichloromethane and trichloromethane.
		Numerical simulation shows that the expanded kinetic model predicted the flame speeds to within 3 cm/s of the measured values.
	www.princeton.edu /~cklaw/kinetics/lwz001/index.html (150 words)

	Oxidative Addition of the Chloromethane C-Cl Bond to Pd, an ab Initio Benchmark and DFT Validation Study
		Oxidative Addition of the Chloromethane C-Cl Bond to Pd, an ab Initio Benchmark and DFT Validation Study
		We have computed a state-of-the-art benchmark potential energy surface (PES) for the archetypal oxidative addition of the chloromethane C-Cl bond to the palladium atom and have used this to evaluate the performance of 26 popular density functionals, covering LDA, GGA, meta-GGA, and hybrid density functionals, for describing this reaction.
		The ab initio benchmark is obtained by exploring the PES using a hierarchical series of ab initio methods [HF, MP2, CCSD, and CCSD(T)] in combination with a hierarchical series of seven Gaussian-type basis sets, up to g polarization.
	pubs.acs.org /cgi-bin/abstract.cgi/jctcce/2006/2/i02/abs/ct050254g.html (380 words)

	Chloromethane Metabolism by Methylobacterium sp. Strain CM4 -- Vannelli et al. 64 (5): 1933 -- Applied and ...
		McAnulla, C., Woodall, C. A., McDonald, I. R., Studer, A., Vuilleumier, S., Leisinger, T., Murrell, J. Chloromethane Utilization Gene Cluster from Hyphomicrobium chloromethanicum Strain CM2T and Development of Functional Gene Probes To Detect Halomethane-Degrading Bacteria.
		Studer, A., Vuilleumier, S., Leisinger, T. Properties of the methylcobalamin:H4folate methyltransferase involved in chloromethane utilization by Methylobacterium sp.
		Vannelli, T., Messmer, M., Studer, A., Vuilleumier, S., Leisinger, T. A corrinoid-dependent catabolic pathway for growth of a Methylobacterium strain with chloromethane.
	aem.asm.org /cgi/content/abstract/64/5/1933 (485 words)

	Carbon Isotope Ratios for Chloromethane of Biological Origin: Potential Tool in Determining Biological Emissions
		Carbon Isotope Ratios for Chloromethane of Biological Origin: Potential Tool in Determining Biological Emissions
		Chloromethane (CH Cl) with a global atmospheric burden of 5.3 million t is the most abundant halocarbon in the atmosphere.
		C values for the other major sources of atmospheric CH Cl become available, the distinctive isotopic signature of plant-derived CH Cl should help constrain the contribution to the atmospheric burden from this source.
	pubs.acs.org /cgi-bin/abstract.cgi/esthag/2001/35/i18/abs/es0106467.html (238 words)

	Methyl Chloride (Chloromethane) \| Technology Transfer Network Air Toxics Web site \| US EPA
		Hazard Summary-Created in April 1992; Revised in January 2000
		EPA has classified methyl chloride as a Group D carcinogen (not classifiable as to human carcinogenicity).
		Please Note: The main source of information for this fact sheet is the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry's (ATSDR's) Toxicological Profile for Chloromethane.
	www.epa.gov /ttn/atw/hlthef/methylch.html (1320 words)

	Chloromethane sulfonamide - toxicity, ecologicial toxicity and regulatory information
		Chloromethane sulfonamide - toxicity, ecologicial toxicity and regulatory information
		Water Pollution Potential and Criteria for Chloromethane sulfonamide
		Sorry, no water quality standards or criteria have been established for this chemical by the U.S. or Canadian governments; however, there may be criteria established for related chemicals.
	www.pesticideinfo.org /Detail_Chemical.jsp?Rec_Id=AQ6473 (312 words)

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