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Topic: Chmielnicki Uprising

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	The Cossack Uprising Jacek Wypych
		Chmielnicki marched to the Upper Dnieper and met the main force of the Polish army at Korsun.
		Chmielnicki besieged the fortress and began harassing the city with frequent bombardments and attacks.
		Chmielnicki had known that Ukraine was independent only as long as she fought — so he kept her fighting as long as he lived.
	econc10.bu.edu /economic_systems/NatIdentity/FSU/Ukraine/cossack_uprising.htm (1321 words)

	Chmielnicki Uprising (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		'''Chmielnicki Uprising''' or Chmielnicki Rebellion is the name of a civil war in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the years 1648–1654.
		Although Khmelnytsky's personal resentment influenced his decision to rid Ukraine of Polish and Ruthenian magnates and Jews, it seems that his ambition to become the ruler of Ukraine was the main motive that led him to instigate an Uprising of the Ruthenian people against them, known after him as the Chmielnicki Uprising.
		Ukraine was still perilously weak, and in 1654 Khmelnytsky persuaded the Cossacks to ally with the Russian tsar in the highly controversial Treaty of Pereyaslav which led to incorporation of the Ukraine into Muscovy.
	chmielnicki-uprising.iqnaut.net (514 words)

	YourArt.com >> Encyclopedia >> rebellion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		For example, the Boxer Rebellion was an uprising against Western commercial and political influence in China during the final years of the 19th century, and the Jacobite Risings which attempted to restore the deposed Stuart kings to the thrones of England and Scotland were called the Jacobite Rebellions by the government.
		A violent rebellion is sometimes referred to as an insurgency while a larger one may escalate into a civil war.
		Chmielnicki uprising in the Ukraine - 1670 - 1671
	www.yourart.com /research/encyclopedia.cgi?subject=/rebellion (715 words)

	This week in Jewish history
		Assuming the title of Hetman, or Captain, Chmielnicki allied himself with his former adversaries, the Tartars, then launched a revolt against the Polish nobility, routing 8000 soldiers of the Polish army.
		Celebrated by the peasants and serfs as a hero and savior, Chmielnicki incited a peasant rebellion against the nobles.
		A wave of massacres broke across Poland as the Cossacks drove the uprising from town to town and subjected their victims to almost unimaginable brutality.
	www.jewishworldreview.com /jewish/jhistory4.php3?printer_friendly (1083 words)

	Cossack Rebellion under Daniel Chmelnicki, 1648-1655
		In 1648 Chmielnicki, for the Zaporozhe Cossacks, recognized the sovereignty of the Czars of Russia; the Cossack Rebellion thus turned into the Russo-Polish War.
		Chmielnicki probably was the greatest leader in Cossack history.
		His position therefore was more precarious than that of his Polish counterparts, and the size of the rebellion is at least to the same amount to be credited to the circumstances which caused the Cossacks to rebel than to Chmielnicki's charismatic leadership.
	www.zum.de /whkmla/military/17cen/cossackreb.html (375 words)

	Cossack - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Waning loyalty of the Cossacks and the szlachta's arrogance towards them resulted in several Cossack uprisings against the Commonwealth in the early 17th century.
		The largest of these was the Chmielnicki Uprising, which together with The Deluge is considered to be one of the events which brought an end to the Golden Age of the Commonwealth.
		This uprising freed Cossacks from the Commonwealth sphere of influence, only to make them servants of the Russian Empire after the treaties of Pereyaslav and Andrusiv.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Cossacks (1749 words)

	Bohdan Khmelnytsky - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Bohdan Zynovii Mykhailovych Khmel'nyts'kyi (Богдан Зиновій Михайлович Хмельницький in Ukrainian, commonly transliterated as Khmelnytsky; known in Polish as Bohdan Zenobi Chmielnicki; in Russian as Богда́н Хмельни́цкий (Bogdan Khmel'nitsky)) (c.
		"Bohdan Chmielnicki with Toğay bey (Tugay Bey, Tuhaj Bej) at Lwów", oil on canvas by Jan Matejko, 1885, National Museum in Warsaw.
		Although Khmelnytsky's personal resentment influenced his ultimate decision to rid Ukraine of Polish domination, it seems that his ambition to secure the Nobles' privileges and the Cossacks' independence, was the main motive that led him to instigate an uprising of the Ruthenian people against them, known after him as the Khmelnytsky Uprising.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bohdan_Chmielnicki (1024 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Chmielnicki,
		Chmielnicki, Bohdan CHMIELNICKI, BOHDAN [Chmielnicki, Bohdan], c.1595-1657, hetman (leader) of Ukraine.
		The turbulent period of his reign is known in Polish history as the Deluge.
		The uprising of the Cossacks under Chmielnicki, supported by the khan of
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Chmielnicki, (465 words)

	Olyka - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		In second half of the 16th century the town became one of the most important centres of Calvinism in Poland.
		Its' growth was halted by the Chmielnicki Uprising of 1648, during which the town was captured by Cossacks, plundered and burnt.
		However, it was soon rebuilt and in 1654 it received the city rights.
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/Olyka (380 words)

	Battle of Yellow Waters 1648 - Zloty Woda
		Chmielnicki, after reaching Yellow Waters, left the majority of the army to face young Potocki ‘s force, and led the rest toward Krzyczewski at Kamienic Zaton.
		Chmielnicki, as a condition of safe passage, required turning over the whole of the artillery into the hands of the Cossacks.
		The last assault against the fortified camp of Polish troops occurred on 15 may. The Poles again held off the attack, but they were already at the end of their strength.
	www.kismeta.com /diGrasse/YellowWaters.htm (2151 words)

	Chmielnicki Uprising info here at en.my-widgets.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Khmelnytsky Uprising (also Chmielnicki Uprising or Chmielnicki Rebellion) is the name of a civil war in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the years 1648â“1654.
		Although Khmelnytsky's personal resentment influenced his decision to rid Ukraine of Polish and Ruthenian magnates and Jews, it seems that his ambition to become the ruler of Ukraine was the main motive that led him to instigate an uprising of the Ruthenian people against them, known after him as the Khmelnytskyi Uprising.
		Between 1648 and 1656, tens of thousands of Jewsâ”given the lack of reliable data, it is impossible to establish more accurate figuresâ”were killed by the rebels, and to this day the Khmelnytsky uprising is considered by Jews to be one of the most traumatic events in their history.
	en.my-widgets.com /Chmielnicki_Uprising (1248 words)

	Paradox Interactive Forums - AGC/EEP Cossacks Uprising/Ukraine
		Although Chmielnicki's demadns were high, polish Seym was more than happy to sign it.
		During the years of wars, all Polish institutions in the provinces of Kiev, Braclav, Popol, and Chihiryn were abolished and all Polish rule over those lands ceased.
		They had support from the Khan of Crimea in the early stages, but he betrayed the Ukrainians later on allying with Poland (his goal was to weaken both Poland and Ukraine)...
	www.europa-universalis.com /forum/printthread.php?t=105163 (3947 words)

	AllEmpires - The Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth (Full) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		On 28-30 VI 1652 Chmielnicki was defeated at Beresteczko (130 000 Cossack and Tatars against polish forces of about 70 000 soldiers and nobles insurrection) and started looking for assistance from Russia.
		Russia took advantage of Chmielnicki uprising and his submission to Tzar at Perejeslaw in 1654 and attacked Poland/stepped out/ against Poland.
		When Bohdan Chmielnicki died in 1657 John Wyhowski, the temporary hetman, proceeded immediately to arrange for a return of the Cossacks to Polish sovereignty.
	www.allempires.com /empires/polish_lit_full/polish_lit2.htm (3005 words)

	Ø Wilson's Almanac free daily ezine \| Book of Days \| November 2 \| All Souls Day Solemnity Marie Antoinette ...
		Chmielnicki was born in Chigirin, in the Ukraine, and educated by Jesuits.
		However, unlike many of their other pupils, Chmielnicki did not embrace Roman Catholicism, but early in life became a champion of the Greek Orthodox faith, to which most of the Cossacks and the Little-Russian peasants belonged.
		In August, 1649, after a series of battles unfavourable to the Poles, a treaty of peace was concluded at Zborowo, between John Casimir and Chmielnicki, with a clause forbidding the Jews to live in the Ukraine.
	www.wilsonsalmanac.com /book/nov2.html (3244 words)

	With Fire and Sword
		But others say that Czaplinski will get Chmielnicki, who stole the King's letters urging the Cossacks to revolt against noblemen that might set the Ukraine on fire.
		Czaplinski is mad when he learns that the Lieutenant saved Chmielnicki and killed many of Czaplinski's men and the Lieutenant has to throw him out of the bar.
		First they are slaughtered by pistol and rifle fire and then, the next day, after a rain, they get bogged down in the mud and are slaughtered.
	www.vernonjohns.org /snuffy1186/withfire.html (1732 words)

	Khmelnytsky Uprising - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Commonwealth population losses in the Uprising were over one million citizens killed.
		The death tolls of the Khmelnytskyi uprising, as many others from the era of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, vary.
		Weinryb cites the calculations of S. Ettinger indicating that about 50,000 Jews lived in the area where the uprising occurred.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Chmielnicki_Uprising (1085 words)

	The Shtejtl
		In the 17th century, during the Uprising of Bogdan Chmielnicki about 90% of the Jews in Podhaitse were killed.
		They survived the killing by the hoards of Ukrainians during the Uprising of Chmielnicki, the persecution by the Turkish Ottoman Army, the rapes and killing by the Cossacks.
		I believe that the most important factors that helped the Jews to survive was poverty and.
	www.kimel.net /shtejtl.html (1611 words)

	PolishJews.org - The Polish Jews Home Page
		The role played in the 18th century by Jewish lease holders in the Polish magnates' colonial policy turned the anger of the local populace, as was the case during Bohdan Chmielnicki's uprising, against both the Polish gentry and Jews generally.
		In 1768, during a peasant rebellion called kolisczyzna, which was organized under the slogans of "winning independence" and defense of the Russian Orthodox religion, in Humari and several other Ukrainian cities several thousand gentry and several tens of thousand Jews were murdered.
		The military engineer Jezue Moszkowicz of Kazimierz near Krakow, who in 1664 served in the Polish army, saved heavy mortars and other weapons from being sunk during the war against Russia.
	polishjews.org /history4.htm (2856 words)

	History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		In the 16th Century, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth began to spread its influence and attempted to make the Zaporozhian Cossacks into serfs.
		Chmielnicki Uprising which allowed the Cossacks to shake off their ties to the commonwealth while at the same time increasing Russian influence.
		Under Russian Imperial rule, the Cossack's were utilized to patrol the borders and to conquer new lands.
	webpages.acs.ttu.edu /jasspive/history.htm (380 words)

	Bohdan Khmelnytsky - Article from FactBug.org - the fast Wikipedia mirror site
		Main article: Chmielnicki Uprising ", oil on canvas by Jan Matejko, 1885, National Museum in Warsaw.
		This book was written with a clearly stated intent of raising the national spirit in partitioned Poland, and shows the story of Khmelnytsky and the Cossacks from the point of view of the Polish nobles (szlachta), thus glorifying the Polish side while vilifying the rebels.
		Khmelnytsky, Bohdan Chmielnicki, Bohdan Khmelnytsky, Bohdan Khmelnytsky, Bohdan
	www.factbug.org /cgi-bin/a.cgi?a=4980 (800 words)

	Khmelnytsky Uprising info here at en.my-widgets.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		These are Khmelnytsky Uprising questions of concern to all gardeners but is there a real Khmelnytsky Uprising?
		Book Review: The History of the Jews in Russia and Poland Dubnowâs descriptions of the anti-Semitic foundations of the 1648-58 Khmelnytsky Uprising are especially harrowing.
		While itâs true that the Ukrainians came to detest Nazi rule, it does seem that there is something inherently anti-Semitic in the Ukrainian national character, right from the very founding of the nation during the Khmelnytsky Uprising...
	en.my-widgets.com /Khmelnytsky_Uprising (1229 words)

	Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Other revival movements appeared during the January Uprising (1863-1864) and in the 1920s, when Józef Pi&322;sudski advanced the concept of a federation of Mi&281;dzymorze (translatable as "Tween-Seas").
		Moreover, the decades of peace brought huge colonization efforts to Ukraine, heightening the tensions among peasants, Jews and nobles.
		The tensions were aggravated by conflicts between Eastern Orthodoxy and the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church following the Union of Brest, and by several Cossack uprisings.
	polish-lithuanian-commonwealth.iqnaut.net (4431 words)

	1650 to 1675
		- During the Bogdan Chmielnicki uprising against the Poles in the Ukraine, the Jews of the Ukraine were made a special target.
		In the course of the uprising 100,000 Jews were killed throughout the Ukraine.
		France and Spain reach a peace accord called the Peace of Pyrenees.
	www.multied.com /dates/1650ad.html (1052 words)

	Who's your favourite historical figure? - Military Photos
		Due to his military skills Dunkirk was taken by assault within 2 days.
		He is famous for his uprising against the exploiters of Ukraine.
		" Bohdan Chmielnicki with Tugay Bey (Tuhaj Bej) at Lwów", oil on canvas by Jan Matejko, 1885, National Museum in Warsaw.
	www.militaryphotos.net /forums/showthread.php?t=64002 (1310 words)

	[No title]
		Some of the worst violence inflicted upon Jews in Europe took place in Ukraine.
		Thousands died during the Chmielnicki uprising of 1648.
		Great loss of Jewish life and property resulted from the pogroms perpetrated by Czarist Russia and during the Polish-Russian war following World War I. During the 1920s and 1930s, the Soviet government allowed JDC to train Jewish workers who were being resettled on collective farms in Ukraine.
	www.jdc.org /p_fsu_uk_history.html (337 words)

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