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Topic: Cholecystokinin receptor

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Cholecystokinin receptor

G protein coupled receptors

receptor biochemistry

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acetylcholine receptor

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	BioMed Central \| Full text \| Oxytocin and cholecystokinin secretion in women with colectomy
		The gut hormone cholecystokinin (CCK) is synthesised in endocrine I cells in the mucosa of the upper small intestine [1] and is released into the blood after ingestion of fatty and protein-rich meals [2].
		CCK acts on receptors on afferent vagal nerves to stimulate the oxytocin release from the pituarity [12], and these receptors are present throughout the GI tract [3-5].
		Receptors for PYY have been found in the kidney and on hepatocytes, and PYY influences the renal and hepatocyte metabolism [32-34].
	www.biomedcentral.com /1471-230X/4/25 (3535 words)

	G.D. Kotzalidis, R. Brugnoli, V. Orlandi, M. Donnini, A. Parmegiani, P. Pancheri - Vol. 7, Settembre 2001, num.3 - ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Post-swim grooming in mice inhibited by dopamine receptor antagonists and by cannabinoids.
		Modification of 5-HT2 receptor mediated behaviour in the rat by oleamide and the role of cannabinoid receptors.
		On the significance of cholecystokinin receptors in panic disorder.
	sopsi.archicoop.it /rivista/2001/vol7-3/kot_bib.htm (6793 words)

	The cholecystokinin-A receptor mediates inhibition of food intake yet is not essential for the maintenance of body ...
		cholecystokinin is mediated by the CCK-A receptor (CCK-AR) (7-9).
		Absence of the CCK-A receptor in homozygous knockout mice.
		Weatherford, S.C., Chiruzzo, F.Y., and Laughton, W.B. Satiety induced by endogenous and exogenous cholecystokinin is mediated by CCK-A receptors in mice.
	www.jci.org /cgi/content/full/103/3/383 (6041 words)

	Cholecystokinin and Anxiety -- Neurotransmitter.net (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Cholecystokinin (CCK) is a major neurotransmitter in the PAG and CCK receptors are heterogeneously distributed within the PAG.
		Correlatively, the concentration of cholecystokinin tetrapeptide (CCK-4) was increased in the olfactory bulb, frontal and central cortex, dorsal and ventral striatum, central amygdala and the nucleus of the solitary tract.
		Supraspinal neurotensin-induced antianalgesia in mice is mediated by spinal cholecystokinin.
	www.neurotransmitter.net /cholecystokinin.html (17236 words)

	Mental and Emotional Health: References: Panic disorder
		Bradwejn J, Koszycki D, Couëtoux du Tetre A, van Megen H, den Boer J, Westenberg, Annable L (1994) The panicogenic effects of cholecystokinin-tetrapeptide are antagonized by L-365,260, a central cholecystokinin receptor antagonist, in patients with panic disorder.
		The panicogenic effects of cholecystokinin-tetrapeptide are antagonized by L-365,260, a central cholecystokinin receptor antagonist, in patients with panic disorder.
		Cholecystokinin in the nucleus of the solitary tract of the rat: Evidence for its vagal origin.
	www.queendom.com /articles/mentalhealth/ref_pd.html (8379 words)

	Tripeptidyl Peptidase II & Cholecystokinin -- Neurotransmitter.net (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Extensive codistribution of cholecystokinin mRNA and tyrosine hydroxylase [L-tyrosine, tetrahydropteridine: oxygen oxidoreductase (3-hydroxylating), EC 1.14.16.2] mRNA was observed in cats and monkeys as well as in all five human subjects with the diagnosis of schizophrenia and in two out of five control brains.
		The second situation corresponds to cholecystokinin neuronal populations containing tripeptidyl peptidase II-like immunoreactivity, as in neurons of the supraoptic or paraventricular nuclei, axons in the median eminence or nigral neurons.
		It was mainly associated with the cytoplasm of neuronal somata and dendrites, often in the vicinity of reticulum cisternae, Golgi apparatus or vesicles, and with the inner side of the dendritic plasma membrane.
	www.neurotransmitter.net /tpp2.html (10389 words)

	Kuntz E, et al. Cholecystokinin Octapeptide: A Potential Growth Factor for Pancreatic Beta Cells in Diabetic Rats. JOP. ...
		Cholecystokinin (CCK) is known to induce growth of the exocrine pancreas and to stimulate insulin secretion.
		CCK-A receptors have been recognized by immunohistochemistry in insulin and glucagon cells in rat, pig and human pancreata but not in somatostatin cells [11].
		Stimulatory effects of cholecystokinin on isolated perifused islets inhibited by potent and specific antagonist L 364718.
	www.joplink.net /prev/200411/02.html (5761 words)

	Cholecystokinin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		High affinity CCK receptors are divided in two main subtypes: the CCK-A (A for (A for "alimentary") and the CCK-B (B for "brain") receptors.
		Since CCK is involved in many different biological processes such as gut function, digestive processes, control of feeding behaviour and neurotransmitter release, the therapeutical potential of cholecystokinin receptor ligands seems to be extremely broad and promising.
		Several families of CCK receptor ligands (peptides, peptidomimetics, peptoids or non-peptides) were prepared during the last twenty years.
	www.biopsychiatry.com /cholecystokinin.html (181 words)

	CENTRAL INHIBITORY DYSFUNCTIONS: MECHANISMS AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
		The reduction of opioid receptors seems to be correlated to the degree of deafferentation, rhizotomy > sciatic nerve section > constriction nerve injury (Besse at al., 1992).
		CCK receptors have been found to be heterogeneous, in rodents the CCK-A receptor has been found primarily in peripheral tissue and the CCK-B receptor in the CNS (Moran et al., 1986).
		Faris, P.L., Komisaruk, B.R., Watkins, L.R. and Mayer, D.J. (1983) Evidence for the neuropeptide cholecystokinin as an antagonist of opiate analgesia.
	www.bbsonline.org /documents/a/00/00/04/62/bbs00000462-00/bbs.neur5.wiesenfeld.html (6720 words)

	I. CCK receptors: an exemplary family -- Wank 274 (4): 607 -- AJP - Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology
		Roles of cholecystokinin receptor phosphorylation in agonist stimulated desensitization of pancreatic acinar cells and receptor-bearing Chinese hamster ovary cholecystokinin receptor cells.
		mediates cholecystokinin activation of the cationic conductance in rat substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons.
		First intracellular loop of the human cholecystokinin-A receptor is essential for cyclic AMP signaling in transfected HEK-293 cells.
	ajpgi.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/274/4/G607 (3989 words)

	Kopin Laboratory Research Focus and Highlights (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Ongoing efforts in the Kopin Laboratory have focused on the family of cholecystokinin/ gastrin receptors as a model system to understand molecular mechanisms and physiology underlying the function of class I G-protein coupled receptors.
		The mammalian cholecystokinin receptor (CCK-R) family is comprised of two subtypes, CCK-1R (also known as the CCK-A receptor) and CCK-2R (also known as the CCK-B/gastrin receptor).
		In addition, parallel studies have mapped the intracellular domains of the receptor which are critical for second messenger signaling.
	www.nemc.org /mcri/MPRC/MPRCfocuskopin.htm (511 words)

	ANNALS ONLINE -- Table of Contents (March 1994, 713)
		Rat pancreatic nucleoside diphosphate kinase, a novel regulator of cholecystokinin receptor affinity.
		The CCKA receptor antagonist SR 27897 differentially influences the activity of A9 and A10 dopaminergic neurons in the rat
		Cholecystokinin receptor subtypes regulate dopamine D2 receptors in rat neostriatal membranes.
	www.annalsnyas.org /content/vol713/issue1 (1611 words)

	Cholecystokinin and the delta-opioid receptors (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		In the present in vivo microdialysis study, the morphine-induced release of cholecystokinin-like immunoreactivity (CCK-LI) in the dorsal horn was completely blocked by the delta-opioid antagonist naltrindole (10 microM in the perfusion fluid).
		Peripheral nerve lesions have previously been shown to down-regulate mu- and delta-opioid receptors in the dorsal horn, to increase the gene-expression of CCK and CCK-receptor mRNA in dorsal root ganglion neurons and to alter the potassium-induced spinal CCK-LI release.
		The present data indicate that the delta-opioid receptor mediates morphine-induced CCK-LI release in the spinal cord.
	www.opioids.com /cholecystokinin/choldeltareg.html (291 words)

	Tramadol, buy tramadol, antibiotics, Weight Loss drugs, weight loss herbs, weight loss herbal formula, hair loss, hair ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		RATIONALE: Cholecystokinin and its analogs generate anxiety in humans and measurable anxiety-like behaviors in rats.
		Cholecystokinin receptor blockers have been reported to have variable effects in the treatment of anxiety disorders.
		Basal endogenous levels of Cholecystokinin, as well as exogenous dosage of Cholecystokinin agonists and/or anxiolytic agents, appear to play an important role in the expression and/or control of anxiety-related behaviors in rats.
	www.darwinpharmacy.com /ref-anxiety-007/anxiety-007-research-abs3.11.html (820 words)

	Molecular Pharmacology Research Center Publications (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Beinborn, M., Quinn, S.M., and Kopin, A.S., Minor modifications of a CCK-B/gastrin receptor non-peptide antagonist confer a broad spectrum of functional properties J. Biol.
		Kopin, A.S., McBride, E.W., Schaffer, K., Beinborn, M. CCK receptor polymorphisms: an illustration of emerging themes in pharmacogenomics.
		Ligand function at constitutively active receptor mutants is affected by two distinct yet interacting mechanisms.
	www.nemc.org /mcri/MPRC/MPRClabpub.htm (620 words)

	Erowid Opiates Vaults : Tolerance, Addiction, and Effective Pain Management, by K. Trout
		Another interesting comment was made by Karl Jansen (2001) concerning the administration of small oral doses of ketamine being found to be of use in chronic pain clinic for “greatly reducing” the development of tolerance (via blockade of NMDA receptors).
		The chronic administration of opiates, or spinal cord and other CNS injuries, elevates the level of Cholecystokinin (CCK) that is present.
		“The CCK-B receptor antagonist CI 988 reverses tolerance to morphine in rats.”
	www.erowid.org /chemicals/opiates/opiates_info3.shtml (2864 words)

	Model for the regulation of energy balance and adiposity by the central nervous system -- Schwartz et al. 69 (4): 584 ...
		Short-term, situational, and meal-related signals originate from various internal sources [eg, cholecystokinin secretion from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract], from the environment (eg, food-related cues), and from higher centers (eg, emotional and cognitive factors).
		Although short-term signals are major determinants of the size and timing of individual meals, their effect on fat stores is limited by the long-term regulation of energy homeostasis.
		Antagonism of central melanocortin receptors in vitro and in vivo by agouti-related protein.
	www.ajcn.org /cgi/content/full/69/4/584 (7944 words)

	Cholecystokinin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Behavioral and neurochemical study on the role of the brain cholecystokinin system in anxiety
		n order to elucidate the involvement of cholecystokinin (CCK) in the regulation of anxiety, the author examined the effects of the selective non-peptide CCKB receptor antagonist LY288513 on freezing behavior induced by conditioned fear stress, an animal model of anxiety.
		Furthermore, it is possible that the CCK neurons in the amygdala are also associated with anxiety.
	www.biopsychiatry.com /cckanx.html (281 words)

	Cholecystokinin-dopamine coexistence: electrophysiological actions corresponding to cholecystokinin receptor subtype -- ...
		Cholecystokinin-dopamine coexistence: electrophysiological actions corresponding to cholecystokinin receptor subtype -- Hommer et al.
		Cholecystokinin-dopamine coexistence: electrophysiological actions corresponding to cholecystokinin receptor subtype
		Electrical Stimulation of the Prefrontal Cortex Increases Cholecystokinin, Glutamate, and Dopamine Release in the Nucleus Accumbens: an In Vivo Microdialysis Study in Freely Moving Rats
	www.jneurosci.org /cgi/content/abstract/6/10/3039?ijkey=y7BEUAWOpF9EE (255 words)

	Alexa488-labeled 192-IgG Refs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Harikumar KG, Pinon DI, Wessels WS, Prendergast FG, Miller LJ (2002) Environment and mobility of a series of fluorescent reporters at the amino terminus of structurally related peptide agonists and antagonists bound to the cholecystokinin receptor.
		Bennett VJ, Simmons MA (2001) Analysis of fluorescently labeled substance P analogs: binding, imaging and receptor activation.
		Salhany JM, Cordes KS, Sloan RL (2001) Characterization of immunoglobulin binding to isolated human erythrocyte membranes: evidence for selective, temperature-induced binding of naturally occurring autoantibodies to the cytoskeleton.
	www.atsbio.com /reference/fl03.html (81 words)

	Biomarkers of satiation and satiety -- de Graaf et al. 79 (6): 946 -- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
		for the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (184) and therefore
		PYY is released primarily from the distal gastrointestinal tract,
		ie, the colon, and acts as an agonist (stimulator) on the Y2 receptor in the hypothalamus.
	www.ajcn.org /cgi/content/full/79/6/946 (9505 words)

	Inter- and intraspecies polymorphisms in the cholecystokinin-B/gastrin receptor alter drug efficacy -- Kopin et al. 94 ...
		Inter- and intraspecies polymorphisms in the cholecystokinin-B/gastrin receptor alter drug efficacy -- Kopin et al.
		acids of cholecystokinin (12), and are thus considered "peptoid"
		L were replaced with the corresponding mouse residues, L and V, respectively, using site-directed mutagenesis.
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/94/20/11043 (3175 words)

	International Union of Pharmacology. XXI. Structure, Distribution, and Functions of Cholecystokinin Receptors -- Noble ...
		Structure, Distribution, and Functions of Cholecystokinin Receptors -- Noble et al.
		Identification of Tyrosine 189 and Asparagine 358 of the Cholecystokinin 2 Receptor in Direct Interaction with the Crucial C-Terminal Amide of Cholecystokinin by Molecular Modeling, Site-Directed Mutagenesis, and Structure/Affinity Studies
		Cholecystokinin Stimulates Aldosterone Secretion from Dispersed Rat Zona Glomerulosa Cells, Acting Through Cholecystokinin Receptors 1 and 2 Coupled with the Adenylate Cyclase-Dependent Cascade
	pharmrev.aspetjournals.org /cgi/content/abstract/51/4/745 (937 words)

	Energy Metabolism and Turnover Are Increased in Mice Lacking the Cholecystokinin-B Receptor -- Miyasaka et al. 132 (4): ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Energy Metabolism and Turnover Are Increased in Mice Lacking the Cholecystokinin-B Receptor -- Miyasaka et al.
		Energy Metabolism and Turnover Are Increased in Mice Lacking the Cholecystokinin-B Receptor
		Absence of the cholecystokinin-A receptor deteriorates homeostasis of body temperature in response to changes in ambient temperature
	www.nutrition.org /cgi/content/abstract/132/4/739 (246 words)

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