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Topic: Cholera Riots

	List of riots - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Deadliest riots in world history, with an estimated 30,000 killed in the Hippodrome.
		Student riot leads to closing of university for 2 years.
		Riots and civil unrest in the United States
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/List_of_riots (2165 words)

	The Tenement Encyclopedia \| Tenement Museum
		When New York City was struck by epidemic cholera in 1832, ordinary citizens pointed to the prevalence of sinful behavior, as the cause of this latest malady.
		Lacking a specific cause, cholera, like other diseases, was an influence in the atmosphere that threatened with death only those who had somehow weakened themselves through wicked and immoral deeds.
		But cholera in 1832 was not only a disease that afflicted the sinner, it was also one that struck the poor in disproportionate numbers.
	www.tenement.org /encyclopedia/diseases_cholera.htm (1911 words)

	Cholera: essential data
		Cholera is an acute disease of the gastrointestinal system (digestive tract) of man. There is a sudden onset with nausea, vomiting, profuse watery diarrhea, rapid loss of body fluids, electrolyte imbalance, toxemia, and collapse.
		cholera does not support the replication of plasmids and that it is therefore unlikely that antibiotic resistance will be a problem in the event of its use as a biological weapon.
		Cholera was first seen to infect humans in 1817 in the Ganges delta of Bengal where abundant organic material in the brackish waters of the delta that came from the burgeoning city of Calcutta allowed it to flourish.
	www.cbwinfo.com /Biological/Pathogens/VC.html (1447 words)

	Lavish: "I like puns" -- branflakes: "Ponies?" -- Lavish "No, puns!" ---- Overheard at Board Party
		Cholera is generally a disease spread by poor sanitation, resulting in contaminated water supplies.
		Cholera was originally endemic to the Indian subcontinent, but spread by trade routes (land and sea) to Russia, then to Western Europe, and from Europe to North America.
		Cholera was a rare disease, as far as we know, confined to the Ganges delta in India before the 1800s, when it became the world's first truly global disease in a series of epidemics.
	theboard.byu.edu /index.php?area=viewall&id=21438 (773 words)

	The history of homeopathy in the Russian Empire - Alexander Kotok, M.D.
		The statistics dealing with homeopathic treatment of cholera in Russia during the epidemic of 1830, were received both from the landlords who treated their peasants with homeopathic medicines and from homeopathic physicians.
		While the cholera is killing a lot of people, there has been a struggle between the old medicine and the new one, and the former [i.e., allopathy] has made all efforts to stop the successes of the latter [i.e., homeopathy].
		Although the cholera is violent, the intrigues of doctors of the old school - powerful, as their number prevails - have not allowed the delivery of homeopathic medicines.
	www.homeoint.org /books4/kotok/1220.htm (1910 words)

	BBC - Radio 4 The Long View - Cholera outbreak in 19th Century Britain.
		While some blame cholera on miasma - a harmful atmosphere created, perhaps, by climactic conditions and resulting in a bad air which infects the lungs - other doctors and surgeons, including Kell, blame cholera on contagion caused by dirty and overcrowded living conditions.
		Cholera spreads across the country and 32,000 die in Britain, the result of a global pandemic which kills millions.
		Although cholera fatalities never approach the levels of TB or dysentery, the disease is particularly terrifying to the British because of its novelty, rapid onset and gruesome symptoms The disease returns three times - in the pandemics of the late 1840s, mid 50s and mid 60s - but never again reaches epidemic proportions in Britain.
	www.bbc.co.uk /radio4/history/longview/longview_20030415.shtml (1506 words)

	Naples in the Time of Cholera, 1884¿1911 - Cambridge University Press (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		This is a medical and social history of Italy's largest city during the cholera epidemics of 1884 and 1910 11.
		Cholera also became a metaphor for discontent with the regime: the 1884 outbreak was a national issue which led to the rebuilding of the city amidst widespread corruption.
		The book sets Naples in a comparative international framework; the disease is also related to larger historical issues, such as the nature of liberal statecraft, the 'Southern Question', mass emigration, organised crime, urban renewal, and the medical profession.
	www.cambridge.org /catalogue/print.asp?isbn=0521893860&print=y (154 words)

	Plagues & Epidemics
		In the 19th century cholera became the world's first truly global disease in a series of epidemics that proved to be a watershed for the history of plumbing.
		Cholera sailed from port to port, the germ making headway in contaminated kegs of water or in the excrement of infected victims, and transmitted by travelers.
		When the cholera epidemic first hit Paris, there were so few deaths outside of the lower classes, that the poor regarded the cholera epidemic as a poison plot hatched by the aristocracy and executed by the doctors.
	www.theplumber.com /plague.html (4455 words)

	GENUKI: Cholera in Wales
		Asiatic cholera is a specific infectious disease of high mortality, characterized clinically by violent vomiting and purging leading rapidly to collapse, the choleraic stools having a typical appearance that is generally described as 'rice-water'-a term that well-illustrates their colour and consistency.
		The local papers were curiously reticent about reporting the cases of cholera that were occurring in parts of North Wales at this time, but this may have been a studied oversight in view of the visit of the Princess Charlotte and her daughter, the future Queen Victoria, to Anglesey during August.
		The cholera of 1831-2 taught the lesson of the great need for sanitary reform, and among the recommendations of the Poor Law Commission---itself one of the first fruits of the Reform Act of 1832---was for the establishment of a Royal Commission to enquire into the state of towns in the kingdom.
	www.genuki.org.uk /big/wal/Cholera.html (9690 words)

	Cholera Crisis In South Africa - CBS News
		The cholera epidemic is South Africa's worst since the early 1980s, when more than 105,400 people contracted the highly contagious waterborne disease over a four-year period.
		There were riots last Tuesday when hundreds of squatters in Alexandra, a Johannesburg township, fought with police who came to evict some 3,000 people out of shacks in their shanty town.
		Cholera, which causes severe diarrhea, can only be controlled by providing rural residents with clean drinking water and sanitation, the World Health Organization has said.
	www.cbsnews.com /stories/2001/02/18/world/main272955.shtml (458 words)

	sBMJ
		Cholera first came to England from India in the 1830s, bringing with it a new fear of disease.
		As a result the cholera riots--attacks on doctors and their homes--occurred during the 1830s.
		In 1854 the London anaesthetist John Snow (1813-58) discovered cholera was in fact spread via water as a result of his work at the Broad Street pump, which helped pave the way for public health and sanitation improvements.
	www.studentbmj.com /back_issues/0902/education/317.html (1467 words)

	BBC News \| World \| 'Drastic measures needed' to fight cholera
		Cholera is common this time of year in Africa, when the rains mix with human waste which is washed into drinking water supply.
		The WHO reported 61,534 cases of cholera with 2,687 deaths in East Africa since January, most of which have occurred in recent months.
		The cholera bacteria enters the body via the mouth, usually in contaminated water or foods.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/low/world/41087.stm (404 words)

	Victory in Sight -- Part 1
		about cholera, it took a generation for his ideas to be accepted.
		The cholera explosion in the child farm at Tooting in the
		I allude to the mixture of the cholera evacuations with the water
	www.ph.ucla.edu /epi/snow/victory_1.html (1670 words)

	Murder in New York City
		New York has lived through a revolution and then enemy occupation, many riots, a draining of young men for a highly unpopular civil war, massive immigration from abroad and from the countryside, extraordinary growth, crowding and poverty, the disruption of two foreign wars, and a crushing national depression.
		Seven of the major riots occurred during times of high or rising violence rates and only three during eras of low or declining violence.
		Because most riots have a rational explanation, it is assumed that the rioters who do violence are rationally motivated but take their political or protest actions to an unusual level of violence.
	www.ucpress.edu /books/pages/8819/8819.ch01.html (5798 words)

	Draft Riots
		Even in the midst of the riots, newspapers continued to call the draft unconstitutional, calling for an examination by the courts and full suspension of the draft.
		A riot, or disturbance, is the thief's opportunity, and he is sure to take advantage of it.
		Whenever there are the slightest premonitions of a riot, an once of prevention is worth more than a ton of cure in the shape of clubs or bullets.
	www.irishinnyc.freeservers.com /shopping_page.html (20428 words)

	Medscape MEDLINE search: Riots
		The Liverpool cholera epidemic of 1832 and anatomical dissection--medical mistrust and civil unrest.
		The Newark, New Jersey, riot of 1967, sparked in part by tensions created by the conflicting emphasis of President Lyndon Johnson's Model Cities Program, community action programs, and the New Jersey state medical school's move to Newark's Central Ward, has profoundly affected the medical school and its delivery of medical care in Newark.
		The politics of underdevelopment: metered to death-how a water experiment caused riots and a cholera epidemic.
	search.medscape.com /uslclient/searchMedline.do?queryText=Riots (847 words)

	Rare Books - Important Acquisitions - National Library of Scotland
		The publisher regarded cholera as an opportunity for people to repent of their sins and also noted the relatively large numbers suffering from intemperance who succumbed to the disease.
		Cholera had a huge impact on daily life - hawkers were unable to travel to the Highlands and weavers lost their jobs as there was no demand for their wares.
		The case of the Bishop of Ross, resident of the Queen of Scots, who was seized and committed to the Tower by Queen Elizabeth, for traiterous practices, and endevouring to raise a rebellion against her.
	www.nls.uk /collections/rarebooks/acquisitions/index.cfm?startRow=91&SORTBY=author (3278 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		People were terrified of cholera, which was a new and fatal disease in the nineteenth century.
		In Russia and France, people rioted, convinced that the doctors and the government were using the hospitals as a cover to murder the poor.
		There were also riots in Britain, where people believed that the doctors were dissecting the bodies of patients who died in cholera hospitals.
	www.pitt.edu /AFShome/s/u/super1/public/html/lecture/lec15561/029.htm (91 words)

	Rediff On The NeT: Tamil Nadu prisons, where riots are waiting to happen
		Whatever the cause, the prisoners are believed to have been provoked by the delay of the jail authorities in admitting the victim to the General Hospital, which happens to be situated very close by.
		The city police had a tough time handling the prison riot, what with the opposition parties in the state launching a 'Raj Bhavan march' elsewhere in the city later in the day.
		As may be recalled, the Justice S A Kader Commission, which went into the earlier prison riots in Madras in 1996, had given detailed recommendations on prison conditions and jail administration.
	www.rediff.com /news/1999/nov/17tn2.htm (553 words)

	The Liverpool Cholera Epidemic of 1832 and Anatomical Dissection--Medical Mistrust and Civil Unrest -- Burrell and Gill ...
		The Liverpool Cholera Epidemic of 1832 and Anatomical Dissection--Medical Mistrust and Civil Unrest -- Burrell and Gill 60 (4): 478 -- Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences
		The Liverpool Cholera Epidemic of 1832 and Anatomical Dissection—Medical Mistrust and Civil Unrest
		Riots of 1832 demonstrate the complex social responses to epidemic
	jhmas.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/short/60/4/478?rss=1 (366 words)

	The Head Heeb: The spark
		The rioting by Muslim youth that began Oct. 27 in France to calls of “Allahu Akbar” may be a turning point in European history.
		I note that I do not claim that the riot was religious in nature but only that Islamic preachers of hate are a necessary part of the mix and, in the end, the most important part so far as Europe's future, for reasons noted by Patrick Sookhdeo in his excellent article.
		The Urban riots that swept the Black American Ghettos of the late 1960s and the LA riot of 1992 are far better examples of what is going in France then a European Islamic Uprising.
	headheeb.blogmosis.com /archives/030556.html (6469 words)

	A Plague of Aliens (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		When cholera raged throughout Europe in the 19th century, those at the bottom of the social heap inevitably suffered more than did the rich from the effects of such crude defences against the disease as quarantines and cordons sanitaires.
		Rumours flourished that cholera was caused by a poison put about by the rich to rid themselves of a troublesome underclass.
		In India, cholera was said to be not a disease at all, but a campaign of poisoning rebellious subjects of British rule.
	www.magonia.demon.co.uk /arc/90/plague.html (4672 words)

	Providence Newspapers and the Racist Riots of 1824 and 1831
		Bawdy-house riots, in which the clientele of a bar or brothel gathered a crowd and knocked the house down to protest some offense, had been a tradition in other ports on both sides of the Atlantic throughout the previous century.
		America itself was plagued by "cholera morbus," rabies, and the presidency of Andrew Jackson, a despotic, dueling, drooling, drunken demagogue.
		Someone might want to inquire whether the members of the official committee which investigated the riots were the same people who were involved in the riots in any way, and whether there was any basis for the vague charges of conspiracy which circulated at the time.
	patriot.net /~crouch/artj/riot.html (7638 words)

	The Tribune, Chandigarh, India - Nation
		Victims of the 1984 anti-Sikh riots today urged the government to extend the last date for filling compensation claims since some of those affected had not been able to procure the forms yet.
		However, no epidemic of cholera had been declared as confirmatory tests were still being conducted, officials said.
		He urged the government to ensure that compensation reached all 1984 riot victims, irrespective of their state of residence and whether they had been given some compensation before.
	www.tribuneindia.com /2006/20060318/nation.htm (3425 words)

	The Maritime Heritage Project Ships, Captains, Passengers into San Francisco
		Some fragments of the lost steamship City of Glasgow, were seen by the master of a British vessel on the 12th inst., in lat.
		A terrible riot occurred at St. Louis on election day, which was occasioned by a fight between an Irishman and an American, in which the former stabbed the latter.
		Of the total number of cases, eight occurred at the Alms House and cholera Hospital, and seven proved fatal in these Institutions.
	www.maritimeheritage.org /PassLists/ct091454.html (1185 words)

	IRIN-WA Weekly 248 covering 23-29 October 2004 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Religious riots between Christians and Muslims erupted in the Liberian capital Monrovia on Thursday night and continued on Friday morning until UN peacekeeping troops restored order and the government imposed an indefinite curfew.
		Nearly 200 cases of cholera have been confirmed in the Senegalese capital Dakar since 11 October, but so far only two people have died, government doctors said on Friday.
		The two fatalities were both people who were in an advanced stage of the illness when they were brought to hospital in the early days of the outbreak, he told IRIN.
	www.irinnews.org /print.asp?ReportID=43936 (921 words)

	Swing Unmasked About the Book (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The result of the research has been the discovery that a much larger geographical area was effected with many more (67%) outbreaks of violence than earlier researchers had concluded.
		In British history, this period of "Swing Riot" was in fact the last mass rising of agricultural workers protesting against their pay and conditions.
		In addition to nine original essays on the Swing Riots, the book offers new work on the transportation of prisoners and also, as a bonus, fresh material on the cholera riots of the the time.
	www.fachrs.com /swing/swingbook.htm (241 words)

	WORLD BRIEFS - JAMAICAOBSERVER.COM
		YAOUNDE, Cameroon (AP) - A cholera epidemic in Cameroon has killed 23 people over the last two months, and the disease is spreading in the Central African nation, health officials said Tuesday.
		An earlier cholera epidemic in 2004, also in western Cameroon, infected more than 6,400 people, killing 130 of them.
		Disputes over the election outcome had sparked deadly riots in the streets of the capital.
	www.jamaicaobserver.com /news/html/20050503T200000-0500_79807_OBS_WORLD_BRIEFS.asp (331 words)

	Industrial Revolution Timeline - 1825-1839
		Ten people killed as troops open fire on a mob outside the New Bailey prison in Salford.
		Riots in Bristol follow rejection of 1st Reform Bill by the Lords - town hall and Bishop's Palace burned down.
		Population of England and Wales estimated at 14 million.
	www.cottontimes.co.uk /chrono4.html (337 words)

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