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Topic: Choshu domain

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	Takasugi Shinsaku - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Takasugi was born on 12 September 1839 in the castle town Hagi, the capital of the feudal domain of Chôshû (todays Yamaguchi prefecture, western Japan), which became famous as the ‘cradle of the Meiji Restoration’.
		Chōshū was a very powerful domain in western Japan until the unification wars in the 16th century, but was reduced to only two provinces after the victory of the forces of the Tokugawa clan and the creation of the Tokugawa Shogunate (Bakufu) in 1603.
		As an ‘outer domain’ (Tozama), Chōshū continued to be one of the most powerful anti-Tokugawa domains in Japan throughout the Edô-period (1603-1868) and thus, it is hardly astonishing that Chōshū was one of leading domains bringing the overthrow of the Tokugawa Shogunate in 1867 and 1868.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Takasugi_Shinsaku (1477 words)

	Shimonoseki Bombardment (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		When Bakufu reneged on its agreement to expel foreigners by June of 1863, the Choshu domain, in response to a general order to repulse foreigners that was forced upon the Edo government by the conservative court in Kyoto, attacked Western ships.
		Satsuma allied with Choshu to this end in 1866 The Choshu domain was a large samurai domain in western Honshu.
		The Choshu samurai displayed an immensely practical ability to rethink their course of action: they reversed their isolationist sentiments and, as did the Kyushu province of Satsuma, began studying Western military technology.
	www.mtholyoke.edu /acad/intrel/shimonoseki.htm (118 words)

	Decline of the Shogunate - The Tokugawa Shoguns - History - Japan - Asia
		Foreign residents in the newly opened ports were attacked, and in 1863 the domain of Choshu fired on foreign vessels sailing through the Straits of Shimonseki.
		Leaders of the western domains, however, feared that the shogunate’s main goal was not to protect the country but to preserve its own dynastic interests.
		Choshu and Satsuma, coming together through the mediation of Tosa, agreed to put an end to the shogunate and establish a new imperial government in its place.
	www.countriesquest.com /asia/japan/history/the_tokugawa_shoguns/decline_of_the_shogunate.htm (846 words)

	Meiji Restoration - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The formation in 1866 of the Satcho Alliance between Saigo Takamori, the leader of the Satsuma domain, and Kido Takayoshi, the leader of the Choshu domain, marks the beginning of the Meiji restoration.
		These two leaders supported the emperor and were brought together by Sakamoto Ryoma for the purpose of challenging the ruling Tokugawa Shogunate (bakufu) and restoring the emperor to power.
		Shortly thereafter in January 1868, the Boshin War (War of the Year of the Dragon) started with the Battle of Toba Fushimi in which an army led by forces from Choshu and Satsuma defeated the ex-shogun's army and forced the Emperor to strip Yoshinobu of all power.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Meiji_Restoration (532 words)

	Choshu Expeditions History Summary
		Punitive expeditions were launched by the Tokugawa shogunate against the domain of Choshu (located in present-day Yamaguchi Prefecture) in 1864 and 1865.
		Choshu, a domain long hostile to the Tokugawa government, initially drew the ire of the shogunate in the early 1860s when pro-imperial reformers took control of the domain's capital, Kyoto.
		Several domains that had participated in the first expedition refused to contribute troops to the second, and Choshu completed a secret alliance with the powerful Satsuma domain before the shogunate forces arrived to fight.
	www.bookrags.com /history/worldhistory/choshu-expeditions-ema-02 (426 words)

	The Difference Dictionary:A
		Satsuma - A large domain on the southern Japanese island of Kyushu, dominated in the Edo period by the great samurai clan of Shimazu.
		At the end of the Tokugawa period, the southern provinces of Satsuma and Choshu were home to a number of young samurai of relatively humble origins who sought the overthrow of the Tokugawa shogunate.
		Shimonoseki bombardment - When Bakufu reneged on its agreement to expel foreigners by June of 1863, the Choshu domain, in response to a general order to repulse foreigners that was forced upon the Edo government by the conservative court in Kyoto, attacked Western ships.
	www.sff.net /people/gunn/dd/s.htm (979 words)

	Toshimichi Okubo Biography / Biography of Toshimichi Okubo Biography
		Toshimichi Okubo was born on Aug. 10, 1830, in Kagoshima, the castle town of Satsuma, a feudal domain in southern Kyushu.
		As a central figure in the domain government during the early 1860s, Okubo advocated the moderate policy of union between court and shogunate, which stressed the need to share decisions on national policies between the two.
		He played an important role in maintaining the alliance between Satsuma and Choshu men and helped bring about the centralization of the government through the abolition of the feudal domains and the establishment of a prefectural system.
	www.bookrags.com /biography-toshimichi-okubo/index.html (670 words)

	Famous Swordsmen of Japan: Kanenori Dengoro Kurokochi
		The Aizu domain was well known for its martial activities, and Kanenori Dengoro Kurokochi is prominent among the many martial artists from that region during the last years of the Shogunate, just prior to the Meiji Restoration.
		Both A History of Kendo in the Aizu Domain and A Study of Education in the Aizu Domain (probably used as a source for the former) report that when a chopstick was thrown into the air in front of him, he could draw his sword and slice it at will in any number of ways.
		Kanenori asked the Aizu domainal office for permission to study naginata with the master, but permission was denied and the master departed for Echigo.
	www.aikidojournal.com /article.php?articleID=283 (1706 words)

	Yoshida Shoin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		By age eight he was studying the Confucian philosophy of Meng-tzu, and began attending the official college of the Choshu domain.
		Perry described the incident: [They] “were observed to be men of some position and rank, as each wore the two swords characteristic of distinction, and were dressed in the wide but short trowsers of rich silk brocade.
		Shoin’s plan was never realized, for it was determined by the Choshu authorities that his radicalism threatened the well-being of their daimyo.
	www.geocities.com /Pentagon/Bunker/8757/Shoin.htm (1720 words)

	FightingArts.com - Sakamoto Ryoma — The Indispensable 'Nobody'
		What the Americans found was a technologically backward, though intricately complicated, island nation, under the rule of the House of Tokugawa (a family of Shoguns, or military rulers that had unified and ruled Japan since 1600) had, which had been isolated from the rest of the world for two and a half centuries.
		Unlike his comrades-in-arms from Choshu, Satsuma (located on the county’s southern most island of Kyushu) and other samurai clans, he was not bound to the service of feudal lord and clan.
		On the night after the alliance was sealed in Kyoto, Ryoma was ambushed by a Tokugawa police squad, as he and a samurai of Choshu, who had been assigned as Ryoma’s bodyguard, celebrated their great success in a second-story room at Ryoma’s favorite inn, the Teradaya, on the outskirts of the Imperial capital.
	www.fightingarts.com /reading/article.php?id=309 (2186 words)

	UH Press: Books and Journals published by the University of Hawaii Press
		For this it was attacked by the new government's forces from Choshu and Satsuma in the autumn of 1868.
		After defeat, the domain was abolished and its samurai population exiled to barren terrain in the far north.
		Shiba's abilities were recognized, and he rose through the officer ranks to become a full general - a singular distinction for an Aizu samurai in an army dominated by former samurai of the Choshu domain.
	www.uhpresshawaii.com /cart/shopcore?db_name=uhpress&page=shop/flypage&product_sku=0-8248-2157-2 (440 words)

	The Sword and the Chrysanthemum
		In the late 1850s, power in the Choshu domain was primarily held by those in the upper feudal class (with 200 koku serving as a dividing line), led by Nagai Uta.
		In 1858, he was appointed to the domain office, largely in part due to Murata Seifu.
		Kido’s travails included the failure to detect the Satsuma-Aizu coup which drove the Choshu out of Kyoto and being on duty in Kyoto when the Choshu attempted to capture the Emperor at Hamaguri Gate on August 20th, 1864.
	red-bird.org /meiji/katsura/ascension.html (440 words)

	Meiji Restoration (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		The Meiji Restoration (明治維新;; Meiji Ishin) describes a chain of events that led to a change in Japan's political and social structure; it occurred from 1866 to 1869, a period of 4 years that transverses both the late Edo (often called Late Tokugawa shogunate) and beginning of the Meiji Era.
		Shortly thereafter in January 1868, the Boshin War (War of the Year of the Dragon) started with the Battle of Toba Fushimi in which the new government's army, led by the forces from Choshu and Satsuma defeated the shogun's army.
		The war ended in early 1869 with the siege of Hakodate, Hokkaido.
	encyclopedia.jigyasa.in /wikipedia/m/me/meiji_restoration.html (409 words)

	Satsuma and Choshu
		The British target was Kagoshima, capital of the Satsuma domain and headquarters of Lord Shimazu Hisamitsu.
		Yoshinobu took responsibility for failing to expel the foreigners from Japan and submitted his resignation from the shogunate, but it was refused.
		The thunder of heavy guns echoed across the straits and far inland across the Choshu domain, causing great excitement among the Japanese population for miles inland.
	www.koreanhistoryproject.org /Ket/C20/E2005.htm (4616 words)

	Tsushima Fuchu domain (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		The Tsushima Fuchu domain (対馬府中藩 Tsushima Fuchū han), also called the Tsushima domain, was a domain of Japan during the Edo period that controlled Tsushima Province and a small portion of Hizen Province.
		The So clan was one of few daimyo during the Edo period who continued to control their feuds from medieval times.
		In 1862, it concluded an alliance with the Choshu domain, which was one of the prominent leaders of the Sonno joi movement.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/T/Tsushima-Fuchu-domain.htm (428 words)

	Read about Meiji Restoration at WorldVillage Encyclopedia. Research Meiji Restoration and learn about Meiji Restoration ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		Choshu domain, marks the beginning of the Meiji restoration.
		Boshin War (War of the Year of the Dragon) started with the Battle of Toba Fushimi in which an army led by forces from Choshu and
		Satsuma defeated the ex-shogun's army and forced the Emperor to strip Yoshinobu of all power.
	encyclopedia.worldvillage.com /s/b/Meiji_Restoration (418 words)

	Ryoma Sakamoto: The Indispensable Nobody Part 1
		What the Americans found was a technologically backward, though intricately complicated, island nation, under the rule of the House of Tokugawa, that had been isolated from the rest of the world for two and a half centuries.
		When Ryoma learned that the foreign ships that had bombarded Choshu were subsequently repaired at a Tokugawa shipyard in Edo, he was fighting mad.
		But what really disgusts me is that the ships they shot up in Choshu are being repaired at Edo, and when they're fixed will head right back to Choshu to fight again.
	www.foreignwivesclub.com /pages/articles/ryoma1.html (687 words)

	Yoshida Shoin -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - Your gateway to all Britannica has to offer!
		Japanese teacher of military tactics in the domain of Choshu.
		He studied “Dutch learning” (European studies) in Nagasaki and Edo (modern Tokyo) and was deeply influenced by the pro-emperor thinkers in the domain of Mito.
		His radical pro-emperor stance influenced young samurai in Choshu to overthrow the Tokugawa shogunate.
	concise.britannica.com /ebc/article-9383197?tocId=9383197 (442 words)

	Meiji Restoration : Meiji restoration
		The Meiji Restoration (明治維新;; Meiji Isshin) describes a chain of events that led to a change in political power and the social structure of Japan; it occurred from 1866 to 1869, a period of 4 years that transverses both the late Edo (often called Late Tokugawa shogunate) and beginning Meiji Era.
		These two leaders supported the emperor and were brought together by Ryoma Sakamoto[?] for the purpose of taking on the Tokugawa Shogunate (bakufu) which effectively ruled the country in the hope of restoring the emperor to power.
		The Tokugawa bakufu came to an official end on November 9th, 1867 with the resignation of the 15th Tokugawa Shogun Tokugawa Yoshinobu and the "restoration" (Taisei Houkan) of imperial rule.
	www.factbase.info /me/meiji-restoration.html (445 words)

	Ridgeback Press - Heroes of the Meiji Restoration - Takasugi (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		Aside from the smallpox that nearly killed him at age nine, Shinsaku spent an uneventful childhood as the first son of a samurai family in Hagi castle town, the center of the Choshu domain.
		Until then the military of Choshu, like that of all other feudal domains in Japan, consisted entirely of men of the warrior class, whose sole purpose for hundreds of years had been to protect their han.
		Although Shinsaku had ostensibly formed his corps to defend Choshu from foreign invasion, his ulterior motive was the overthrow of the Tokugawa Shogunate.
	www.ridgebackpress.com /heroes/takasugi.htm (299 words)

	Okubo Toshimichi -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can trust!
		Japanese samurai leader from the domain of Satsuma who, with Saigo Takamori, arranged an alliance with the domain of Choshu to work for the overthrow of the Tokugawa shogunate (see Tokugawa period) and the restoration of the emperor as head of government.
		Ito's father was an adopted son of a modest samurai (warrior) family in the Choshu domain of western Japan, and Ito grew up amid convulsive political conditions surrounding the decline of the Tokugawa shogunate—which had governed Japan since 1603—and the rise of Western influence in the country.
		The Meiji government was dominated by men from Satsuma, Choshu, and those of the court who had sided with the emperor.
	www.britannica.com /ebc/article-9373959 (523 words)

	Meiji Restoration
		Kido Takayoshi, the leader of the Choshu domain, marks the beginning of the Meiji restoration.
		Okubo Toshimichi and Saigo Takamori), and the Choshu province (Ito Hirobumi, Yamagata Aritomo, and
		The recent movie The Last Samurai is set in the time period of the Meiji Restoration, where the old values clash with new values as Japan begins to modernize.
	en.efactory.pl /Meiji_reformation (443 words)

	Hagi, Japan and its historical importance.
		Yoshida Shoin, born a samurai in the Choshu domain and now bereft of his swords and imprisoned by the shogun, sits stiffly on the floor of his small cell.
		Although the whole country was involved, one feudal domain, the han of Choshu, one town, Hagi, and one school, Yoshida's Shoka Sonjuku, were ever near the center of the struggle.
		Several, including the Mori of Choshu, told the imperial court that they were ready to fight.
	www.shotokai.com /ingles/history/hagi.html (4734 words)

	medbuster.com - Drinks info. This website is for sale!
		This domain may be for sale by its owner!
		This page provided to the domain owner free by Sedo's Domain Parking.
		Reference to any specific service or trade mark is not controlled by Sedo or domain owner and does not constitute or imply its association, endorsement or recommendation.
	www.medbuster.com /encyclopedia/m/me/meiji_restoration.html (124 words)

	Hist 3471 q1 lecture notes
		They accused that the central government proposed to “rely on foreigners, abolish the emperor and daimyo, establish a centralized system and make the shogun the presiding executive of the realm with the administration based on talent.” (They saw this as a threat) Actually, this was one proposal.
		Satsuma and Choshu leaders also purchased weapons, trained troops and deepened their ties to British merchants and diplomats while nevertheless keeping the “Revere the emperor, expel the barbarians” rhetoric.
		Other dispersed battles with other domains fought, but by summer 1869 the country was under new leadership.
	www.hist.umn.edu /~nagata/3471q1lect.html (2602 words)

	set * A Tamil Asylum Diaspora Sri... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		Domain connectivity among systems of overset grids progress report for NASA grant 2783 submitted to NASA Ames Research Center, C. From "Robert L. Meakin".
		On automating domain connectivity for overset grids progress report for NASA grant 2783 SuDoc NAS 1.26196113.
		On automating domain connectivity for overset grids final report for NASA grant 2783 submitted to NASA Ames Research Center, Adv.
	www.bookauthor.de /bookuuuset.html (1923 words)

	A Modern History of Japan: Timeline >> Oxford University Press (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		Shogunal army engages forces of Choshu domain in the second of the Choshu Expeditions; the Shogunate's failure to bring the campaign to a successful conclusion severely damages its prestige
		Domains are designated public land with uniform procedures for tax collection.
		Domains converted to Prefectures (72 prefectures, later reduced to 46).
	www.oxfordjapan.com /timeline.html (2594 words)

	Sakamoto Ryoma
		Unlike his comrades-in-arms from Choshu, Satsuma and other samurai clans, he was not bound to the service of feudal lord and clan.
		Rather than merely saying that Ryoma was once again "blowing hot air," or that he was "crazy," there were now some among his comrades who felt betrayed.
		With the overthrow of the corrupt and decrepit Tokugawa regime, the "nobody" from Tosa had made good on his vow to "clean up Japan" - although, unfortunately for his country, he would pay for it with his life.
	www.samurai-archives.com /rin.html (1841 words)

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