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	BBC News \| ENTERTAINMENT \| Chris Ofili profile
		Chris Ofili has said of his painting: "My project is not a p c project...
		Ofili studied Fine Art at Chelsea School of Art, before completing a Masters degree in painting at the Royal College of Art.
		During his stay in Africa, Ofili began to incorporate lumps of elephant dung into his canvases - both as compositional elements and as supports on which to display his paintings.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/entertainment/225737.stm (288 words)

	Elephant Dung Artist Chris Ofili: 1998 Turner Prize for painting with shit
		Best known for his paintings using elephant dung, Ofili remarked during a radio interview at the award ceremony that the important thing was to know whether art was "good art or bad art" and not whether it contained elephant dung.
		Shortlisted for the inventiveness, exuberance, humour and technical richness of his painting, it is Ofili's dynamic use of colour and the originality, energy and complexity of his work, with its multilayered references to contemporary urban culture and awareness of the history of art which won him the jury's acclaim and the prize.
		Ofili's work No Woman No Cry, painted during the inquiry into race relations in Britain triggered by the unsolved murder of Stephen Lawrence, a London student killed in a racist attack, is a compelling example of his multilayering technique and commentary on urban culture.
	www.culturekiosque.com /art/news/rheturn.htm (591 words)

	Kids.Net.Au - Encyclopedia > Chris Ofili
		Chris Ofili (born 1968) is an English painter noted for works referencing aspects of his African background.
		Ofili, who is of Nigerian descent, studied cave paintings there which had some effect on his style.
		Ofili's painting also references blaxploitation films and gangsta rap often to question racial and sexual stereotypes in a humurous way.
	www.kids.net.au /encyclopedia-wiki/ch/Chris_Ofili (239 words)

	Chris Ofili - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Chris Ofili (born 1968) is an English painter noted for works referencing aspects of his African background.
		Ofili, who is of Nigerian descent, studied cave paintings there which had some effect on his style.
		Ofili's painting also references blaxploitation films and gangsta rap often to question racial and sexual stereotypes in a humorous way.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Chris_Ofili (486 words)

	Chris Ofili. (artist) - Encyclopedia.com
		Ofili discovered his enchantment to animal feces when he was on a traveling scholarship to Zimbabwe in 1992.
		In his canvases, details are trapped, built up, and superimposed with increasing intricacy, and Ofili has become more and more adept at mining the possibilities of jewellike color and enameled texture, with surfaces that are by turns milky and opaque, tarry and translucent.
		The Holy Virgin Mary, 1996, courts, flaunts, and flouts a whole roster of prejudices and preconceptions as an already perplexingly pagan/Christian hybrid turns decidedly profane: the blue-robed African-style goddess baring her beaded elephant-turd breast turns out to be surrounded by a deluge of female genitals clipped from porno mags.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1G1-20197589.html (786 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Chris Ofili (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Ofili was established through exhibitions by Charles Saatchi at his gallery in North London and the travelling exhibition Sensation (1997) becoming recognised as one of the few British artists of African/Caribbean descent to breakthrough as a member of the Young British Artists.
		Ofili's work is not intended to be offensive, but rather to contrast the harmonious life of the monkeys with the travails of the human race.
		Chris Ofili's term of office as a trustee expired in November 2005.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Chris-Ofili (1331 words)

	The Chronicle - Ofili (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Nevertheless, Chris Ofili's dense and decorative work incorporating elephant dung with swirls of dots, Afro hair styles and fl icons won the £20,000 Turner Prize for 1998- making him the first fl, and the first artist to win the prize for contemporary British art since 1985.
		"Ofili has proved popular with a fl audience which, it is often assumed, feels alienated by contemporary art...(he) is highly respected among artists, and truly deserves the prize," said the arts correspondent for The Independent in an ecstatic review of the Turner awards ceremony.
		Chris Ofili was born in Manchester in 1968.
	www.chronicleworld.org /archive/ofili.htm (366 words)

	Shades of Grey
		Ofili is the art world's Captain Shit, famous for the elephant dung his canvases rest on long before people noticed what a good painter he is. Ofili has no complacency about painting as an art, about the sufficiency of draughtsmanship and colour; his paintings are ideas.
		Ofili’s Madonna’s breast is also molded from elephant dung –; seen by some cultures as a source of fertility and sustenance, seen in America as a source of filth.
		Chris Ofili knew what he was doing when he created “The Holy Virgin Mary.”Whether or not this piece was a work of self-discovery and identity, he has placed in the public consciousness the bitter divide over religion, race, culture, and gender.
	astro.temple.edu /~greitz/art2.htm (3128 words)

	The Chronicle - Ofili (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Nevertheless, Chris Ofili's dense and decorative work incorporating elephant dung with swirls of dots, Afro hair styles and fl icons won the £20,000 Turner Prize for 1998- making him the first fl, and the first artist to win the prize for contemporary British art since 1985.
		"Ofili has proved popular with a fl audience which, it is often assumed, feels alienated by contemporary art...(he) is highly respected among artists, and truly deserves the prize," said the arts correspondent for The Independent in an ecstatic review of the Turner awards ceremony.
		Chris Ofili was born in Manchester in 1968.
	www.thechronicle.demon.co.uk /archive/ofili.htm (366 words)

	madonna
		Chris Ofili's collage is "shocking," in that it is deliberately provocative and intends to jolt viewers into an expanded frame of reference, and perhaps even toward illumination.
		I think that Ofili's imagery--as extreme as it may be--must be seen against this rich, often contradictory visual history and in terms of the personal and universal that has underlain much of art connected with the Virgin.
		Ofili depicts her features and uses elephant dung to connect her in a basic way to the African earth and its people.
	www.mtholyoke.edu /offices/comm/csj/991008/madonna.html (883 words)

	ART FOR A CHANGE: Nepotism & Scatological Postmodernisms
		Chris Ofili, the artist famous for incorporating elephant dung into his portrait of the Virgin Mary, is at the center of the controversy, which an arts correspondent for the U.K. Telegraph put this way, "Chris Ofili said artists should give work to the Tate for nothing...
		Ofili’s piece was an appeal to contemporary artists of note to donate their works to the Tate Modern museum in London.
		Ofili depicts Christ and his disciples as apes- with Christ of course being the biggest monkey.
	www.art-for-a-change.com /blog/2005/08/nepotism-scatological-postmodernisms.html (886 words)

	Chris Ofili:Cultural Identity
		Born in Manchester in 1968, Ofili studied fine art at Chelsea School of Art in London and finished a master's degree in painting at the Royal College of Art in 1993.
		Inspired partly by the cave paintings of the San tribe of Zimbabwe which he saw in Africa, and partly by Aboriginal art, Ofili patterns intricate contours of bright dots around his collaged or painted images, which are encrusted with glitter and map pins, and coated with shiny resin.
		Chris Ofili is less an elephant man than a jumbo talent with street credibility.
	www.virtualartroom.com /images/HotPotArt/ofili/ofiliQs.htm (522 words)

	Counter Editions - Chris Ofili
		Chris Ofili's fascinating and fantastical paintings draw on a variety of art and popular culture influences, including comic-book...
		Chris Ofili's fascinating and fantastical paintings draw on a variety of art and popular culture influences, including comic-book heroes, pornography, jazz and hip hop, 70's afro hairstyles and Blaxploitation movies.
		Recently Ofili has been producing a number of drawings and watercolour studies, and it is from this work that his edition has been created.
	www.countereditions.com /epages/CE.sf/?ObjectPath=/Shops/Editions/Categories/ChrisOfili (270 words)

	Chris Ofili
		Ofili, in 1998 winnaar van de Turner Prize, geldt als een van de grote talenten van zijn generatie.
		Ofili betoogt dat olifantenpoep in de Afrikaanse cultuur een symbool van het nieuwe leven is.
		Zoek voor Chris Ofili verder in de kunst- en cultuur agenda, de cultuurgids, de encyclopedie, of het kunstnieuws.
	www.kunstbus.nl /verklaringen/chris+ofili.html (367 words)

	Chris Ofili and Ghada Amer
		Ofili is noted (and notorious) for using elephant dung, glitter, photo-collage and coloured push-pins to build up his pictures, usually a single mythical or stereotypical figure drawn in bold curves.
		Ofili’s materials are linked to West African traditions and folk art, Amer’s to feminine labour and Islamic aversion to imagery and nudity.
		For Ofili the combination of strict outlines and fillings of novel materials recalls naïve or folk art, the bright colours and simple collage applications of children’s classes or occupational therapy.
	www.currentartpics.com /chris-ofili-and-ghada-amer (776 words)

	Religion of Chris Ofili, artist
		Ofili adorned a painting of the Virgin Mary with real-life elephant poop and called it art.
		The entire notoriety of the painting of the Madonna by Chris Olfili [sic: correct spelling is "Chris Ofili"] is similarly due to Mayor Giuliani's efforts.
		Like Chris Ofili who considers himself a devout Catholic, their artistic interpretation of traditional symbols was seen as heretical and as a desecration of the church.
	www.adherents.com /people/po/Chris_Ofili.html (778 words)

	Wake Up. Wash Face. Do Routine. Now Paint. - New York Times
		Chris Ofili at the Studio Museum in Harlem with some of the 181 watercolor portraits on display there, shortly before they were installed.
		CHRIS OFILI'S watercolors at the Studio Museum in Harlem, the spring art season's rapturous sleeper, are of imaginary heads.
		Ofili is, obviously, the British artist (lately transplanted to Trinidad) whose "Holy Virgin Mary," with elephant dung, caused a ruckus a few years back when the "Sensation" show was at the Brooklyn Museum.
	www.nytimes.com /2005/05/08/arts/design/08kimm.html?ei=5088&en=271626aab01312cc&ex=1273204800&adxnnl=1&partner=rssnyt&emc=rss&adxnnlx=1115980217-aSooSdM4eIPWU2W1etMBMQ (794 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Ofili was established through exhibitions by Charles Saatchi at his gallery in North London and the travelling exhibition Sensation (1997) becoming recognised as one of the few British artists of African/Caribbean descent to breakthrough as a member of the Young British Artists.
		In 1998, Ofili won the Turner Prize, and in 2003 he was selected to represent Britain at the Venice Biennale of that year.
		Ofili's painting also references blaxploitation films and gangsta rap often to question racial and sexual stereotypes in a humorous way.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Chris_Ofili (479 words)

	Meet the MyWaymen
		Ofili, British born in 1968 of Nigerian descent, is not an obvious insider.
		The point, it seems to me, is that Ofili is a precious one-off, and there are never enough of those in all the arts to fill a four-door hatchback.
		Ofili will do the National Gallery credit, of that I am sure, but they cannot use him as a template for renewal because there is no other like him.
	www.scena.org /columns/lebrecht/050921-NL-mywaymen.html (750 words)

	Chris Ofili Encyclopedia Article @ JobsInArt.com (Jobs in Art) (Site not responding. Last check: )
		He studied art in London, at the Chelsea School of Art from 1988 to 1991 and at the Royal College of Art from 1991 to 1993.
		Ofili has also had numerous solo shows since the early 1990s including the Serpentine Gallery.
		In 1998, Ofili won the Turner Prize, and in 2003 he was selected to represent Britain at the Venice Biennale of that year.
	www.jobsinart.com /encyclopedia/Chris_Ofili (657 words)

	Ofili Chris - Search Results - ninemsn Encarta
		Ofili, Chris (1968-), British painter who has achieved remarkable success at an early age, but whose work is highly controversial because of his...
		The Turner Prize, named after J. Turner, was established in 1984, under the patronage of an anonymous benefactor, as an award for the person...
		Evert, Chris (1954- ), American tennis player and tournament broadcast commentator, one of the first top players to rely on a strong, two-handed...
	au.encarta.msn.com /Ofili_Chris.html (110 words)

	An Artist's Gallery of Ideas: Chris Ofili's Watercolors
		Ofili said in an interview at the Studio Museum, surveying dozens of watercolors that were about to be hung on the gallery walls.
		Ofili steadily squirreled the watercolors away in a box in his studio, pulling out this one or that one whenever he was seeking inspiration.
		Ofili's studio in London two years ago to interview him for a catalog essay on the work that was to be shown in Venice.
	oldweb.uwp.edu /academic/criminal.justice/ofili02bk.htm (809 words)

	DJ SPOOKY that subliminal kid
		With Chris Ofili's work-patterns and nodes, layers of transparent resin and, of course, hip-hop-one is confronted with a different value system: art is uniquely wedded to the mythology that he constructs around the dialogical world of what some call "ghetto fabulous" reality.
		Coprolites (the technical term for the fossilized feces of animals and humans) in Ofili's work are like nodal points-they hold together the patterns of collaged images around the imaginary characters that populate his canvasses.
		Chris Ofili: I always think of the work as coming out of hip-hop culture, which is an approach to making things and looking at things with no hierarchy.
	www.djspooky.com /articles/deepshit.html (3089 words)

	ART IN REVIEW; Chris Ofili - New York Times
		The second New York gallery show of the English painter Chris Ofili, famous at the moment for attaching spheres of shellacked and decorated elephant dung to his canvases, does its job: it affirms his seriousness and talent as an artist and reflects an expanding vision.
		Ofili was born and reared a Roman Catholic in England by parents who emigrated from Nigeria.) They confound peaceful resolution by pitting the decorative against the political, the pure against the profane, the celebratory and humorous against the caustic and dark.
		Ofili is combining his psychedelic patterns and cartoonish yet dignified portraits.
	query.nytimes.com /gst/fullpage.html?res=9D07EED71E38F93AA15753C1A96F958260 (432 words)

	Chris Ofili \| postmedia
		Ofili has depicted the gap between what can be represented in contemporary British art, and what is more difficult to acknowledge; the gap between art as public sign, and as private work.
		Chris Ofili was shortlisted for the inventiveness, exuberance, humour and technical richness of his painting, as revealed in his solo exhibition at Southhampton City Art Gallery and in Sensation at the Royal Academy, London.
		In awarding Chris Ofili the Prize, the jury praised the originality and energy of his work, with its multi-layered references to contemporary urban culture and awareness of the history of art.
	www.postmedia.net /999/ofili.htm (1105 words)

	Chris Ofili \| The Huffington Post
		Abts was a popular choice, and far less controversial than other recent winners: She was the first painter to win since Chris Ofili, renowned for adding elephant dung to his canvases, in 1998.
		Chris Ofili (born 1968) is an English painter noted for works referencing aspects of his Nigerian background.
		In 1999, artist Chris Ofili exhibited a painting he called "The Holy Virgin Mary," in which the mother of Jesus has an exposed breast made of elephant...
	www.huffingtonpost.com /topics/Chris+Ofili (337 words)

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