
	Where results make sense

Topic: Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje

	Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje Summary
		For Snouck Hurgronje, both historical and contemporary religious beliefs and movements had to be understood in terms of the social and political contexts in which they occurred.
		Snouck Hurgronje continued his role as Islamicist and colonial adviser to the Dutch government from his return to Leiden in 1906 until his retirement in 1927.
		Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje (1857-1936) was a Dutch scholar of Oriental cultures and languages and Advisor on Native Affairs to the colonial government of the Netherlands East Indies.
	www.bookrags.com /Christiaan_Snouck_Hurgronje (653 words)

	Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje - Wikipedia
		Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje (Oosterhout, 8 februari 1857 – Leiden, 26 juni 1936) was een Nederlands arabist en islamoloog.
		Snouck liet weten dat het huwelijk een "voorstelling" was geweest, georganiseerd om de wetenschapper de kans te geven het Islamitisch huwelijksceremonieel te onderzoeken.
		Snouck werd in 1898 de naaste medewerker van kolonel Van Heutsz, die zich gesteld ziet voor de opgave om Atjeh aan het Nederlandse gezag te onderwerpen en mede dankzij zijn adviezen lukt het Van Heutsz om de krijgskansen in de slepende Atjehoorlog te doen keren.
	nl.wikipedia.org /wiki/Christiaan_Snouck_Hurgronje (853 words)

	Mintaqat Makkah Things To Do - Travel Guides - VirtualTourist.com
		Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje died in the twenty sixth of June 1936, after a short disease, his body was buried in the old graveyard in Leiden.
		Snouck was born in the 8th of February 1857 in Oosterhout city in the North Brabant Province in Holland, where his father was working as priest, and it is the job that was decided to the young man Snouck.
		Snouck find him self charmed and fascinated and then surrendered completely to the beauty of the Arabic Language and its compositions, and for Islamic Civilization that connected to this language maybe more than any religion or culture has connected to other languages.
	www.virtualtourist.com /travel/Middle_East/Saudi_Arabia/Mintaqat_Makkah/Things_To_Do-Mintaqat_Makkah-R-8.html (1679 words)

	Exposities
		Snouck Hurgronje studeerde in Leiden en promoveerde in 1880 op Het Mekkaansche feest, een studie over de hadj of islamitische pelgrimstocht naar Mekka.
		Snouck Hurgronjes leven stond in het teken van de moderne islam.
		Snouck Hurgronje ontmoette in Mekka veel pelgrims uit Nederlandsch-Indië.
	www.nieuws.leidenuniv.nl /index.php3?c=755 (320 words)

	Fenomena Snouck Hurgronje di Pentas Sejarah Nusantara - Jumat, 27 Agustus 2004
		Sikap semacam itu tidak berarti kita lalu melupakan peran Snouck Hurgronje ketika dengan perangkat ilmunya ia membantu pemerintahan kolonial memorakporandakan Aceh misalnya.
		Sebab, Snouck Hurgronje adalah produk dari aktivitas orientalisme abad ke-19.
		Tentang hal ini, sebagai penutup, menarik disimak pandangan WGJ Remmelingk terhadap Snouck Hurgronje, tokoh yang disebutnya sebagai "rasul" dari mimpinya sendiri.
	www.kompas.com /kompas-cetak/0408/27/sorotan/1230792.htm (1535 words)

	Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje Biography on DanceAge
		Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje (1857-1936) was a Dutch scholar of Oriental cultures and languages and Advisor on Native Affairs to the colonial government of the Netherlands East Indies.
		Born in Oosterhout in 1857, he became a theology student at Leiden University in 1874.
		He used his knowledge of Islamic culture to devise strategies which significantly helped crush the resistance of the Aceh inhabitants and impose Dutch colonial rule on them, with the price variously estimated at between 50,000 and 100,000 inbitants dead and about a million wounded.
	www.danceage.com /biography/sdmc_Christiaan_Snouck_Hurgronje (199 words)

	Saudi Aramco World : A Doorway in Time (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Although the official purpose of the legation was to facilitate the flow of pilgrims from the Dutch Indies, another less official task was to observe and document the social and political climate in Jiddah and Makkah.
		In 1857, two decades before the invention of the phonograph (and the year Snouck Hurgronje was born), French physicist Leon Scott had developed the "phonautograph." His invention visibly etched the patterns of sound waves onto thin metal foil.
		As Gavin dug deeper, his research grew "curiouser and curiouser, and more and more exciting." From the correspondence of Snouck Hurgronje, we know that he was recording speakers of Arabic and Indonesian on Java in Indonesia from as early as 1900 until 1906, when he returned to The Netherlands.
	www.saudiaramcoworld.com /issue/199305/a.doorway.in.time.htm (2793 words)

	Dhimmi Watch: Fitzgerald: A tribute to Edward Walker
		Since you mention Snouk Hurgronje, you should probably be aware that he saw himself as a helper for the Christian apologist and missionary as well as a scholar per se.
		Snouck Hurgronje not only was a scholar, the preeminent scholar of Islam in all of Europe in his lifetime.
		Snouck Hurgronje was not only not an "apologist" for Christianity but at times sharply critical of it.
	www.jihadwatch.org /dhimmiwatch/archives/010888.php (4491 words)

	Adviezen C. Snouck Hurgronje 1889-1936 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		In 1889 trad de arabist en islamkenner Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje (1857-1936) in dienst van de Nederlands-Indische regering als adviseur.
		Ook na zijn aanstelling als hoogleraar te Leiden in 1908 bleef hij als adviseur van de ministers van Koloniën en Buitenlandse Zaken in Den Haag betrokken bij het bestuur van Nederlands-Indië.
		Deze driedelige uitgave bevat een keuze uit de in het archief van het Ministerie van Koloniën aangetroffen adviezen.
	www.inghist.nl /Onderzoek/Projecten/AdviezenC.SnouckHurgronje1889-1936 (113 words)

	Swaramuslim.net For Izzatul Islam Wal Muslimin wal Mu'minat (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje merupakan tokoh peletak dasar kebijakan “Islam Politiek” yang merupakan garis kebijakan “Inlandsch Politiek” yang dijalankan pemerintah kolonial Belnda terhadap pribumi Hindia Belanda.
		Snouck lahir tanggal 8 Februari 1857 di Oosterhout Belanda, merupakan anak keempat dari pasangan Pendeta JJ Snouck Hurgronje dan Anna Maria.
		Semasa di Universitas Leiden, Snouck dibimbing oleh para tokoh aliran “modernis Leiden”, seperti CP Tieles, LWE Rauwenhoff, Abraham Kuenen, MJ de Goeje.
	swaramuslim.net /weblog.php?id=C9_22_1 (1062 words)

	The Influence of Animism on Islam [CHAPTER VIII PAGAN PRACTICES IN CONNECTION WITH THE PILGRIMAGE]
		It is a far cry from the humble Pitts to the princely Badia, from the scientific Burckhardt to the poetical Courtellemont, from the impersonal Hurgronje to the autobiographical Roches, from the obscure Wild to the world-famous Burton.
		Snouck Hurgronje and Dozy have given us the theory of the origin of these strange ceremonies in their monographs.
		Hurgronje concludes that while the general ritual of the pilgrimage is Mohammedan, there are many practices that now are condemned as innovations, which are in reality old Arabian and pagan in their character.
	www.answering-islam.org /Books/Zwemer/Animism/chapt8.htm (4204 words)

	Indonesia - Islam
		Muslim critics of the regime in the early 1990s claimed that the government policy toward Islam was "colonial" in that it was putting in place in modern Indonesia the advice of the Dutch scholar and adviser to the Netherlands Indies government, Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje.
		As an adviser between 1891 and 1904, Snouck Hurgronje advocated tolerating the spiritual aspects of Islam but containing rigorously Islam's political expression.
		The goal was the same in the colonial period and during the presidencies of both Sukarno and Suharto: to see to it that the business of government and administration remained a secular one.
	www.country-data.com /cgi-bin/query/r-6316.html (823 words)

	:: indonesia house ::
		According to the critique of Snouck Hurgronje, a well-known expert on Aceh in the 1900s, Tgk Daud Beureueh succeeded in making social role differences into a basis of ideological rivalry due to his ability to exploit a gap in the Acehnese leadership.
		Understanding Snouck’s advice and his being torn between his feelings as a follower of politik etis and at the same time as a proponent of a “total warfare”, we will perhaps be able to reflect it in the ambivalence in today’s handling of Aceh.
		Snouck’s name became known among the academicians when, for the sake of service to anthropology, he risked his life by sneaking into Mecca, which was forbidden to non-Muslims.
	www.indonesia-house.org /focus/aceh/082503Aceh_background_rebel.htm (15531 words)

	Guardian Unlimited \| Archive Search
		The soldier and the scholar united to convince the colonial administration and the home government that armed force must be used to establish Dutch power in every corner of the Indies.
		Hitherto the Dutch had ruled in a loose fashion: in some places they were strong, in others weak, their power often indirectly exercised and adjusted to local circumstances.
		The Dutch colonial civil servants and soldiers who followed Van Heutsz and Snouck Hurgronje came to be known as the 'Atjeh School'.
	www.guardian.co.uk /Archive/Article/0,4273,3814985,00.html (1240 words)

	I.U.A.E.S. - statement on spying
		One case in Dutch colonial history is that of the famous scholar Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje.
		Following detailed fieldwork resulting in a magnificent monograph on the people of Aceh, this student of Arab culture and anthropologist avant la lettre was invited to advise the governor-general of the Netherlands Indies about the war in northern Sumatra.
		Snouck further advised that the confidence of the population should be regained by fostering the development of agriculture, trade and handicrafts.
	www.leidenuniv.nl /fsw/iuaes/12-spying.htm (1160 words)

	BRILL
		Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje (1857-1936) was a Dutch scholar of Oriental cultures and languages.
		From 1884-1885, Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje stayed in Mecca.
		He became intimately acquainted with the daily life of the Meccans and the thousands of pilgrims from all over the world.
	www.brill.nl /product_id26338.htm (574 words)

	Pagan Practices in Connection with the Pilgrimage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		First come those from Bartema to Pitts, inclusive, whom I have already compared to a cloud of light skirmishers.
		They are followed by the votaries of science - Bajia, Seetzen, Burckhardt, Hurgronje.
		In a parallel column advance those impelled by love of adventure or curiosity - von Maltzan, Bicknell, Keane, Courtellemont.
	www.supertarot.co.uk /sufi/Animism/chap8.htm (755 words)

	In 1796, U.S. Vowed Friendliness With Islam - Middle East Forum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		First, as noted by David Hunter Miller (1875-1961), an expert on American treaties, "the Barlow translation is at best a poor attempt at a paraphrase or summary of the sense of the Arabic." Second, the great Dutch orientalist Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje (1857-1936), reviewed the Arabic text in 1930, retranslated it, and found no 11
		Rather, the Arabic text at this spot reprints a grandiloquent letter from the pasha of Algiers to the pasha of Tripoli.
		Snouck Hurgronje dismisses this letter as "nonsensical." It "gives notice of the treaty of peace concluded with the Americans and recommends its observation.
	www.meforum.org /article/pipes/4099 (583 words)

	Education
		Hurgronje argued that as long as Indonesians remained Muslim, the colonial relationship could not give way to lasting bonds between the two cultures.
		Hurgronje recognized the fact this Islamic movement towards religious reform, if carried to its logical conclusions, had implications for radical social change, perceived by the Dutch as political revolution.
		Hurgronje further argued that given the proper amount of “association” with Dutch/Western culture, language, and scientific discovery, educated elites would naturally turn to the West as models, rather than to Islam which he believed offered not progress but a kind of religious medievalism.
	www.cayuga-cc.edu /people/facultypages/felter/nationalism_indonesia.htm (8781 words)

	\| Victory News Magazine \| Indonesia - A Paradise In Waiting \| (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Snouck made two important observations that (i) the Indonesian officials in charge of administering Islamic worship and religious justice were traditionally the subordinates, rather than the superiors of native rulers, and (ii) while Islamic
		It was only natural that Snouck Hurgronje should focus his attention upon the Javanese aristocracy as the first and most obvious social class to be drawn into the orbit of Westernisation.
		Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje and the Foundations of Dutch Islamic Policy in Indonesia.
	www.victorynewsmagazine.com /IndonesiaAParadiseInWaiting.htm (3037 words)

	The Avalon Project : The Barbary Treaties 1786-1816
		The Arabic text of the original treaty book with the Barlow translation, as well as the Cathcart copy (described below), and also the Italian translation in the Department of State file, have been examined by Dr. C.
		The annotated translation of the Arabic, the work of Doctor Snouck Hurgronje, follows.
		The order of arrangement is that there comes first what may be called the treaty proper, then the "receipt," and then the "note," followed by an account of the seals used.
	www.yale.edu /lawweb/avalon/diplomacy/barbary/bar1796e.htm (2167 words)

	++ relapsed catholic ++ religion politics culture blog (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Too bad that clause is apparently a load of bollocks.
		...the great Dutch orientalist Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje (1857-1936), reviewed the Arabic text in 1930, retranslated it, and found no 11th article.
		Snouck Hurgronje dismisses this letter as "nonsensical." It "gives notice of the treaty of peace concluded with the Americans and recommends its observation.
	relapsedcatholic.blogspot.com /2006/11/i-dont-think-that-word-means-what-you_11.html (579 words)

	Amazon.com: "Snouck Hurgronje": Key Phrase page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Snouck Hurgronje (1931: 215-92) wrote at length about a very active Southeast Asian communalism in Mecca in the 1880s, it has largely...
		identity through his edition of ancient Hindu texts, especially of the Rig-Veda,27 and the role of the Dutch Islam specialist Snouck Hurgronje as an adviser of the Dutch govern- ment in the East Indies are examples of the intricate connections between scholarship...
		Asia was to be provided by association with the West, to mention the terms used by the Dutch orientalist C. Snouck Hurgronje.
	www.amazon.com /phrase/Snouck-Hurgronje (626 words)

	Leiden University - Facts, Information, and Encyclopedia Reference article
		Kamerlingh Onnes was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1913.
		These Nobel prize winners, but also the physicists Albert Einstein and Paul Ehrenfest, the Arabist and Islam expert Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje, the law expert Cornelis van Vollenhoven and historian Johan Huizinga, were among those who pushed the university into a place of international prominence during the 1920s and 1930s.
		In 2005 the manuscript of Einstein on the quantum theory of the monatomic ideal gas (the Einstein-Bose condensation) was discovered in one of Leiden's libraries.
	www.startsurfing.com /encyclopedia/u/n/i/University_of_Leiden_e2e9.html (1235 words)

	Pagan Practices in Connection with the Pilgrimage
		First come those from Bartema to Pitts, inclusive, whom I have already compared to a cloud of light skirmishers.
		They are followed by the votaries of science - Bajia, Seetzen, Burckhardt, Hurgronje.
		In a parallel column advance those impelled by love of adventure or curiosity - von Maltzan, Bicknell, Keane, Courtellemont.
	sufibrighton.com /Animism/chap8.htm (755 words)

	Indonesia - Dutch Expansion in Sumatra
		The principal architect of colonial Islamic policy was Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje, a scholar of Arabic who had gone to Mecca to study Indonesian pilgrims and served as adviser to the Netherlands Indies government from 1891 to 1904.
		His policy was one of cooptation rather than opposition: instead of promoting the spread of Christianity, he suggested, the government should maintain supportive relations with established Islamic authorities such as the qadi or judges of the royal courts.
		"Established" Islam was no threat, according to Snouck Hurgronje, but "fanatic" Muslim teachers who maintained independent Islamic schools were.
	countrystudies.us /indonesia/12.htm (752 words)

	Books by C. Snouck Hurgronje, compare prices
		Nasihat-Nasihat C. Snouck Hurgronje Semasa Kepegawaiannya Kepada Pemerintah Hindia Belanda, 1889-1936
		Minor German Correspondences of C. Snouck Hurgronje : From Libraries in France, Germany, Sweden, and The Netherlands
		Scholarship and Friendship in Early Islamwissenschaft : The Letters of C. Snouck Hurgronje to I. Goldziher from the Oriental Collection of the Library of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest
	www.allbookstores.com /author/C_Snouck_Hurgronje.html (141 words)

	Khilafah: The State of Being a Vicegerent, Caliph, or Depute
		From it derive the operational form of most institutions of the Islamic State, and the 'government' or 'authorities' (the Sultan) derive their imperium.
		In the absence of a zahir Caliph he is deputised by the batin Caliph, namely the Qutb of the Awliya; for without a Caliph, the ummah would be like an orphan, or a body without a head, and the legitimacy of the Shari'ah would suffer, as Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje hoped.
		We were enjoined to "obey the Caliph even if he flay the skin off your back" as one hadith states.
	members.tripod.com /british_muslims_assn/khilafah.html (825 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)