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Topic: Christina, Grand Duchess of Tuscany

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	Letter to Grand Duchess Christina - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Letter to The Grand Duchess Christina by Galileo Galilei was an essay on the relation between the revelations of the Bible and the new discoveries then being made in science.
		Christina, daughter of Charles II of Lorraine and granddaughter of Catherine de Medici, was the widow of Ferdinando I de Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany 1587-1609, who had appointed Galileo to the professorship of mathematics at the University of Pisa in 1588.
		The monk took on the role of theologian in response, and convinced everyone there except the Duchess (who he thought was arguing mainly to hear his answers) and Boscaglia (who said nothing during this dialogue).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Letter_to_Grand_Duchess_Christina (335 words)

	International Catholic University: 29.8
		Galileo was chief mathematician and philosopher in the Medici court in Florence and in the letter to the Grand Duchess, penned after Bellarmino sent his letter in April 1615, we find Galileo's response to the arguments advanced by his opponents.
		The Letter to the Grand Duchess is richly laced with quotations from the Church Fathers, principally Augustine, all left in Latin: passages which lend authority to his arguments.
		In the passage in the 1615 Letter to the Grand Duchess which we have been examining, and elsewhere in the letter, we find an additional argument, an argument not found in his earlier letters on the subject.
	home.comcast.net /~icuweb/c02908.htm (3536 words)

	Christina - InfoIndex.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Christina Ricci Christina Ricci is a talented actress that defies convention, and really means it when she says, "I'm doing it for the work, not the money.".
		Christina Rossetti was born in London, one of four children of Italian parents.
		Christina Rossetti was born in 1830 in London.
	infoindex.org /l/Christina.htm (823 words)

	Discoveries and Opinions of Galileo (1610 Letter to the Grand Duchess Christina) \| Stillman Drake...
		In the Letter to the Grand Duchess Christina, Galileo puts up a staunch defense to the church in his adopting the Copernican heliocentric model of the universe.
		All students of science are familiar with the events which led to the confrontation between Galileo and the Church and of the outcome which impacted so negatively on the relationship between science and religion.
		The Discoveries and Opinions of Galileo is an excellent summary and translation, by Stillman Drake, of Galileo's 4 greatest works, including The Starry Messanger, The Assayer, Letters on Sunspots, and the Letter to the Grand Duchess Christina.
	www.this-is-great.com /info/falnfbsaba (1087 words)

	Grand duchess - Grand Ducal Family of Luxembourg - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Victoria Melita, Princess of Edinburgh, Grand Duchess of Hesse, Grand Duchess of Russia by Jesús Ibarra Queen Victoria: Grand Duchess Victoria's grandmother
		Of her experiences in the Roman Catholic world, the grand duchess sometimes The grand duchess, of her own volition decided to unite herself to the
		The male-line descendants of HRH Grand Duchess Charlotte hold the titles Prince(ss) of Luxembourg, Prince(ss) of Nassau, and Prince(ss) of Bourbon-Parma
	bewiner.com /?q=grand-duchess (271 words)

	Grand duchess - Grand Duchess Elisabeth
		Grand Duchess Olga, age 19, at her St. Petersburg residence shortly after her first marriage to Photograph from "The Last Grand Duchess" by Ian Vorres.
		He was killed when going to join the Grand Duchess in one of the churches of The Grand Duchess Serge had long been known as a noble and saintly woman,
		Amazon.com: The Last Grand Duchess: Her Imperial Highness Grand Duchess Olga Alexandrovna, 1 June 1882-24 November 1960: Books by Ian Vorres.
	www.bestscape.com /bssa/grand-duchess.htm (240 words)

	Grand duchess - Modern History Sourcebook: Galileo: Letter to Grand Duchess (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Grand Duchess Elizabeth was murdered by the Bolsheviks and thrown down an abandoned mine shaft (presumably
		Galileo Galilei: Letter to the Grand Duchess Christina of Tuscany, 1615.
		Grand Duchess Olga with Anna Vyrubova and an unidentified person.
	easylinkweb.com /?q=grand-duchess (242 words)

	Modern History Sourcebook: Galileo: Letter to Grand Duchess
		Galileo Galilei to the Grand Duchess Christina of Tuscany, 1615
		Some years ago, as Your Serene Highness well knows, I discovered in the heavens many things that had not been seen before our own age.
		This is wiser counsel than to condemn either side in the absence of such certainty, thus depriving oneself of continued authority and ability to choose by determining things which are now undetermined and open and still lodged in the will of supreme authority.
	www.gpc.edu /~proseman/1112-HonReadings/Galileo-Letter.htm (2637 words)

	Galileo (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The publication caused a sensation because it included claims of mountains on the Moon, of the Milky Way being composed of tiny stars, and four bodies orbiting the planet Jupiter.
		Galileo was appointed "Mathematician and Philosopher" to Cosimo II de Medici, the Grand Duke of Tuscany.
		Galileo submitted: for sixteen years he remained silent, although in 1615 he wrote to the Grand Duchess Christina of Tuscany stating why he thought his views were correct and did not contradict the Church's teachings.
	idcs0100.lib.iup.edu /scirev/SciRev_galileo.html (970 words)

	SparkNotes: Galileo Galilei: The First Confrontation
		In December of 1613, Galileo received a letter from Father Castelli, a close friend of his and a fellow astronomer.
		Castelli had recently dined with the royal family of Tuscany, and he reported how the Grand Duchess Christina had criticized the heliocentric theory for its repudiation of Holy Scripture.
		Galileo fired back a letter to his friend that would later be published, with the author's permission, across Italy.
	www.sparknotes.com /biography/galileo/section6.rhtml (629 words)

	Catholic History
		Some time afterwards, in 1615, he wrote a much longer and more important letter to the Grand Duchess Christina of Tuscany, in which he is said to have endeavored to accommodate to the Copernican theory the various passages in Scripture which seem to be inconsistent with it.
		Their report was submitted in September, 1632; it was highly unfavorable to Galileo.
		The Pope then wrote to the Grand Duke of Tuscany, in whose service Galileo was at the time, saying that the case must go before the Inquisition, and that the accused must come to Rome and stand his trial.
	friarsminor.org /xvii1-4.html (2494 words)

	Galileo - EvoWiki (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		He attribted to Cardinal Baronius the comment "that the intention of the Holy Ghost is to teach us how one goes to heaven.
		not how heaven goes" (Letter to the Grand Duchess Christina of Tuscany, 1615 (http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/galileo-tuscany.html)), and he expounded on theological matters in a similar vein.
		This was an early version of Stephen Jay Gould's Non-Overlapping Magisteria (NOMA), but some theologians back then may not have been pleased about sacrificing some territory.
	wiki.cotch.net /index.php/Galileo (587 words)

	ikia.ca - duchess (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Prince Charles and his new wife Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall, wrapped up their visit to the United States on Tuesday...
		THE FRUGAL DUCHESS Sharon Harvey Rosenberg: eBay is the way to go for...
		Welsh soldiers stood to attention yesterday to receive their Iraq tour medals and bravery honours from the Prince of Wales and his wife, the Duchess of Cornwall.
	ikia.ca /duchess/reference/search (217 words)

	Discoveries and Opinions of Galileo (1610 Letter to the Grand Duchess Christina) (Stillman Drake , Galileo) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Discoveries and Opinions of Galileo (1610 Letter to the Grand Duchess Christina) (Stillman Drake, Galileo)
		Overall, I think most people will be educated and entertained by reading this book.
		Discourse on Method and Meditations on First Philosophy, 4th Ed.
	www.interference.com /webstore/us/product/0385092393.htm (857 words)

	All words on Nancy
		It stood bright and warm and beautiful; its great golden feet were shaped like all.
		You never have seen a stove like it, for it was white where our and grand gentlemen painted all over it, and everywhere it was sixty years before, Karl's grandfather had dug it up out of some whole, had taken it home; and ever since then it had stood in the big shining feet.
		The grandfather did not know it, but it was a wonderful dishes and tiles and vases, out of china and porcelain and clay.
	www.allwords.org /na/nancy.html (547 words)

	Galileo
		Letter to the Grand Duchess Christina of Tuscany
		In his Letter to the Grand Duchess, Galileo explores the relationship between science and religion as he defends the heliocentric theory and the autonomy of scientific inquiry.
		The Letter was published (in the Italian vernacular) in 1615, a time when there was still debate within the Church about the heliocentric theory, with some clergy (primarily Jesuits) defending the open exchange of ideas and defending Galileo in particular.
	history.hanover.edu /courses/excerpts/111gal2.html (1767 words)

	WIST - A Collection of Quotations :: G
		Why, this would be as if an absolute despot, being neither a physician nor an architect but knowing himself free to command, should undertake to administer medicines and erect buildings according to his whim-at grave peril of his poor patients' lives, and the speedy collapse of his edifices.
		But I believe nobody will deny that it is often very abstruse, and may say things which are quite different from what its bare words signify.
		I do not feel obliged to believe that the same God who has endowed us with sense, reason, and intellect has intended us to forgo their use.
	wist.hill-kleerup.org /authors/g.html (5337 words)

	Letter to the Grand Duchess (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Letter to the Grand Duchess Christina Discussion Questions
		In this letter to the Grand Duchess Christina of Tuscany, a key Catholic patron of the arts and learning, Galileo defends his scientific findings from his critics and argues for a separation of religious faith from the study of the physical universe.
		What was Galileo's theory of the physical structure of the universe?
	www.gpc.edu /~rflynn/web_ct_courses/discussion/galileo/duchess_letter_discussion.html (106 words)

	Discoveries and Opinions of Galileo (1610 Letter to the Grand Duchess Christina),Books,Cheap Discount ...
		Although the introductory sections are a bit dated, this book contains some of the best translations available of Galileo's works in English.
		This book was poorly organized, I was dissapointed by the quality of the work...Would not reccomend this to other's as quality work of Galileo
		Designated trademarks and brands are the property of their respective owners.
	www.uscurrencyauctions.com /ItemId/0385092393 (559 words)

	Documents Related to the History of International Relations, prior to 1914
		Proclamation of Tsar Alexander to the Grand Duchy of Finland, 28 Feburary 1891
		The Gracious Manifesto of the Imperial Majesty, Tsar Nicholas, to the Grand Duchy of Finland
		Decree to the Grand Duchy of Finland on the matter of conscription, June 1899
	www.mtholyoke.edu /acad/intrel/irhistry.htm (7827 words)

	Amazon.com: Discoveries and Opinions of Galileo (1610 Letter to the Grand Duchess Christina): Books: Stillman ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Amazon.com: Discoveries and Opinions of Galileo (1610 Letter to the Grand Duchess Christina): Books: Stillman Drake,Galileo
		Join Amazon Prime and ship Two-Day for free and Overnight for $3.99.
		Discoveries and Opinions of Galileo (1610 Letter to the Grand Duchess Christina) (Paperback)
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0385092393?v=glance (1829 words)

	EDUCATION PLANET - 95 Web Sites for Senses (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		McKnight believed that the historical development of communic...
		Modern History Sourcebook: Galileo: Letter to Grand Duchess * - Back to Modern History SourceBook Modern History Sourcebook: Galileo Galilei: Letter to the Grand Duchess Christina of Tuscany, 1615 To the Most Serene Grand Duchess Mother: Some years ago, as Your Serene Highness well knows, I discovered in the heavens
		Around the World in 80 Clicks * - Travel around the world to 80 different sites and see live views via webcams.
	www.educationplanet.com /search/Health/Body_Systems/Senses?startval=40 (378 words)

	Western Civ II - Sources (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Galileo - Read this, the conclusion of the trial of Galileo
		Bellarmine on Galileo's Theories and Letter to the Grand Duchess Christina of Tuscany- read these two letters, which help to understand perceptions of and reactions to Galileo.
		Questions: On what grounds did the church condemn Galileo?
	clem.mscd.edu /~marquepa/WCiv2Fa05/Sources/source6.htm (117 words)

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