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	Christina of Sweden - LoveToKnow 1911
		CHRISTINA (1626-1689), queen of Sweden, daughter of Gustavus Adolphus and Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg, was born at Stockholm on the 8th of December 1626.
		She seemed to consider Swedish affairs as far too petty to occupy her full attention; while her unworthy treatment of the great chancellor was mainly due to her jealousy of his extraordinary reputation and to the uneasy conviction that, so long as he was alive, his influence must at least be equal to her own.
		Twice she returned to Sweden (1660 and 1667) in the vain hope of recovering the succession, finally settling in Rome, where she died on the 19th of April 1689, poor, neglected and forgotten.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Christina_of_Sweden (802 words)

	Encyclopedia: Christina of Sweden (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Princess Catherine of Sweden (Prinsessan Katarina) (November 10, 1584 â€“ December 13, 1638) was the daughter of Charles IX of Sweden.
		Christina of Sweden was born on December 8, 1626 in Stockholm, Sweden.
		Christina was the daughter of King Gustav II Adolf and Maria Eleonora of Brandonburg.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Christina-of-Sweden (1241 words)

	Christina of Sweden
		Christina of Sweden was born on December 8, 1626 in Stockholm, Sweden.
		Christina was the daughter of King Gustav II Adolf and Maria Eleonora of Brandonburg.
		Christina's birth had many implications in that at first the midwives thought she was born a male.
	departments.kings.edu /womens_history/christina.html (1443 words)

	The Fitzwilliam Museum : Portrait of the Month
		Christina of Sweden was born on 8 December 1626, the only legitimate heir of King Gustav II Adolf and Maria Elenora of Brandonburg.
		Christina was known throughout Europe as ‘Minerva of the North’ because of her efforts to develop a ‘Court of Learning’ in Sweden.
		It is in the guise of Minerva that Christina is portrayed in Falck’s engraving, as indicated by the inclusion of the god’s attributes, the olive branch and the owl, symbolising peace and wisdom.
	www.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk /dept/pdp/portraitofthemonth/Christina.html (535 words)

	Christina of Sweden: bio and encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Christina (1626 – 1689) or Kristina, later known as Maria Christina Alexandra and sometime Count Dohna, was Queen of Sweden (A Scandinavian kingdom in the eastern part of the Scandinavian Peninsula) from 1632 to 1654, was the daughter of King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden (additional info and facts about Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden).
		She was born in Stockholm (The capital and largest city of Sweden; located in southern Sweden on the Baltic) on December 18, 1626 and the birth occurred during a rare astrological conjunction that fueled great speculation on what influence the child, fervently hoped to be a boy, would have later on the world stage.
		Upon conversion she took a new name Maria Christina Alexandra and moved to Rome (Capital and largest city of Italy; on the Tiber; seat of the Roman Catholic Church; formerly the capital of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire), where her wealth and former position made her a centre of society.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/c/ch/christina_of_sweden.htm (1382 words)

	Christina (queen) - MSN Encarta
		Christina (Swedish : Kristina) (8 December 1626 – 19 April 1689), later known as Maria Christina Alexandra and sometimes Countess Dohna, was Queen regnant of Sweden from...
		Christina queen, in Swedish, Kristina 1626-89, queen of Sweden 1632-54.
		The sole heir of Gustav II Adolph, Christina succeeded her father at the age of six, a regency under Axel Oxenstierna ruling until she assumed full royal power in 1644.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761577862/Christina_(queen).html (239 words)

	glbtq >> social sciences >> Christina of Sweden
		That Christina slept with one of the women of her court meant nothing in and of itself: in the cold north it was a common and practical custom for people of the same sex to share a bed merely to keep warm.
		Christina's physical attraction to Sparre is made clear, however, in the loving letters that she wrote to her after leaving Sweden.
		A portrait of Christina of Sweden by Sébastien Bourdon.
	www.glbtq.com /social-sciences/christina_sweden.html (842 words)

	::Queen Christina of Sweden::
		As Christina was only six when she became queen on her father's untimely death at the Battle of Lutzen, a regency was created lead by Axel Oxenstierna.
		Sweden's participation in the Thirty Years War was effectively directed by this regency until in 1644 when Christina came of age.
		Christina did abdicate in June 1654 when she gave way to her nominated successor, Charles Gustav who became Charles X. There is no doubt that her religious views pushed her into abdicating; however, the crown was in a desperate financial state as a result of the Thirty Years War.
	www.historylearningsite.co.uk /queen_christina_of_sweden.htm (449 words)

	Sweden Genealogy Forum
		Re: Hilda Christina Andersson and Erik Lindgren - Inga Olsson 4/24/08
		Re: Gustafson's from Grythyttan Sweden abt 1900 - Judy Baouab 4/04/08
		Re: Gustafson's from Grythyttan Sweden abt 1900 - Judy Baouab 4/08/08
	genforum.genealogy.com /sweden (5538 words)

	Salem Press
		Christina was the daughter of the beloved King Gustavus II Adolphus of Sweden and Maria Eleonora, daughter of the elector of Brandenburg.
		Christina was the only one of the couple's children to survive beyond her first year and was convinced that she was hated by her mother because of her gender--both mother and father had hoped for a male heir to the throne.
		Christina remains enigmatic, and perhaps this is why much of what has been written about her has focused on the questions of whether she had sexual relations with Sparre, Azzolino, Monaldeschi, or other members of her court, or on questions of her alleged hermaphroditism or lesbian sexuality.
	salempress.com /Store/samples/great_lives_from_history_seventeenth/great_lives_from_history_seventeenth_christina.htm (2197 words)

	wpchris
		Queen Christina was born in 1626 in Stockholm, Sweden to King Gustavus II and Marie-Eleanore of Brandenburg.
		In 1632, when Christina was six years old, her father was killed at the Battle of Lutzen of the Thirty Years War in which he was fighting to save Protestantism.
		Christina was welcomed by the most prominent people, not only as the former queen of Sweden but as a great patroness.
	www.vanderbilt.edu /Blair/Courses/MUSL243/wpchris.htm (1074 words)

	Christina of Sweden, the Porta Magica and the Italian poets of the Golden and Rosy Cross
		Prior to that that, however, Christina had been approached by the alchemist Johannes Franck, who described her future reign as the fulfillment of Paracelsus’ prophecy of a return of Helias Artista and of Sendivogius’ vision of the the rise of a metallic monarchy of the North.
		Christina was now turning towards Catholicism, but it is possible that she heard of the translation project from Le Blon, who acted as her art curator.
		Christina adds that with one grain of the projection powder one is able to convert "500 livres" of lead, that is 250 kg, into 24 carats of gold.
	www.levity.com /alchemy/queen_christina.html (3000 words)

	Royalty.nu - Swedish Royalty, Kings and Queen of Sweden
		Some of the history of the early kings of Sweden can be found in the English poem Beowulf, which was probably written in the seventh or eighth century AD, and sagas such as the Heimskringla, by 13th century Icelandic historian Snorri Sturluson.
		Sweden and Norway were united under the same monarch, King Magnus, in 1319.
		Sweden dropped out of the Kalmar union in 1523 and elected its own king, Gustav I. The current Swedish royal family, the House of Bernadotte, is descended from a French commoner, Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte, who was a marshal of Napoleon Bonaparte.
	www.royalty.nu /Europe/Scandinavia/Sweden.html (978 words)

	Queen Christina Of Sweden And The Marquis Monaldeschi
		SWEDEN today is one of the peaceful kingdoms of the world, whose people are prosperous, well governed, and somewhat apart from the clash and turmoil of other states and nations.
		Christina's subjects were still rude and lacking in accomplishments; therefore she had to summon men of genius from other countries, especially from France and Italy.
		Christina, with the marquis and a large retinue, was at Fontainebleau in November, 1657.
	www.oldandsold.com /articles23/famous-people-5.shtml (4210 words)

	ipedia.com: Christina of Sweden Article (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Christina or Kristina, later known as Maria Christina Alexandra and sometime Count Dohna, was Queen of Sweden from 1632 to 1654, was the daughter of King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden.
		She contemplated an alliance with Spain, a state quite outside the orbit of Swedens influence, the firstfruits of which were to have been an invasion of Portugal.
		Her status as the most notable convert to Catholicism of the age, and the famous woman worldwide (even more famous than Elizabeth I of England) at the time, made it possible for her to ignore, flaut even, most common requirements of obeisance to the catholic faith.
	www.ipedia.com /christina_of_sweden.html (1101 words)

	Philosophers : Christina of Sweden
		Perhaps best known as the indirect cause of death of Rene Descartes, Princess Christina of Sweden was a student of the master philosopher.
		She is well-known as the provacateur of Descartes' "Letter on Love." This was the beginning of a number of letters that passed between the two, which influenced Christina to eventually call Descartes to her home in Sweden in order for him to better tutor her in the Cartesian methods of philosophy.
		A well educated and intelligent monarch, she converted to Catholicism soon after Descares' death, and after abdicating the throne in 1654 she moved to Rome where she died alone, unknown and penniless.
	www.trincoll.edu /depts/phil/philo/phils/christina.html (139 words)

	Christina Pattison
		Christina Pattison was born in Sweden and moved from Stockholm to Harpenden, in 1963.
		Christina's paintings (and sculptures) are unique and easily recognised, expressing joy, colour and movement.
		Christina says, 'My way of painting is drawn from my roots in Sweden, a long beautiful country, that holds itself in majesty through its folklore, culture and history.
	www.christinapattison.co.uk (279 words)

	Christina of Sweden Encyclopedia Article, Description, History and Biography @ CreatedByGod.com (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Her father gave orders that Christina should be brought up as a prince.
		A monument to her was carved later on and adorns a column close to the permanent display of Michelangelo's Pietà.
		Goldsmith, Margaret L. Christina of Sweden; a psychological biography." London: A. Barker Ltd. 1935.
	www.createdbygod.com /encyclopedia/Christina_of_Sweden (1489 words)

	Mookychick Icon: Queen Christina
		Queen Christina, born in 1626, ruled Sweden from 1632 to 1654, then abdicated and converted to Catholicism and went to live in Rome.
		When she was 5, Christina's father was killed in the 30 Years' War and Christina was crowned Queen, under the tutorship of the Chancellor.
		Ex-Queen Christina was received by the Pope and given accommodation, and for a while she was the centre of society and one of the most famous women of the age, but her uncoventionality caused gossip and slander, so she decided to move on.
	www.mookychick.co.uk /icon/queen_christina.php (1170 words)

	Christina, Queen of Sweden By Veronica Buckley
		The story of Queen Christina of Sweden begins even before her birth on a cold December night in 1626.
		To understand Christina, we must understand the world into which she was born.
		Christina was even more a disappointment to her father because he was at first told she was a boy.
	www.myshelf.com /biography/05/christinaqueenofsweden.htm (296 words)

	christina of sweden and other sweden related information (Site not responding. Last check: )
		1689) Christina of Sweden was born on December 8, 1626 in Stockholm, Sweden.
		Christina of Sweden, the Porta Magica and the Italian poets of the...
		Susanna Ãkerman, Queen Christina of Sweden and her Circle: The Transformation of a Philosophical Libertine.
	www.nethorde.com /sweden/christina-of-sweden.html (246 words)

	Christina Milian: Rising to Her Vocation
		Christina is so talented that Jennifer Lopez recorded one of Christinaâs songs on her recent album J.Lo.
		Christina: Yes, that was the first date and now weâre in Vegas and we have a show tomorrow.
		Christina: Iâm kind of used to it from being in commercials when I was little, people were always coming up to me saying, "Hey, arenât you from that commercial?" It feels great and I always try to communicate.
	www.christinamilian.org /articles/news.php?newsid=1 (1138 words)

	St Peter's - Monument to Christina of Sweden
		There are three reliefs on the urn: Christina relinquishes the throne of Sweden to embrace Catholicism (center), the scorn of the nobility (on the right), faith which triumphs over heresy (on the left).
		The pope (Innocent XII) wanted a memorial in St Peter's to Queen Christina of Sweden, in whose conversion he vainly foresaw a return of her country to the Faith and to whose contribution towards the culture of the city he looked back with gratitude.
		At Rome, Christina's home was in the Palazzo Farnese; during her residence here she sought to satisfy her intellectual ambitions as well as the longings of her devout and loving heart.
	saintpetersbasilica.org /Monuments/ChristinaofSweden/ChristinaofSweden.htm (725 words)

	Quotations About and By Queen Christina of Sweden by Tracy Marks
		She seems rough, brusque...and libertine in all she says, but....there is nothing in Christina that is contrary to the honor that depends from chastity.
		This aggressiveness, this overwhelming preoccupation with self, with her own interest, her glory, her virtue, and the impression the would make on the world and posterity was the flaw that brought nemesis down on her head.
		Christina's courage, her belief in rights and liberties, rare in her day, her recognition of religious and spiritual values, and her generosity went far to mitigate her glaring faults, which she paid for with a life of great unhappiness.
	www.windweaver.com /christina/chrisquotes.htm (1599 words)

	New Sweden - IBWiki
		New Sweden, or Nya Sverige, was a Swedish colony and is now part of the North American League and also the Scandinavian Realm.
		By the middle of the 17th century, the Realm of Sweden had reached its greatest territorial extent and was on the verge of becoming one of the great powers of Europe.
		Sweden then included Finland along with parts of modern Russia, Poland, Germany, Estonia, and Latvia.
	ib.frath.net /w/New_Sweden (538 words)

	Christina of Sweden Biography Summary
		Christina (1626-1689), Queen of Lutheran Sweden, who abdicated at the height of Sweden's power during the Thirty Years' War, converted to Catholicism, and spent the second half of her life in Rome.
		Christina (Swedish: Kristina) (8 December[1] 1626 – 19 April 1689), later known as Maria Christina Alexandra and sometimes Countess Dohna, was Queen regnant of Sweden from 1632 to 1654.
		SWEDEN'S VOTERS have made it very clear that most of them no longer support the regime of broad social benefits and high taxes under which they have lived all their lives.
	www.bookrags.com /Christina_of_Sweden (285 words)

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