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Topic: Christmas customs in Poland

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	christmas (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Christmas is celebrated on December 25 in all Christian churches (Eastern Rite Roman & Protestant), but since most Eastern Orthodox churches have not accepted either the Gregorian calendar or the Revised Julian Calendar reforms, the Ecclesiastic December 25 will fall on the civil date of January 7 for the years between 1900 to 2099.
		Christmas is also popular in Japan, encouraged by the commercial sector who see the opportunities in encouraging gift-giving as well as popular feelings that favor a celebration.
		Christmas is traditionally associated with the Northern Hemisphere winter, and thus winter motifs are prominent in Christmas decorations and in the Santa Claus myth.
	www.yourencyclopedia.net /christmas.html (3787 words)

	Learn more about Christmas in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Christmas is also celebrated as a secular holiday throughout much of the world.
		Christmas is also somewhat popular in Japan, encouraged by the commercial sector who see the opportunities in encouraging gift-giving.
		Another christmas story is the acclaimed film, It's a Wonderful Life which is essentially the reverse of A Christmas Carol where the hero, George Bailey, is a businessman who sacrifised his dreams to help his community.
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /c/ch/christmas.html (2341 words)

	Poland
		Boleslaus III of Poland '']] Boleslaus III the Wrymouth (Bolesław III Krzywousty), (Ladislaus Herman of Poland an...
		Rikissa of Poland Rikissa of Sverker I of Sweden.
		Stanislaus I of Poland Stanislaw I Leszczynski (Lorraine.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /topics/poland.html (2381 words)

	Holiday Traditions - France
		Christmas customs, originating in the Middle East, were introduced to France by the Romans.
		Thus Christmas gradually became both a religious and secular celebration which, in fact, until the end of the Middle Ages, was confused with the celebration of the new year.
		Another custom is that of the manger, "la crèche," which originated in 12th century France in the form of liturgical drama.
	www.californiamall.com /holidaytraditions/traditions-France.htm (1066 words)

	Christmas Worldwide Encyclopedia Article, Definition, History, Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Christmas lights are a near-universal holiday feature, and with the summery weather, fireworks displays are also found, especially over the cities of Brazil.
		Christmas in Slovakia is largely a celebration of family, food, and religious observation.
		Christmas is as everywhere a holiday of food, with the central Christmas feast focused on baked ham, but there are wide regional variations as to what day it is best served.
	www.variedtastes.com /encyclopedia/Christmas_worldwide (3905 words)

	Christmas - FreeEncyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Christmas is celebrated every year on December 25 in most Western Christian churches (Protestant and Roman Catholic), and on the civil date of January 7 (1900 to 2099) in Eastern Orthodox churches which have not accepted either the Gregorian calendar or the Revised Julian Calendar reforms.
		Many aspects of the Christian holiday, such as the Christmas Tree, the Yule Log, and the giving of presents, were taken from the earlier pagan holiday of Yule and the traditional celebrations of the Winter solstice.
		In the period before Christmas, there are many Christmas services[?] at which Christmas hymns[?] and Christmas carols are sung, and there are special services, typified by the Festival of Nine Lessons and Carols[?] at Cambridge, at which the birth of Jesus is celebrated.
	openproxy.ath.cx /ch/Christmas.html (1631 words)

	Christmas customs in Poland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Unlike in other Christian countries Christmas Eve seems to be the crux of Christmas.
		One must buy Christmas presents, food for the Christmas meals and a Christmas tree (usually a fir tree) that is lavishly decorated and placed in a prominent place in the living room.
		Christmas Eve (Wigilia) (and Christmas in general) is an occasion for family reunions and everyone tries to spend the evening with their family.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Christmas_customs_in_Poland (253 words)

	Christmas Customs
		Christmas Day is a day of colorful procession as the Indians who live and work in the highlands and mountains dress in their finest and ride their brightly arrayed llamas down to the ranches where their employers live.
		Christmas dinner begins with rice pudding with a lucky almond hidden in it for someone, and a bowl is also set out for the barn elf so that he will continue to watch over the animals and not turn mischievous.
		Though Christmas in Poland is officially known as Bozz Narodzenie, it is most often referred to as Gwiazdka, which means "little star." Once the star appears, a special rice wafer blessed by the parish priest called oplatki, is broken into pieces and shared by all.
	library.taylor.k12.in.us /tms/pg2ab1.htm (7306 words)

	holiday traditions - England
		Christmas is Britain's most popular holiday and is characterised by traditions which date back hundreds of years.
		Carols are often sung on Christmas Eve by groups of singers to their neighbours, and children hang a stocking on the fireplace or at the foot of their bed for Santa Claus (also named Father Christmas) to fill.
		Christmas dinner consists traditionally of a roast turkey, goose or chicken with stuffing and roast potatoes.
	www.californiamall.com /holidaytraditions/traditions-england.htm (909 words)

	Christmas In Poland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Christmas and Easter are the two most important holidays in Poland.
		They could actually be called the two most important holiday seasons in Poland, because their celebrations last 2 or 3 months.
		Christmas In Poland starts on November 12th and lasts until January 6 or February 2nd in some places.
	www.ncsu.edu /midlink/holidays/ligon.holiday/Poland/Poland.html (571 words)

	Christmas Archives: Christmas in Poland
		Where we send Christmas cards, Poles send these blessed wafers first tearing off a small corner to show those who are to receive them, that the donor has broken it with them as a token of affection.
		We can guess at the tender pleasure they feel when across the sea comes these little white wafers to remind them of the old times when they too sat round the straw covered table; to prove to them that though their place is now empty, they are there in the spirit and remembered with love.
		Beautifully decked Christmas trees adorn the corners; and we can guess the rest of the scene, because children are the same all over the world.
	www.christmasarchives.com /wpoland.html (1822 words)

	Christmas (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Christmas is celebrated on December 25 in most Western Christian churches (Protestant and Roman Catholic), and on the civil date of January 7 (1900 to 2099) in Eastern Orthodox churches which have not accepted either the Gregorian calendar or the Revised Julian Calendar reforms.
		Christmas is celebrated to a lesser extent in the United States, where Thanksgiving is generally considered the major festival in the year.
		In the Netherlands Christmas Day and Boxing Day are called (the equivalent of) First and Second Christmas Day.
	usapedia.com /c/christmas.html (2021 words)

	Christmas customs in Poland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Christmas is the most celebrated and the most important holiday in Poland.
		Christmas Eve (and Christmas in general) is an occasion for family reunions and eveyone tries to spend the evening with their family.
		The second day of Christmas is for visiting friends and relatives.
	usapedia.com /c/christmas-customs-in-poland.html (238 words)

	History of Christmas (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Christmas is a Christian holiday that has been celebrated for centuries in honor of the birth of Christ.
		Several Christmas traditions were based on the story of Christ's birth according to the Bible.
		Sharing different cultural beliefs and customs with family and friends can be the most memorable part of the holiday season.
	www.birthdayexpress.com /bexpress/planning/Christmas.asp (932 words)

	Christmas in Poland. Santa's Net. Christmas Traditions. Christmas Around the World.
		During Advent and, in some homes, on Christmas Eve, bees wax is poured on water, and fortunes are told from the shapes which emerge.
		Christmas Eve, Wagilia, is an important part of the Polish Christmas, in fact, the most important rituals are celebrated on this day.
		A traditional food found in Poland is Oplatek which is piece of bread pressed with a holy picture on the surface.
	www.santas.net /polishchristmas.htm (399 words)

	The Culture of Poland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Poland's national culture was born of Latin and Byzantine influences, and influenced by various European occupations throughout the country's history.
		Poland's greatest composer was Frederic Chopin, whose work reflects the Polish national spirit and brings the romanticism of that era to modern day.
		Poland's eastern frontiers marked the boundary of the influences of Western architecture on the continent.
	www.globalvolunteers.org /1main/poland/polandculture.htm (1146 words)

	Christmas in Poland
		Customs to ensure a betrothal or good harvest were a major part of rural Polish Christmas time traditions.
		It was bolstered by sayings such as, "As goes Christmas Eve, goes the year." Hoping for a good 12 months, everyone was polite and generous to one another and forgave past grievances.
		If the first person to enter a house on Christmas Eve was a woman, it was a bad omen, meaning that only heifers would be born in the farm in the coming year.
	www.polishworld.com /christmas (830 words)

	Polish Things - Customs, Music, Recipes, etc..... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Customs - Poland is a land of many ancient customs.
		Poland on the Web has a great collection of links to many facets of Poland: history, culture, geography, and more.
		Christmas Customs - Poland is a land rich in history and steeped in religious traditions.
	www.leonkonieczny.com /polish.htm (1132 words)

	Christmas in Poland
		Poland is a land of fascinating traditions, superstitions, and legends.
		highlight of Christmas celebrations in Poland is Christmas Eve as the family watches for the first star of the night or Gwiazdka (little star), in remembrance of the Star of Bethlehem.
		Custom dictates that an even number of people must be seated around the table with one place left empty for a stranger, the spirit of a deceased member of the family or the Holy Spirit.
	christmas-world.freeservers.com /poland.html (569 words)

	Christmas - ReligionFacts.com
		Christmas is the celebration of the birth of Jesus Christ that is observed on December 25.
		The English word "Christmas" derives from the old English Christes maesse, meaning "Christ's mass." Unlike Easter, Christmas was not celebrated by the earliest Christians.
		Not only the date, but many other aspects of Christmas owe their origins to pagan celebrations, such as the Yule log, the tree, gift-giving, and lights.
	www.religionfacts.com /christianity/holidays/christmas.htm (684 words)

	Christmas
		Christmas traditions and customs in: Australia, Austria, Brazil, Canada, Denmark, England, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Greenland, Ireland, Italy, Mexico, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Scotland, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United States, and Wales.
		Philippines: Christmas Customs and Traditions in the Philippines
		Christmas maze, mix and match snowman, interactive coloring book, slide puzzles and more.
	www.shellbeachschool.org /events/christmas.htm (816 words)

	Christmas World
		Learning about the Christmas customs of various nations helps us to understand the wide variety of traditions that families have practiced for many centuries around the globe.
		He provides Christmas information to Charles Osgood and can often be heard during Christmas week on "The Osgood File" on the CBS Radio Network.
		For Christmas 2001, he is designed "Christmas in the Alps" a museum exhibit for an historic Florida museum.
	www.christmas-world.freeservers.com (1026 words)

	christmas ornament poland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		In eastern Poland it is still believed that girls who grind poppy seed on Christmas Eve can...
		Poland is a land of intriguing traditions traditions and legends.
		Christmas in Poland, christmas traditons, christmas around the world, santa claus favorite Christmas facts, recipes, songs, carols, boomarks, movies,...
	www.funnylighters.com /lighter/christmas-ornament-poland.html (183 words)

	xmas-dende
		On Christmas Eve, millions of families with Polish backgrounds will take part in customs they have been observing since childhood, cognizant of the symbolism they are upholding.
		Perhaps memories might be revived and interest heightened if a few of the stories of Christmas in Poland were retold at the traditional family Christmas Eve dinner.
		We appeal to all of you, especially to the Americans of Polish descent--second, third or fourth generation, to uphold the beautiful tradition of "wigilia" at which time the wafer (oplatek) is shared with the exchange of good wishes.
	www.polamjournal.com /Library/Holidays/xmasindex/xmas-dende/xmas-dende.html (393 words)

	Christmas Customs: Poland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Before the meal of soup, fish, noodles, poppy seeds, dumplings with sauerkraut and mushrooms followed by jelly (kiseil) cakes, fruit and nuts there is always a prayer in thanksgiving.
		The Christmas tree is lit, carols sung and prayers said.
		The church is decorated with Christmas trees and coloured lights.
	atschool.eduweb.co.uk /carolrb/christmas/poland.html (193 words)

	Polish Christmas Carols \| Christmas Archives by Maria Hubert von Staufer
		Polish Christmas Carols are amongst the richest in Europe.
		Their Latin form in Poland dates from the 15th, the vernacular one from the 16th century In the naive familiarity with which the husbandman treats Jesus and His Mother, we get something of the atmosphere of Polish country life its relations and habits its feelings and ways of expressing them.
		For carols are not prayers only but tales in an uncouth language artless, without talent and often even without rhyme The influence of Polish dame forms in the 18th century made carols still more worldly and her task according to an old Polish manuscript, of amusing and lulling the Child to sleep,' became easier.
	www.christmasarchives.com /polishcarols.html (1403 words)

	Istria on the Internet - Customs & Traditions - Christmas
		There is a charming custom of planting "wheat candles" on the first Sunday of Advent to light on the Feast of St. Nicholas.
		In Poland the children's gifts are said to come from the stars and in Hungary angels bring them.
		While he was long celebrated for his many miracles, particularly those that preserved children from disaster, cruelty and disaster, at Lussingrande, however, he was revered especially as the protector of those in navigation or traveling at sea.
	www.istrianet.org /istria/customs/winter/st-nick1.htm (2977 words)

	Christmas Philatelic Club
		The American Christmas Museum is open in Chadds Ford, PA and another is planned for Lancaster, PA.
		A New Christmas Museum Jim Morrison describes the plans for the National Center in Lancaster, Pennsylvania.
		The invitation to membership in the Christmas Philatelic Club is open to any Christmas topical philatelist who is seriously interested in associating with those who collect likewise.
	www.hwcn.org /Information/sports/leisure/cpc/cpc_julaug96.html (269 words)

	CVC Christmas Page Christmas History International Christmas
		Although it was never celebrated in biblical times, Christmas is celebrated in local churches here in Visalia, California in praise of the fact that God loved us so much, he sent his one and only son to earth.
		Christmas was declared a Federal Holiday in America on June 26, 1870 under the government headed by President Ulysses S. Grant during the period of reconstruction following the American Civil War.
		Slovenian - Merry Christmas = vesele bozicne praznike OR vesel bozic.
	www.cvc.org /christmas (2451 words)

	Encyclopedia: Christmas customs in Poland
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		Christmas Eve (and Christmas in general) is an occasion for family reunions and everyone tries to spend the evening with their family.
		At midnight many people go to a special Mass in Catholic churches called Pasterka (Shepard's Mass).
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Christmas-customs-in-Poland (280 words)

	Christmas HQ - Christmas Customs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Explores the pagan origins of Christmas and contends that it is not a Christian holiday.
		Answers the questions where did Christmas come from, was Jesus born on December 25th, and why decorate...
		Contends that Christmas is not a Christian holiday and encourages readers to follow Jesus.
	www.christmas-hq.com /christmascustoms (725 words)

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