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Topic: Chroma keying

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	Chroma key - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A chroma key is the removal of a color (or small color range) from one image to reveal another image "behind" it.
		When the phase of the chroma signal corresponds to the preprogrammed state or states associated with the background color(s) behind the principal subject, the signal from the alternate background is inserted in the composite signal and presented at the output.
		When the phase of the chroma signal deviates from that associated with the background color(s) behind the principal subject, video associated with the principal subject is presented at the output.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Chroma_key (525 words)

	Definition: chroma keying (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		chroma keying: In television, nearly instantaneous switching between multiple video signals, based on the state, i.e.
		Note 1: Chroma keying is used to create an overlay effect in the final picture, e.g.
		When the phase of the chroma signal corresponds to the preprogrammed state or states associated with the background color, or range of colors, behind the principal subject, the signal from the alternate, i.e., false, background is inserted in the composite signal and presented at the output.
	www.its.bldrdoc.gov /fs-1037/dir-007/_0955.htm (184 words)

	Z-Key (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Z-key is a new image keying method which merges synthetic and real image in real time.
		Image keying is a method which merges two images.
		The two input images are connected to a switch which is turned according to some information (key) attached to image pixel.
	www.cs.cmu.edu /afs/cs/project/stereo-machine/www/z-key.html (343 words)

	The Mystery of Chroma Key Effects
		Chroma Keying, however, does not obtain its keying cues from the brightness of a video signal, but rather looks for a specific color of hue to be used as the cut-out reference.
		External Key is a feature on a digital mixer that permits the use to “cut” his or her keyhole with an image shape fed into a discrete video input of the mixer.
		Chroma Key often becomes the most difficult key effect to perform primarily because an exact combination blend of the Slice/Clip control and the Hue control must be achieved for perfect separation.
	www.studio1productions.com /Articles/KeyEffects.htm (1365 words)

	Chroma Key Pt 1
		Keying, whether chroma or luma, is the process of matting out specified colors in a frame of video.
		Keying means choosing a color for a background that FCP will get rid of, leaving your three year old googling around in whatever the video layer underneath it contains.
		Chroma Keying is not difficult, but it depends on the color and strength of light, so you must be METICULOUS about what light is where and when.
	www.lafcpug.org /chroma_key_part_1.html (4438 words)

	Chroma key programming - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Chroma keying is a technique that is used to remove a color from an image and show a different image in place of that color.
		In this article different quality and speed optimized techniques will be shown regarding how one can make color keying in software.
		This method uses solely the hue of a color, so that it's saturation and value, such as in a shadow, are not relevant.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Chroma_key_programming (244 words)

	The New Chroma Key for FCP 3
		Keying isn't any easier if you don't have good footage to work with, so make sure that your footage is the best it can be before you start.
		These are the Chroma Keyer's two interfaces; the Visual, which uses luma and chroma samplers to control the key, and the Numerical, located on the Filters tab, which uses numerical entry and sliders to control the key.
		Thus under each section of the numerical interface, Key on Chroma, Saturation and Luma, we find Width (the amount of space between the cut-offs from the pyramid on the visual interface), Softness (feathering), and with the exception of Chroma, we find a Minimum (the cut-off from the pyramid on the visual interface).
	www.kenstone.net /fcp_homepage/basic_chromakey_fcp_3.html (3664 words)

	Final Project Report (Michael Ashikhmin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Additionally, a high quality chroma key algorithm is intended to serve as an example of a fairly complex real-world algorithm which would be interesting to implement using Intel MMX or other multimedia enhanced architecture.
		The fundamental problem for a chroma key function is, first, to decide which pixels in the foreground image belong to the blue backing and which - to needed foreground objects and, second, how to identify and process boundary pixels.
		As a second part of the project, it was planed to re-implement the chroma key algorithm on MMX architecture as an example of a fairly complex real-world application.
	bmrc.berkeley.edu /courseware/cs294-3/fall97/projects/ashikhmin (1904 words)

	Click Grafix
		If keying out that same fl tone on a set, the talent may have shadows across clothing that cause an undesired 'hole' cut through them to the background plate.
		Chroma keying replaces the value of a particular color (typically a pure blue or green) with the background plate.
		Now, real-time chroma keying is quite useful for compositing and special effects, but it is not always easy to make convincing keys.
	www.clickgrafix.com /products/vt2_02cross.htm (530 words)

	Chroma Keying in Final Cut Pro HD
		Chroma keying is a really useful skill to add to your effects creation toolset.
		Chroma keying often alters certain color values, so it's a good idea to do a color correction pass to your subject (and/or your background).
		If you needed to have 2, 3 or more layers making up your chroma key effect (for example, if you had an unevenly lit background), and a color correction is needed, then I suggest that you nest them first and then add the color corrector to the nest.
	www.kenstone.net /fcp_homepage/chroma_key_fcp_hd_monahan.html (6351 words)

	Blue Screen with Adobe Premiere Pro
		Our goal is to use chroma keying to make a composite that combines two video scenes, a foreground scene and a background scene.
		Chroma keying works only if you posed your foreground subject against a reasonably uniform blue screen.
		Using chroma keying is vastly easier than editing each image in a video clip by hand.
	www.suite101.com /article.cfm/multimedia_education/107384 (481 words)

	chroma key
		The idea with the color key is that although you see colors disappearing from the video layer, in reality FCP is just creating an invisible mask whose edge is defined by the presence of colors in the layer.
		Now if the color key is sort of spotty and speckly (as are all honest color keys that have little or no feathering- no cheating, folks), there are little masks all over the layer, separated by areas that have none of our key color.
		If all your tools fail in the keying process and/or you are not able to control the footage source, you may have to resort to rotoscoping.
	www.lafcpug.org /chroma_key_part_2.html (3684 words)

	(WO 98/36379) A METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING CHROMA KEY, TRANSPARENCY AND FOG OPERATIONS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Chroma keying is performed which replaces the input texel color with a new color if the input texel color matches the chroma color.
		The chroma key circuitry keeps the input texel color and sets the alpha component to 1 if the input texel color does not match the chroma color.
		The chroma keyed texels are filtered using bilinear filtering.
	wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=98/36379.980820&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (206 words)

	Chroma Key Basics for DV Guerrillas - Part 2
		Finally, after a mixture of Color Key and Matte Choker have given you an acceptable key, you will probably see little areas where variants of the key color have sneaked through your battery of keying and matting tools.
		In choosing a method for that initial Chroma Key stage, one can choose from keying an expandable and collapseable range of colors, a linear color key, a difference matte and an extract matte.
		Another bonus of using AE for your Chroma Keying is that you can use a SEED PROJECT for all your footage that uses the same lighting and subject matter.
	www.videouniversity.com /chroma2.htm (3677 words)

	FOR-A America - Product List By Category (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Primatte® RT Plus is an improved version of the Primatte® chroma keyer that has already grown to popular standing in the NLE and computer graphics industry.
		Chroma keying for smoke, water, glass, hair, and other semi-transparent objects is done effortlessly.
		Chroma keying can be processed even when there is no color information, such as when fl or white is being used as the background color.
	www.for-a.com /sub_html/p_product/vrp70hs.html (862 words)

	Chroma Keying and Virtual Reality Simulation : SyncroMaster 550
		The SynchroMaster 550 features a sophisticated user interface, allowing the user to select a key color by simply moving the cursor lines over the foreground image until they are positioned over the desired color.
		Linear Chroma Keying: One image designated as foreground is generated with areas of a user-defined key color.
		The SynchroMaster 550 substitutes the background image wherever the key color appears in the foreground image; i.e., the foreground image becomes transparent and the background image shows through.
	rgb.com /en/Products/ViewProduct.asp?product=SynchroMaster550&... (382 words)

	DMN Forums - Apple Final Cut Pro
		The trick to a good chroma key is really in lighting the screen.
		In the effects window, there is a keying folder that contains a color key or chroma key (I'm not sure how they word it).
		A low number here only keys out pixels that are precisely the color you selected (with an eyedropper tool), and as this number gets higher, the shadows on your screen start to key out, and eventually the stuff you don't want to key out will start to disappear.
	www.wwug.com /forums/apple_final_cut/000317163152.htm (475 words)

	Chroma Key Lighting
		The key subject should be illuminated with it’s own key light (another 250 watt plus) that is preferably diffused with either an umbrella or a diffusion filter.
		As for the key subject light, place it about three or four feet off to one side or the other of the camera so as not to cast any direct shadows onto the background.
		And then make sure that you are not trying to key in a shinny object, such as a silver-colored model airplane (which will allow your backdrop to “bleed” all over it causing jaggies).
	www.studio1productions.com /Articles/ChromaLighting.htm (1038 words)

	Chroma Keying for the Masses: Serious Magic Ultra \| Tom's Hardware (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		This process, known as chroma keying, digitally replaces a background with either a still picture or with video, giving the illusion that the scene is taking place in a far-away city - or on a distant planet.
		Many vendors sell a foldable chroma key backdrop that is blue on one side and green on the other.
		True chroma key green or blue cloth will be very expensive, but your local fabric store probably has a similar color.
	www17.tomshardware.com /2004/10/28/chroma_keying_for_the_masses (774 words)

	"The Blue Screen / Chroma Key Page"
		In a luminance key, everything in the image over (or under) a set brightness level is "keyed" out and replaced by either another image, or a color from a color generator.
		When we want to key people over a background image, problems arise because people and their clothing have a wide range of tones.
		So the original chroma key was probably created by feeding the blue channel of a camera into a keyer.
	www.seanet.com /Users/bradford/bluscrn.html (4078 words)

	Blue Screen Tips
		This is still the highest quality, fastest technique, since you're keying the uncompressed camera signal at 4:4:4 sampling.
		Plan carefully in advance, display your prerendered 3D sets on one switcher buss, key the live video feed from the camera over the virtual set, twiddle the knobs until you're happy, record the output.
		Whether you are using blue or green for your key color, the wardrobe must stay far away from that color.
	www.greatdv.com /post/bluescreen.htm (811 words)

	Tutorial - 10 Tips for great Chroma Keying
		Try RGB Key or Color Key where you can select the color you want to key on with a color picker.
		If you are doing a lot of keying, you'll want to carefully record the settings you use, the lighting position and everything else that you may need to know to quickly re-create that perfect key you had during the last taping.
		You may freely redistribute or use this article on your website or in your newsletter as long as the article is unaltered and unedited.
	forums.afterdawn.com /thread_view.cfm/85814 (512 words)

	DMN Forums - Boris FX
		Just did a test on this today and was amazed at the ease of the Boris (M100) chroma keyer.
		Drop Shadow while chroma keying by Burt Holand at Feb. 02, 2000 7:24 pm gmt
		Re: Drop Shadow while chroma keying by Burt Holland at Feb. 11, 2000 4:52 pm gmt
	www.dmnforums.com /forums/borisfx/000112010438.html (182 words)

	creativepro.com - Play Partners with the BBC to Introduce Next Generation Chroma Keying
		Play's HoloSet represents a new approach to creating the many kinds of chroma key effects that have become essential to broadcasting, motion picture production and visual effects.
		Now the result of this effort elevates keying to a new level of quality and eliminates the creative limitations and technical difficulties previously associated with blue and green screen effects.
		For the first time it's easy to do chroma keying with almost any scene, even those with minimal lighting such as a scene illuminated solely by candlelight." While HoloSet's special reflective background appears gray to the naked eye, a camera fitted with the HoloRing sees vibrant blue light waves reflected off the background.
	www.creativepro.com /story/news/4279.html (411 words)

	Serious Magic - ULTRA reviews and Awards
		ULTRA is a tool that any editor should own if keying is important to the workflow.
		Having the ability to see real-time previews while making tweaking a chromakey shoot is terrific, and the fast rendering times (with appropriate equipment) really speed up the entire process.
		While you can get a decent key in and out of the system in minutes, the ability to polish up the look and feel of a keyed effect is amazing, and shadows and reflections alone are worth the price of admission."
	www.seriousmagic.com /ukquotes.cfm (750 words)

	MediaComplete Forums - Luminace or Chroma Keying for V-4 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		B-lumikey denotes that you'll be extracting fl from your keyed image, thus the white text and grey text effect will show up, and not the fl BG.
		Posted - 04/12/2005 : 11:50:32 PM At the services where I use a v-4 we usually use the chroma key function as opposed to the luminance feature.
		We set the backgrounds as solid blue, one of the brighter blues that is selectable from mediashout's color pallate, and simply set the adjustment knob before the service to the right level.
	www.mediashout.com /support/forum/topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=740 (564 words)

	ULTRA - Award-Winning Chroma Key and Virtual Set Software. Works with any Green Screen or Blue Screen
		Serious Magic's ULTRA 2 is a breakthrough that transforms keying into a practical daily production tool for all types of video professionals.
		ULTRA 2's Vector Keying™ technology blows away the primitive keyer built into your video editing software.
		ULTRA's Vector Keying™ technology compensates for keying nightmares such as uneven lighting, wrinkled backdrops and frizzy hair.
	www.seriousmagic.com /ukoverview.cfm (272 words)

	NewTek Discussions - Tips for chroma keying in VT4
		Hi All, I am about to embark on my first chroma key job and I was wondering if anyone had some killer tips for me.
		If you are this new to Chroma Key, do some tests and refine the process.
		The keys that this made were beautiful...and that was with the LIVE keyer...granted not for high end post but for local and internet broadcast it was fine and that was even with Glass and other transparent objects and a the moderator is a blonde shoulder length female...It looks GREAT.
	www.newtek.com /forums/printthread.php?t=34470&pp=40 (1420 words)

	[No title]
		You accomplish transparency using a technique known as chroma keying.
		See the "Chroma Keying, Alpha Blending, and Transparency" sidebar for more information on chroma keying.
		After updating the image, you also need to update the transparency key in order to match the changed values of the pixels.
	msdn.microsoft.com /msdnmag/issues/05/09/WindowsForms/default.aspx?... (2831 words)

	Gain a better understanding of Chromakey/Greenscreen/Bluescreen. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		It is said that chroma keying in DV is unacceptable.
		New specialized tools have greatly improved the chroma keys in DV, but with a little understanding of DV and the right process, you can get good results with your NLE.
		The first step increating your chroma key is to place your source clip on the Vegas timeline.
	www.sundancemediagroup.com /articles/chromablur_by_kolbo.htm (830 words)

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