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Topic: Chromoblastomycosis

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	DermAtlas: Online Dermatology Image Library dermatology image,fungal infection, deep,chromoblastomycosis,fungal ...
		Chromoblastomycosis is chronic granulomatous infection, usually of the exposed areas of the body, caused by a variety of dematiaceous (brown-pigmented) fungi.
		The principal etilogical agent isolated in India is Fonsacea pedrosoi.
		A 57 year old farmer was evaluated for a chronic indurated plaque on the wrist that had been present for 40 years.
	dermatlas.med.jhmi.edu /derm/result.cfm?Diagnosis=156 (418 words)

	Philoctetes' disease
		Chromoblastomycosis is a chronic mycosis of the skin and subcutaneous tissues, caused by several different fungi, recovered from soil and vegetables.
		A secondary infection may occur in patients with maduromycosis and chromoblastomycosis and it is difficult to establish with which of them Philoctetes' disease can be identified, because clinical features of the two diseases are similar.
		chromoblastomycosis superinfected by bacterial agents can show lesions at the same time painful and malodorous, and seems to be the disease that most probably can be identified with the ancient disease which affected the hero Philoctetes thirty-two centuries ago.
	xoomer.virgilio.it /cylagu/MLpag03eng.html (524 words)

	Fonsecaea Species
		Fonsecaea is one of the causative agents of the post-traumatic, chronic infection of subcutaneous tissues known as chromoblastomycosis.
		The etiologic agents of chromoblastomycosis are generally members of three genera of dematiaceous fungi that inhabit the soil: Fonsecaea, Phialophora, and Cladosporium [534].
		Cryosurgery and itraconazole are currently used to treat cases of chromoblastomycosis [738, 1866, 1904].
	www.doctorfungus.org /thefungi/Fonsecaea.htm (1342 words)

	Mycology Online -- Chromoblastomycosis
		Lesions of chromoblastomycosis are most often found on exposed parts of the body and usually start a small scaly papules or nodules which are painless but may be itchy.
		Chromoblastomycosis must be distinguished from other cutaneous fungal infections such as blastomycosis, lobomycosis, paracoccidioidomycosis and sporotrichosis.
		Note: direct microscopy of tissue is necessary to differentiate between chromoblastomycosis and phaeohyphomycosis where the tissue morphology of the causative organism is mycelial.
	www.mycology.adelaide.edu.au /Mycoses/Subcutaneous/Chromoblastomycosis/index.html (568 words)

	Chromoblastomycosis
		Chromoblastomycosis is a chronic localized infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue that follows the traumatic implantation of the etiologic agent.
		Early stages of chromoblastomycosis are treated with surgical excision, electrodesiccation, cryosurgery or topical antifungals [1806].
		Cerebral chromoblastomycosis complicated by meningitis and multiple fungal aneurysms after resection of a granuloma.
	www.doctorfungus.org /mycoses/human/other/chromoblastomycosis.htm (533 words)

	Chromomycosis
		Background: If not diagnosed earlier, chromoblastomycosis has a chronic evolutional course that may cause several problems, such as difficulty in managing therapy because of the recrudescent character of the disease, potential association with the growth of epidermoid carcinoma in affected regions, and poor quality of life and work incapacity to the patient.
		The purpose of the present study was to determine the distribution and pathways of the fungal antigen(s) and the possible role of the different immunocompetent cells in antigen processing in skin lesions.
		This is a study of 51 cases of chromoblastomycosis detected in a 17-year period, all of which were clinically and mycologically proven by direct examinations, cultures and biopsies.
	www.thedoctorsdoctor.com /diseases/chromomycosis.htm (2090 words)

	eMedicine - Chromoblastomycosis : Article by Luiz Guilherme M Castro, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Chromoblastomycosis is classified among the subcutaneous mycoses and is ubiquitous; however, the prevalence is higher in rural populations in countries with a tropical or subtropical climate, such as Madagascar in Africa and Brazil in South America.
		Nowadays, the term chromoblastomycosis is restricted to the cases in which sclerotic cells are present in tissue.
		C carrionii is the most common agent of chromoblastomycosis in that country, and trauma due to plants is believed to inoculate the skin with the fungus.
	www.emedicine.com /DERM/topic855.htm (4948 words)

	Tropical Medicine Central Resource
		Unfortunately, the names chromomycosis and chromoblastomycosis are used differently in different texts, referring to different fungi.
		Chromoblastomycosis is most common throughout the tropics but may be found anywhere in the world except in the Arctic and Antarctic.
		The common characteristics of the wide group of fungi which can cause clinical chromoblastomycosis are that they are pigmented (brown, from melanin), muriform, and yeast-like with hyphae which divide by septation (binary fission) and not by budding.
	tmcr.usuhs.mil /tmcr/chapter6/clinical18.htm (612 words)

	Specialty Laboratories ::: we help doctors help patients
		Immune reactivity in chromoblastomycosis due to Fonsecaea pedrosi or Cladophialophora carrionii by EIA and immunoblot with involvement of specific antigens and high levels of antibodies will be useful for diagnosis and updating the seroepidemiology of chromoblastomycosis.
		Although microscopy is the most rapid and reliable method for diagnosis of chromoblastomycosis, it is not useful for evaluating prognosis or response to therapy.
		Infections caused by dematiaceous fungi: chromoblastomycosis and phaeohyphomycosis.
	www.specialtylabs.com /books/display.asp?id=1879 (449 words)

	Pigmented (Dematiaceous) Fungi - Chromomycosis and Phaeohyphomycosis
		The organisms that are known to cause chromoblastomycosis include Fonsecaea pedrosoi, Fonsecaea compacta, Phialophora verrucosa and Cladosporium carrionii.
		Phaeohyphomycosis is a collective term for a heterogeneous group of fungal infections caused by dematiaceous fungi.
		Chromoblastomycosis: a retrospective study of six cases at the Royal Darwin Hospital from 1989 to 1994.
	www.histopathology-india.net /Mycoses.htm (562 words)

	IngentaConnect Melanoma in a long-standing lesion of chromoblastomycosis
		IngentaConnect Melanoma in a long-standing lesion of chromoblastomycosis
		Chromoblastomycosis is a chronic cutaneous fungal infection where the presence of fibrous scars and continuous inflammation might be the propitious condition for the development of malignant neoplasms.
		The association between malignancy and chromoblastomycosis is very uncommon, but medical staff who deal with this disease should be attentive to this possibility, as early detection of these neoplasms will provide an adequate treatment, improving survival and quality of life for those patients.
	www.ingentaconnect.com /content/bsc/ijd/2006/00000045/00000011/art00013 (211 words)

	Chromoblastomycosis simulating lepromatous leprosy International Journal of Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases - ...
		Chromoblastomycosis is a chronic infection of the skin caused by any of the several species of dematiaceous fungi.
		We report a woman who developed multiple plaques of chromoblastomycosis on the skin of the cheek and earlobe and mucosae of the nostrils and nasal septum.
		Although the verrucous nature of the surface of the plaques, demonstration of "sclerotic cells" in the epidermal scrapings and characteristic histopathologic features easily differentiate chromoblastomycosis from leprosy lesions, some difficulty may occur if one is not aware of the possibility of chromoblastomycosis.
	www.looksmartscience.com /p/articles/mi_qa3754/is_199803/ai_n8787193 (700 words)

	Chromomycosis arising in a Tunisian man
		Chromomycosis (chromoblastomycosis) is a chronic fungal infection prevalent in tropical regions.
		Terbinafine (250-500 mg/day) for up to 12 months achieved good results in 42 Malagasy patients suffering from chromoblastomycosis [13].
		Chromoblastomycosis: a review of 100 cases in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
	dermatology.cdlib.org /112/case_reports/chromomycosis/benmously.html (1132 words)

	eMedicine - Chromoblastomycosis : Article by Luiz Guilherme M Castro, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		When clinically presenting as a verrucous plaque, chromoblastomycosis may mimic several dermatoses that also manifest as a verrucous plaque; these conditions include cutaneous leishmaniasis, sporotrichosis, cutaneous tuberculosis or mycobacteriosis, as well as squamous cell carcinoma.
		Multidrug therapy for chromoblastomycosis seems to be an interesting approach and may also be used with cryosurgery.
		Chromoblastomycosis may also be cured by prolonged topical application of tolerable heat from pocket warmers.
	www.emedicine.com /derm/topic855.htm (4948 words)

	Bioline International Official Site (site up-dated regularly)
		Chromoblastomycosis is a chronic fungal infection caused by several genera of dematiaceous fungi, the commonest causative agent being Fonsecaea pedrosoi.
		[1],[2] Chromoblastomycosis is commonly seen in the exposed parts of the lower extremities often following superficial trauma as it is caused by direct inoculation of the fungi.
		Early stages of chromoblastomycosis are treated with surgical excision, electrodesiccation, cryosurgery or topical antifungals.
	www.bioline.org.br /request?dv06142 (628 words)

	Medmicro Chapter 75
		Chromoblastomycosis is a subcutaneous mycosis characterized by verrucoid lesions of the skin (usually of the lower extremities); histological examination reveals muriform cells (with perpendicular septations) or so-called "copper pennies" that are characteristic of this infection.
		Chromoblastomycosis is generally limited to the subcutaneous tissue with no involvement of bone, tendon, or muscle.
		Chromoblastomycosis and mycetoma are caused by only certain fungi.
	gsbs.utmb.edu /microbook/ch075.htm (2315 words)

	Revista Iberoamericana de Micología (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The purpose of this research was to evaluate an ELISA indirect method in patients with chromoblastomycosis caused by Cladophialophora carrionii.
		On those with lesions suggestive of chromoblastomycosis, mycological studies were carried out to confirm the disease.
		All patients with chromoblastomycosis were positive before-treatment, two became negative on day 45 of treatment and a total of six patients were negative three months post-treatment.
	www.reviberoammicol.com /2005-22/p039043.shtml (325 words)

	Chromoblastomycosis Shenoi D Shruthakirthi, Srinivas CR - Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol
		[1] Chromoblastomycosis when localized to the skin can be managed by surgical means.
		We treated a confirmed case of chromoblastomycosis with a single lesion on the leg of size 6x6 cm with two freeze cycles of 10 seconds each using liquid nitrogen.
		As disseminated infection is uncommon in chromoblastomycosis, we wonder whether HIV testing was done for the patient reported.
	www.ijdvl.com /article.asp?issn=0378-6323;year=1995;volume=61;issue=4;spage=245;epage=246;aulast=Shenoi (170 words)

	MEDLINE_1966-1995 - Resultado de la búsqueda <página 1>
		Successful treatment of chromoblastomycosis due to Fonsecaea pedrosoi by the combination of itraconazole and cryotherapy.
		Recently, there were several reports showing a good response of chromoblastomycosis to itraconazole, but it took as long as 18-30 months for lesions to heal.
		Itraconazole, 200 to 400 mg/day alone or in combination with monthly liquid nitrogen cryotherapy, was tried on 10 cases of chromoblastomycosis, caused by Fonsecaea pedrosoi in order to increase the potency of the drug and shorten the duration of treatment.
	www.bireme.br /cgi-bin/wxislind.exe/iah/online/?IsisScript=iah/iah.xis&nextAction=lnk&base=MEDLINE_1966-1995&exprSearch=8543418&indexSearch=UI&lang=e (216 words)

	Results AFIP Wednesday Slide Conference - No. 29 22 May 1996
		The terms chromoblastomycosis, chromomyocosis, and phaeohyphomycosis have all been used to described infections by dematiaceous fungi resulting in confusion over proper terminology.
		In humans and other mammals, chromoblastomycosis is usually confined to the subcutis and surrounding soft tissues.
		Miller EA, RJ Montali, EC Ramsay, and BA Ridout: Disseminated chromoblastomycosis in a colony of ornate-horned frogs (Ceratophyrys ornata).
	www.afip.org /vetpath/WSC/WSC95/95wsc29.htm (2791 words)

	Fonsecaeae
		Fonsecaea is one of the causative agents of chromoblastomycosis which is described as a post – traumatic, chronic infection of subcutaneous tissues.
		Fonsecaea pedrosoi is one of the major causative agents of chromoblastomycosis, particularly in South America and Japan.
		In spite of this, chromoblastomycosis infection is difficult to treat and most therapeutic approaches provide only a modest success rate.
	www.mold.ph /fonsecaea.htm (739 words)

	Chromoblastomycosis - meaning of word
		Chromoblastomycosis is a long-term mycosis of the skin and subcutaneous tissue (a chronic subcutaneous mycosis).
		==Pathophysiology== Chromoblastomycosis is believed to originate in minor trauma to the skin, usually from vegetative material such as thorns or splinters; this trauma implants fungi in the subcutaneous tissue.
		==Epidemiology== Chromoblastomycosis occurs around the world, but is most common in rural areas between approximately 30° N and 30° S latitude.
	www.wordsonline.org /Chromoblastomycosis (664 words)

	IngentaConnect A case of chromoblastomycosis with an unusual clinical manifestat... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		A case of chromoblastomycosis with an unusual clinical manifestation caused by Phialophora verrucosa on an unexposed area: treatment with a combination of amphotericin B and 5-flucytosine
		Chromoblastomycosis is a cutaneous and subcutaneous mycotic disease caused by the dematiaceous (fl) fungi.
		A uniform, reliable treatment does not exist but our patient was mycologically cured with the use of amphotericin B and the subsequent combination of 5-flucytosine and itraconazole.
	www.ingentaconnect.com /content/bsc/bjd/2005/00000152/00000003/art00024 (257 words)

	Filamentous Fungi
		The etiologic agents of chromoblastomycosis are septate, mold-like, branching, darkly pigmented which produce asexual fruits called conidia.
		The C. carrionii fungus is a common cause of chromoblastomycosis infections, and is particularly prevalent in arid and semi-arid areas, most often in tropical and subtropical zones.
		are known to be a cause of both chromoblastomycosis, and phaeohyphomycosis.
	pathmicro.med.sc.edu /mycology/mycology-5.htm (1641 words)

	Chromoblastomycosis. DermNet NZ
		Chromoblastomycosis is a chronic fungal infection in which there are raised crusted lesions affecting the skin and subcutaneous tissue.
		Chromoblastomycosis may be due to several fungi found in soil, wood and decaying plant material.
		Chromoblastomycosis generally presents as a single lesion on an exposed site such as the foot or hand.
	www.dermnetnz.org /fungal/chromoblastomycosis.html (340 words)

	Chromoblastomycosis, epidemiology
		Chromoblastomycosis is another subcutaneous infection that requires long treatment duration with costly antifungal drugs.
		BACKGROUND: Chromoblastomycosis is reported for the first time from the states of Jammu-Kashmir and Bihar along with two additional cases from the states of Assam and Uttar Pradesh.
		Two distinct areas of endemic chromoblastomycosis, each with a characteristic ecosystem and a single species, are identified.
	lib.bioinfo.pl /meid:70260 (1168 words)

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