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	MESSAGE BOARD INDEX - powered by XMB (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		Chuang Tzu, a contemporary of Mencius, is universally regarded as the greatest Taoist after Lao Tzu.
		He did not know whether it was Chuang Chou dreaming that he was a butterfly, or whether it was the butterfly dreaming that it was Chuang Chou.
		Similarly with Chuang Tzu, having concluded that there must be, ontologically, a distinction between the butterfly and himself, though epistemologically unsure, and that this is nothing more than a transformation of things, he, too, advises us that we must forever live and be content with this constant transformation.
	www.altered-states.net /mboard/viewthread.php?tid=518 (1256 words)

	Chuang Tzu Criticism and Essays
		Chuang Tzu is known as one of the most significant and paradoxical philosophers of Taoism, a mystical philosophy that presents reality as an illusion created by infinitely shifting appearances.
		Chuang Tzu was a native of the town of Meng, in the kingdom of Sung.
		Chuang Tzu's fictionalization of such historical characters as Confucius and his use of characters as foils for protagonists—both of which are cited as influences upon later Chinese fictional genres such as hsiao-shuo and chih-kuai—have also been the subjects of scholarly examinations of the Chuang Tzu.
	www.enotes.com /classical-medieval-criticism/chuang-tzu (622 words)

	Resources for Chuang Tzu
		Chuang Tzu, an exception even among his fellow Taoists, rejected all such efforts in favor of an idiosyncratic response to the crisis of the times.
		Because Chuang Tzu envisioned reality as a holistic process of change, he argued that it could not be understood in the isolating terms of categorical thought.
		In fact, Chuang Tzu already hints in his portrait of wood worker Ch'ing at what later tradition will conclude: artists, who empty their minds of convention in order to see reality afresh and so wander freely in flights of imagination, are the highest form of humans.
	www.lawrence.edu /dept/freshman_studies/resource/fschuangtzu.html (3882 words)

	Chuang Tzu
		Chuang Tzu (Chuang Chou, ca, 360 BC), along with Lao Tzu, is a defining figure in Chinese Taoism.
		Chuang Tzu, despite his obvious affection, is ultimately critical of Hui Shih's monism and his optimism that debate and analysis would resolve philosophical issues.
		Chuang Tzu reports enjoying debating with Hui Shih precisely because he was one of few with enough learning to be worth refuting.
	www.trap17.com /forums/chuang-tzu-t330.html (747 words)

	The Chuang-tzu and Chuang-tzu
		The philosophical text known as the Chuang-tzu is second only to the Tao-te ching, both in terms of its importance in Philosophical Taoism, and as an influence upon the Religious Taoism that came later.
		What scant biographical information we have about Chuang-tzu, as with Lao-tzu, comes from Ssu-ma Ch'ien's (154-80 BCE) Shi chi, or Records of the Historian, although this account is based substantially on material found in the Chuang-tzu itself.
		He was a native of the Meng district (in present day Honan Province) in what was then the state of Sung, and his personal name was Chou, making him Chuang Chou.
	philtar.ucsm.ac.uk /encyclopedia/taoism/chuang.html (1528 words)

	Learning the Tao (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		What Chuang Tsu wants is for his students to become keenly aware of that pressures they are under which urge action, and allow them to develop the capacity to put off acting while they take stock, consider the wider implications, and consider their own motives.
		Chuang Tsu suggests that his students’ fear of death could be simply an inability to grasp the whole picture, just as the cicada and the dove are unable to grasp the whole picture.
		Chuang Tsu shows us the possibility, in imagination, that were we to offer a dead person their own body, and to restore them to the society and attachments they once knew, they would refuse.
	www.btinternet.com /~k.h.s/learningthetao.htm (12917 words)

	Introduction to Taoism: information on Chuang Tzu
		Once Chuang Chou dreamt he was a butterfly, a butterfly flitting and fluttering around, happy with himself and doing as he pleased.
		But he didn't know if he was Chuang Chou who had dreamt he was a butterfly, or a butterfly dreaming he was Chuang Chou.
		Chuang Tzu held on to the fishing pole and, without turning his head, said, "I have heard that there is a sacred tortoise in Ch'u that has been dead for three thousand years.
	www.geocities.com /taoism101/chuang.html (897 words)

	Theosophy Trust - Great Teacher Series - CHUANG TZU
		Chuang Tzu's rejection of systems and proprieties was not an attack on the mind or on sociality, but on the tendency to take a specific perspective – represented by philosophical presuppositions, on the one hand, and by ritual and ceremony, on the other – and to absolutize it.
		Chuang Tzu's emphasis on tutored spontaneity is reflected in his frequent use of yu, 'roam', 'wander', especially in conjunction with thinking and living.
		Chuang Tzu delighted in the fact of death, not because he disliked life or thought it evil, but because he saw death as a vital part of the process of universal dissolution, which is also the process of ceaseless re-creation.
	theosophytrust.org /tlodocs/teachers/ChuangTzu.htm (3697 words)

	Shambhala - The Taoist Classics
		Chuang Chou was a deep thinker and a brilliant writer.
		Chuang Chou's approach to freedom was psychological and social as well as political.
		As a philosopher and as a man, Chuang Chou had the audacity to lay bare the root of the human condition; having set aside his illusions, he could not be manipulated by either hope or fear.
	www.shambhala.com /html/catalog/items/isbn/1-57062-905-6.cfm?selectedText=EXCERPT_CHAPTER (1561 words)

	Chuang Tzu
		Chuang Tzu is believed to lived in the Fourth or Third Century BCE, at a time when China was split up into a number of states weakly held together by the Chou dynasty.
		Chuang Tzu argued that the processes of nature unify all things, so that humanity should seek to live at one with nature and not impose upon it.
		Chuang Tzu viewed nature as having great spontaneity and change, with all things—large and small, beautiful and ugly—equally important and ever in a constant flux.
	www.humanistictexts.org /chuang.htm (4085 words)

	Amazon.fr : The Essential Tao: An Initiation into the Heart of Taoism Through the Authentic Tao Te Ching and the Iner ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		Written by Chuang Chou, the first Taoist master and scholar of the teachings of Lao-tzu, this work has allegories and symbols that have been contemplated since it was first written.
		Chuang Chou lived at a rather more turbulent time than Lao-tzu, and because of his learning, was sought after as advisors to kings, but declined, preferring not to become, as he put it, a sacrificial animal.
		Chuang Chou recounts the tale of the maestros, who each knew his field (a harpist, a tuner, and a philosopher) -- they were successful, and known to posterity.
	www.amazon.fr /Essential-Tao-Initiation-Authentic-Chuang-Tzu/dp/0062502166 (1161 words)

	Taoist Sacred Texts - ReligionFacts
		Chuang Tzu dreamed that he was a butterfly, fluttering about, not knowing that it was Chuang Chou.
		But he did not know whether he was Chuang Chou who had dreamed that he was a butterfly, or a butterfly dreaming that he was Chuang Chou.
		Between Chuang Chou and the butterfly there must be some distinction: this is what is called "the transformation of things." {8}
	www.religionfacts.com /taoism/texts.htm (1102 words)

	The Tao Of Chuang Chou (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		The stories invented by Chuang Chou over two thousand years ago, reveal a great sense of humor, ring true to our modern sensibilities.
		Once, when Chuang Chou was fishing in the P'u River, the king sent two officials to go and announce to him: "I would like to trouble you with the administration of my realm."
		Chuang Chou held on to the fishing pole and, without turning his head, said, "I have heard that there is a sacred tortoise that has been dead for three thousand years.
	www.doorcountycompass.com /theater/051010-sills.htm (347 words)

	Chuang Tzu (Zhuangzi): A Philosophical Analysis
		Chuang Tzu illustrates this theme with his famous parables of the huge "useless" tree that, consequently, never got chopped down and the huge gourd that was useless to eat, but might make a good boat.
		Chuang Tzu's use of this metaphor signals that nothing he is going to say entails that disputation should stop any more than it does that brooks should stop babbling.
		Chuang Tzu does reflect briefly on the perspective of "self." Recalling Laozi's emphasis on contrasts, he sees it as arising as a contrast or distinction with "other." He suggests the deeper source of the distinction is our inability to identify the source of "pleasure, anger, sadness, joy, forthought, regret, change, and immobility".
	www.hku.hk /philodep/ch/zhuang.htm (6505 words)

	CHUANG CHOU: "BUTTERFLY DREAM"
		Chuang Chou was a Taoist philosopher who lived about 300 BC.
		He was interested in what he called the "constant transformation of things" --- the way in which all things changed according to a cyclical pattern.
		The following is an excerpt from his writings, called the "Butterfly Dream." This passage is one of the most famous in Chinese philosophy, and has had a tremendous influence on philosophy, art and literature.
	www.angelfire.com /on2/MyFlower/CHUANGCHOU.html (210 words)

	Amazon.com: Chuang-Tzu: The Inner Chapters (Mandala Books): Books: G. Cox,P. Lowe,M. Winter,A.C. (Translator) Graham (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		The inner chapters the Zhuangzi (Chuang Tzu) are considered to be the most authentic chapters and most likely to have been written by Zhuangzi or at least written by a brilliant and keen mind.
		Chuang Tzu is the wisest, wittiest, and easiest-to-read of all philosophical writers, and also the greatest.
		Chuang Tzu, in contrast, and although he was certainly capable of a reasonable use of reason, was more a bubbling and sparkling fountain of joyous insights, brilliant insights into the nature of man and woman and reality, and he doesn't need any commentators.
	www.amazon.com /Chuang-Tzu-Inner-Chapters-Mandala-Books/dp/0042990130 (2712 words)

	Adventures in Philosophy: A Brief History of Eastern Philosophy
		Documents of the teachings of Hui Shih are preserved only in the book of Chuang Chou, the brilliant precursor of Taoism, who considered him the worthiest of his adversaries, and evidently esteemed him higher than Confucius.
		In the aphorisms quoted by Chuang Chou, Hui Shih appears to be a disciple of Confucius' grandson Tzu Ssu, deeply impressed by his awareness of eternal change and fond of pointing out the paradoxical.
		If Chuang Chou was not the founder of that which was subsequently called Taoism, certainly he was its precursor, and the extent of his soaring imagination, the profundity of his thought, and the power of his style were never matched by any of the Taoists.
	radicalacademy.com /adiphileastern2.htm (2212 words)

	Anthology of World Literature : Section 3 : Overview
		The fusion of ethical thought and idealized Chou traditions associated with Confucius were recorded in the Analects by Confucius's disciples following his death.
		Tracing their origins from Hou-Chi (Lord Millet), the Chou put forth the argument that the last rulers of the Shang had been guilty of misrule and had caused hardship to the people, which led Heaven to transfer power to the Chou.
		Although it circulated among the Chou aristocracy, it is a heterogeneous text that includes many types of songs, ranging from hymns, temple songs, and hunting songs to love and marriage songs.
	www.wwnorton.com /nawol/s3_overview.htm (822 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		Chuang Tzu (Chuangtse, Chuang Chou) lived during the third and fourth centuries, B.C. Considered the greatest disciple of Lao Tzu, Chuang Tzu helped shape the development of Taoist thought.
		About his own writing, Chuang Tzu wrote: “With unbridled fancies, facetious language and sweet romantic nonsense, he gives free play to his spirit without restraint.” We shall explore that spirit, trying to keep as close to Chuang Tzu’s own language as possible.
		The Book of Chuang Tzu, translated by Martin Palmer (Penguin), is a complete translation of the Chuang Tzu’s work.
	www.sjca.edu /asp/main.aspx?page=1510 (264 words)

	Chuang Tzu (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		``Chuang Tzu'' means ``Master Chuang''; his personal name was Chou, and he was a Taoist philosopher of the fourth century BC, contemporary with Plato and Aristotle.
		Chuang Chou is also recorded as being a member of the Chi-Hsia academy maintained by the larger and more advanced state of Ch'i, along with many of his most famous philosophical contemporaries, like Mencius and Hui Shih.
		Some of the book is brilliant; some is dreadfully dreary; the last chapter describes Chuang Tzu as one among many other philosophers.
	cscs.umich.edu /~crshalizi/Chuang-Tzu (231 words)

	study questions 2332 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		These are the dates that Chuang Chou lived.
		Chuang’s viewpoint can be described as [ ] absolutist [ ] relativist.
		Be able to identify the Chuang Tzu as the title and Chuang Chou as the author of these quotations.
	www.accd.edu /sac/english/Mgarcia/2332/wHanChina.htm (1704 words)

	Chuang Tzu \| Chinese Philosopher \| Taoism \| Questia.com Online Library
		...Graham Parkes The wandering dance: Chuang Tzu and Zarathustra Nietzsche Thus...collection of chapters known as the Chuang Tzu are philosophical texts from quite...and...
		The methods of Chuang Tzu are those of the poet, and in the...only be done...
		Chinese Political Thought: A Study Based upon the Theories of the Principal Thinkers of the Chou Period ("Chuang Tzu" begins on p.
	www.questia.com /library/religion/chuang-tzu.jsp (636 words)

	Kina (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		In all four cases, the first was the real teacher and either wrote no books or wrote very little, and the second began to develop the doctrines and wrote long and profound discourses.
		Chuang Tzu, who died about 275 B.C., was separated from Laotse's death by not quite two hundred years, and was strictly a contemporary of Mencius.
		On the whole, Chuang Tzu must be considered the greatest prose writer of the Chou Dynasty.
	www.fortunecity.com /boozers/vines/346/chuangtzu.htm (21565 words)

	ZHUANGZI (Chuang-tzu)
		The rest of the text is often understood to contain fragments of material, some of which are sometimes attributed to the same author as the Inner Chapters, some of which are attributed to other authors, including representatives of the Yangzhu (Yang Chu) tradition.
		Life goes on, though we may not, and it is possible, the text seems to suggest, to adopt the perspective of life itself which transforms, for example, rather than to adopt the more narrow and limited perspective of a single moment in the transformation of life.
		One of the most famous stories to be found in the Zhuangzi is the one found at the end of chapter 2: "Once Chuang Chou dreamt he was a butterfly, a butterfly flitting and fluttering around, happy with himself and doing as he pleased.
	www.exploretaoism.com /Chuang.htm (3778 words)

	E V I L R O B O T S:
		Once upon a time Chuang Chou dreamed that he was a butterfly, a butterfly flitting about happily enjoying himself.
		He did not know whether he was Chou who had dreamed of being a butterfly or a butterfly dreaming that he was Chou.
		She wishes he knew who Chuang Tzu was, or at least would ask and appear to really care.
	www.evilrobots.com /Arts/Recuerdos.htm (2148 words)

	Ancient Chinese Views of Reality
		Chuang Tzu also broadened the meaning of Tao to include the dimension of transformation.
		Once Chuang Chou [Chuang Tzu] dreamt he was a butterfly, a butterfly flitting
		had dreamt he was a butterfly, or a butterfly dreaming he was Chuang Chou.
	www.sunyrockland.edu /~eharvey/art221/views_of_reality.htm (649 words)

	Thesis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		Although the Chuang Tzu has been revered as a classic of Taoist wisdom for over two thousand years, the question of the text’s origins have remained largely unexplored until recent times.
		The book was traditionally attributed to a figure named Chuang Chou who was active in the latter half of the fourth century BCE, though modern scholarship has demonstrated that Master Chuang himself wrote only the first seven (or "inner") chapters, the remaining material being written over a period of approximately two centuries.
		According to Graham, the latest stratum was written by a group which he calls the Syncretists, whom he also credits with compiling the earliest edition of the text.
	brian.hoffert.faculty.noctrl.edu /Thesis.abstract.html (152 words)

	Using Chuang Tzu in a British Literature Curriculum
		“Once upon a time, I, Chuang Chou (18), dreamt I was a butterfly, fluttering hither and thither, to all intents and purposes a butterfly.
		The first chapter of the Chuang Tzu deals mostly with the relative nature of knowledge or understanding, a theme that the Dragon in Grendel also tries to impart.
		It may well be that the writings of Chuang Tzu work best with the work of William Blake, the most visionary and mystical of all British authors.
	www.indiana.edu /~easc/lit_workshop/lesson_plans/Parker_2003.htm (6635 words)

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