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	Chinese Poetry - Learn Chinese Poems
		Chinese poetry can be divided into three main periods: the early period, characterised by folk songs in simple, repetitive forms; the classical period from the Han Dynasty to the fall of the Qing Dynasty, in which a number of different forms were developed; and the modern period of Westernised free verse.
		Most closely associated with the Song dynasty, ci most often expressed feelings of desire, often in an adopted persona, but the greatest exponents of the form (such as Li Houzhu and Su Shi) used it to address a wide range of topics.
		Poetry was revolutionized after the May Fourth Movement when writers try to use vernacular styles closer to what was being spoken rather than previously prescribed forms.
	www.chinese-tools.com /chinese/poetry (864 words)

	Ci (poetry) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Ci (Traditional Chinese: 詞, Simplified Chinese: 词; pinyin: cí, interchangeable with 辭) is a kind of lyric Chinese poetry.
		Ci most often express feelings of desire, often in an adopted persona, but the greatest exponents of the form (such as Li Houzhu and Su Shi) used it to address a wide range of topics.
		Later in [[Ming Dyansty]] and Qing Dyansties, the ci, or rather the cipai, are classified for the number of characters it dictates.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ci_(poetry) (475 words)

	Chinese History - Song Dynasty å® literature, thought and philosophy (www.chinaknowledge.de)
		The other type of poem, ci, originated likewise during the Tang period and was based on songs whose text was replaced by new words without changing the rhyme pattern and the harmonical conditions (contrafactury).
		The traditional school of ci poetry, called wanyueci å©ç´è© "poems of delicate restraint", lead by Qin Guan ç§¦è§, a friend of Su Shi, continued to estimate their poems to be expressions of beauty and elegance, and that modes and harmony had to control and to temper language.
		Although poetry was already rated as early as by Zhong Rong's éå¶¸ Shipin è©©å“ during the 6th century, Yan Yu's å´ç¾½ Canglang shihua æ»æµªè©©è©± was a new kind of lyric theory that deeply influenced critiques of later ages.
	www.chinaknowledge.de /History/Song/song-literature.html (4008 words)

	CI - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		CI (as a word, proper name and acronym) can refer to many things.
		Ci (poetry), a form of Chinese lyric poetry
		This page disambiguates a two-character combination which might be any or all of: an abbreviation, an acronym, an initialism, a word in English, or a word in another language.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/CI (228 words)

	China and Inner Asia Sessions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Their relationship, however, has never been as intimate and passionate as in the Northern Song (960-1126), when the interplay between poetry and the four arts in daily life coincided with, and to some degree was generated by, an elevation of the literati's status in a society embracing the importance of cultural breadth.
		Ci poets developed from impersonators of the singing girls of the entertainment quarters or the dandy boudoir-beauty observers to become thoughtful, impressible, and spirited individuals.
		The most influential advocate of poetry and painting’s commonality was Su Shi, who in comparing the two established a lyrical function for painting, thus reinforcing a basic theoretical underpinning of the literary art tradition and applying it to new areas.
	www.aasianst.org /absts/2006abst/China/C-171.htm (1253 words)

	Tang Song Ci San Bai Shou (300 Tang and Song Ci Poems, Chinese Reader)
		Ci lyric emerged during the Tang Dynasty in response to the popularity of foreign musical tunes imported from Inner Asia.
		Already the outer shape of the ci lyric is clearly different to the shi lyric: the verses have different length.
		The early ci writers of the 9th century wanted to meet the needs of singing girls in the entertainment quarters in the lower Yangtse area.
	www.abc-chinese.com /ci.html (733 words)

	Kennesaw Review--To the Tune of "Dreaming of the South Side of the River" translated by Tony Barnstone and Chou Ping
		He was a friend of the important late Tang dynasty poet Li Shangyin, and the two of them were innovators and the first important writers of poetry in the ci form, in which poetry is written to the meter of a popular song.
		Ci poetry has a variable number of words per lines and so is called long and short" poetry.
		In contrast to the pure and deceptively simple poetry of the high Tang, Wen Tingyun's poetry is ornate, allusive, and typically concerned with love, loss, and sensuality.
	www.kennesaw.edu /kr/spring2003/barnstone-totunedreaming.htm (437 words)

	Daoist Ci Poetry
		For example, Ci of the Venerable Sovereign's 16 Transformations is a piece of yunwen.
		Ci of pacing the void is a form of Yuefu (i.e.
		Having the same origin with Ci of pacing the void, Ci of hymns after the Tang and Song dynasties is also of the form of words dubbed in music.
	www.eng.taoism.org.hk /daoism&human-civilization/daoism-literature&art/pg5-2-5-2.asp (817 words)

	Paramount Magic Store. MODERN RENDITION OF SELECTED OLD CHINESE CI-POEMS (Chinese-English)
		Ci-poems (Ci - read like tse) in China had their beginnings in the Tang Dynasty as lyrics of songs written for courtesans to sing at banquets or for the embellishment of a social function.
		Unlike traditional poetry, ci-poems did not have a clean~ cut regularity of verse-line schemes (a certain number of feet to a line); instead, ci-poems were made up of irregular verse lines, ranging from two, three words (in rare cases, even only one word) to seven words or more to the line.
		Another feature of ci is that in the majority of cases it was a two-part (two-stanza) composition: a first part and a second part separated by a few blank spaces.
	www.paramountmagic.com /pd_modern.cfm (506 words)

	Chinese poetry
		Ci was originally a kind of melody tuned to folk music which later developed into a new form'of written verse consisting of lines of different lengths.
		Li Qingzhao lived at a time when Ci as a literary genre had attained to the acme of its perfection, with the emergence of two schools of Ci widely different in style and tone: the bold romantic style and the elegant restrained style.
		But her ci lyrics, it may be said, are peerless among the aneients, and likely to be so in the generations to come...
	www.sino-platonic.org /abstracts/spp013_ci_poetry.html (2578 words)

	An introduction to Chinese literature
		Chinese poetry was further enriched by the folk songs collected by the Music Bureau (Yuefu, or Yeh-fu), an institution founded about the 2nd century BC.
		The greatest Chinese poetry was created during the Tang (Tang) dynasty (618-907), a period of general peace and prosperity ending in a decline.
		Although each ci may have lines of varying length, the number of lines, as well as their length, is fixed according to a definite rhyming and tonal pattern.
	www.china-on-site.com /literatu/intro.htm (2750 words)

	The History of Chinese Music
		The ci, often called "long and short verse", generally two stanza in length, was the new type of poetry developed and perfected by poets of the Song dynasty.
		The text of a ci was created by fitting words to an existing tune, which was of folk or popular origin and perhaps was also from foreign music that came from Central Asia during the Tang period.
		Qu poetry differs from the previously mentioned shi and ci poetry in that qu is generally written in vernacular Chinese; it is popular poetry written by educated poets.
	www-camil.music.uiuc.edu /musedex/taiwan/Chinese-history/ChHistory.html (2592 words)

	Destiny, the Culture of China - Poetry
		A ci is merely an intricate tonal pattern to which the writer sets characters.
		The longer ci patterns have rhyming schemes and tonal patterns are extremely complicated.
		The ci writers were the makers of a polished and suggestive vocabulary.
	library.thinkquest.org /20443/poetry.html (442 words)

	AAS Abstracts: China Session 136 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The reader can almost sense the author's desperation of having had to write down all the details as much as he could lest they be forgotten, and his urge to express his feelings to their fullest, because only in the act of writing would his own life be confirmed and defined.
		Poetry is not a spontaneous outpouring of emotions; instead, many layers of biographical, historical, and cultural contexts simultaneously mediate and potentiate poetic composition.
		Moreover, despite this stress on the dao xue moral norms, his approach to poetry showed little of the dao xue suspicion toward the aesthetic; Wen's early poetry in fact displays almost the entire range of styles available at the end of the Southern Song.
	www.aasianst.org /absts/1997abst/china/c136.htm (629 words)

	Chinese Poetry Literature
		During the Han dynasty (206 B.C.-A.D. 220), the Chu lyrics evolved into the fu (賦), a poem usually in rhymed verse except for introductory and concluding passages that are in prose, often in the form of questions and answers.
		The yue fu began to develop into shi or classical poetry- the form which was to dominate Chinese poetry until the modern era.
		The Tang Dynasty was a period of great radiance in literary creation and was especially noted for poetry writing, for which it has been dubbed the golden age of poetry, a predominant genre among all literary forms popular with both the rulers and the populace for about 300 years.
	www.china-guide.com /culture/poetry.html (1157 words)

	Qwika - similar:Woodlands,_Singapore
		Ci (Traditional Chinese: 詞; Simplified Chinese: 词; Hanyu Pinyin: cí, interchangeable with 辭) is a kind of lyric Chinese poetry.
		The Straits of Johor (also known as the Tebrau Strait, Johor Strait, Selat Johor, Selat Tebrau, and Tebrau Reach) is a strait of water that separates Johor state, Malaysia from Singapore.
		Haiku （俳句）is a mode of Japanese poetry, a late 19th century revision by Masaoka Shiki of the older hokku (発句), the opening verse of a linked verse form, haikai no renga.
	www.qwika.com /rels/Woodlands,_Singapore (1385 words)

	Qin poetry and song
		Such titles as Chu Ci and Hu Jia are important in all three disciplines.
		Qin Poetry can be divided into two categories
		1 è© ci, not to be confused with the è¾ ci of æ¥è¾ Chu Ci (Songs of Chu), are discussed on a separate page.
	www.silkqin.com /05poet.htm (564 words)

	Chinese Literature - Quansongci å¨å®è©, Songci sanbai shou ...
		This is the reason why we often see the same title for a ci poem, like Die lian hua è¶æè± "Butterflies love blossoms", Man ting fang æ»¿åºè³ "Scent fills the hall", or Yu meiren èç¾äºº "Lady Yu".
		The "Three Hundred Song poems" (Song ci sanbai shou å®è©ä¸ç¾é¦—) anthology was compiled by the "Jiangcun ci club" Shangjiang Cunmin ä¸å½æ‘æ°‘ under the guidance of Zhu Zumou (1859-1931) æ±ç¥—è¬.
		Of course, every official engaged in writing ci poems as authorship of poems belonged to the basic knowledge of the upper class.
	www.chinaknowledge.de /Literature/Poetry/songci.html (1488 words)

	ONGOING POETRY EVENTS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		She performed in the poetry ensemble showcase Inter-Sex-Tions at the 2005 Cincinnati Fringe Festival.
		Still new to poetry readings, she is excited to share her plain-spoken, rhythmic, light-hearted style in the intimate setting of Century House.
		This group includes all aspects of poetry, such as critiques, cover letters, publishing, reading to the public and being involved in the community of Poetry.
	home.comcast.net /~poetslane/ongoing_poetry_events.htm (661 words)

	Bionic Ear Blog: Anti-CI Poetry
		I didn't see this one when I checked out the ASL poetry.
		I'm all for free speech, but the one from Michael J. Olivier is a strong misinterpretation on the reality of getting a cochlear implant.
		The child took off the CI so fast because the child hated the noise so much.
	www.meryl.net /ci/archives/001457.html (199 words)

	Ancient Poems: Song Proses
		In Chinese literary history, there were certain periods which were dominated by one distinctive predominant literary genre, such as "fu" (descriptive prose interspersed with verse) during the Han Dynasty, poetry in Tang, "Ci" poetry (a special poetic form) of Song and "qu" (singing verse) of Yuan.
		The "ci" lyric is very different from the "shi" type.
		The most famous "ci" poets of Tang Dynasty are Wen Tingyun and the last king of Southern Tang, Li Yu.
	www.cgcmall.com /ProductDetails.asp?ProductCode=b00posp (455 words)

	* University Museum and Art Gallery *
		Distinguished in composing Ci poetry, and passionate about the arts and music, he represents a modern literati figure.
		On display will be over a hundred items including a rich variety of Chinese paintings, calligraphy, poetry, rare books and seals that have been collected by five generations of the Soong family.
		They exchanged artworks to improve their skills through the critique of their peers, and of course, to be appreciated for their scholarly achievements and artistic character.
	www.hku.hk /hkumag/exhibition.html (698 words)

	Books tagged "poetry anthologies" \| LibraryThing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The Faber book of modern European poetry by A.
		Poetry of the American West : a Columbia anthology by Alison Hawthorne Deming [hugohouse]
		Poetry nation : the North American anthology of fusion poetr… by Todd Swift [hugohouse]
	www.librarything.com /tag/poetry+anthologies (421 words)

	ci - OneLook Dictionary Search
		CI, Ci, Ci, ci : Encarta® World English Dictionary, North American Edition [home, info]
		CI : National Weather Service Glossary [home, info]
		Phrases that include ci: ci devant, j2 ci, 2 ci, ae ci, ais ci, more...
	www.onelook.com /cgi-bin/cgiwrap/bware/dofind.cgi?word=ci (338 words)

	Yale > East Asian Languages & Literatures > Faculty
		The Evolution of Chinese Tz'u Poetry: From Late T'ang to Northern Sung.
		"Poetry in the Dream of the Red Chamber," presented at the CLTA Conference, Atlanta, Georgia, November 23, 1979.
		Organizer of the Conference on “History, Poetry, and the Classical Tradition,” sponsored by the Council on East Asian Studies, Yale University, and the City University of Hong Kong.
	www.yale.edu /eall/faculty/chang.html (7878 words)

	Lu You - Chinese Literature - Chinese Art
		He passed the Imperial examinationcivil service examination, but was unsuccessful in his official career: he adopted a patriotic stance, advocating the expulsion of the Jurchen from northern China, but this position was out of tune with the times.
		He wrote over ten thousand poems, in both the shi (poetry)shi and ci (poetry)ci forms, plus a number of prose works.
		In his poetry he continues to articulate the beliefs which cost him his official career, calling for reconquest of the north.
	www.famouschinese.com /virtual/Lu_You (227 words)

	Chinese Poems
		For further information about Chinese poems and about this site, read the FAQ or try the external links.
		Read: reviews of Burton Watson's Selected Poems of Du Fu, Kenneth Rexroth's One Hundred Poems from the Chinese, Arthur Cooper's Li Po and Tu Fu and Wai-lim Yip's Chinese Poetry, or buy recommended books on Chinese poems, literature, language and culture from Amazon in The Bookstore.
		[1007- 1072] was one of the pioneers of serious ci poetry in the Song dynasty.
	www.chinese-poems.com (427 words)

	Poetry - : - Ci de-am fi singuri by Nicolae Iorga (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Poetry - : - Ci de-am fi singuri by Nicolae Iorga
		Poetry (0.063s) Poetry, prose, essays, comments, poems - International Culture and Literature
		Write and enjoy articles, essays, prose, classic poetry and contests.
	www.agonia.net /index.php/poetry/129613/print.html (77 words)

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