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Topic: Cidofovir

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	p040515a - Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy - Cidofovir
		The safety of cidofovir and changes in neurological examination scores between baseline and week 8 were assessed.
		In one case (6%), cidofovir was permanently discontinued because of severe proteinuria.
		Variables independently associated with longer survival were the use of cidofovir, HAART prior to the onset of PML, a baseline JC virus DNA load in CSF < 4.7 log10 copies/ml, and a baseline Karnofsky performance status > or = 60.
	www.emory.edu /WHSCL/grady/amreport/litsrch03/p040510a.html (1407 words)

	MedlinePlus Drug Information: Cidofovir (Systemic) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Cidofovir is used to treat the symptoms of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection of the eyes (CMV retinitis) in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).
		Cidofovir will not cure this eye infection, but it may help to keep the symptoms from becoming worse.
		Cidofovir has also been found to cause cancer in animals, and there is a chance it could cause cancer in humans as well.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/druginfo/uspdi/203520.html (995 words)

	Vistide Online, Description, Chemistry, Ingredients - Cidofovir - RxList Monographs
		Cidofovir is a white crystalline powder with an aqueous solubility of ≥170 mg/mL at pH 6-8 and a log P (octanol/aqueous buffer, pH 7.1) value of -3.3.
		Cidofovir diphosphate inhibits herpesvirus polymerases at concentrations that are 8- to 600-fold lower than those needed to inhibit human cellular DNA polymerase alpha, beta, and gamma
		The incidence of foscarnet-resistant isolates that are resistant to cidofovir is not known.
	www.rxlist.com /cgi/generic2/cidofovir.htm (701 words)

	SF AIDS Fdn: BETA 7/98 -- DRUG WATCH: Cidofovir
		Cidofovir is also being developed in Europe for intraocular (into the eye) injection to treat CMV retinitis and as an ophthalmic solution (eye drops) for the redness, swelling and destruction of the tissue in the corners of the eye called viral keratoconjunctivitis.
		A difference between cidofovir and other currently approved treatments for CMV infection is that cidofovir remains inside cells longer than the other drugs and therefore requires less frequent administration.
		One reported study comparing delayed treatment to immediate cidofovir therapy showed that the 23 patients who received delayed treatment for progressive retinitis (treatment was delayed until progression was seen) progressed in an average of 22 days, while those treated immediately with cidofovir (25 patients) progressed after an average of 120 days.
	www.sfaf.org /treatment/beta/b37/b37cidofovir.html (1310 words)

	Cidofovir
		Cidofovir is absorbed by the host cell, which converts into an agent that kills cells which have HPV in it.
		Cidofovir [(S)-1-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)cytosine] (HPMPC) was shown to suppress the growth of tumors induced by rabbit papillomavirus as well as human papillomavirus (HPV).
		Cidofovir at a concentration of 2.5 mg/ml was injected directly in the different laryngeal papillomatous lesions during microlaryngoscopy under general anesthesia.
	www.rrpf.org /rrpf/therapies/Cidofovir.htm (2810 words)

	CIDOFOVIR Faq
		Cidofovir is an antiviral medication used for the treatment of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection.
		Cidofovir is given intravenously every week for two weeks and then on alternating weeks for an indefinite period of time.
		Because of abnormalities which have occurred in animals treated with cidofovir, it is possible that nursing infants may also be affected, therefore cidofovir should not be given to breast feeding mothers.
	www.tthhivclinic.com /cido.htm (737 words)

	Gilead -- Cidofovir Reported to Have Activity Against Poxvirus Infection in Primates
		In primates infected with monkeypox, cidofovir treatment reduced respiratory symptoms, fever and pox-like skin lesions and decreased mortality associated with the viral infection.
		Among the viral polymerase inhibitors tested in laboratory assays (in vitro), cidofovir was found to have potent and broad-spectrum anti-poxvirus activity.
		In these controlled studies, cidofovir was co-administered with oral probenecid and hydration to minimize the potential for nephrotoxicity, the dose-limiting side effect of this therapy.
	www.gilead.com /wt/sec/pr_933188910 (677 words)

	AEGiS-CATIE: INFECTION FIGHTERS: Cidofovir (HPMPC) for CMV-safety/toxicity
		As those subjects continued to receive cidofovir, kidney damage increased; even greater amounts of protein and sugar were lost in the urine while blood levels of important ions (phosphates, bicarbonates) fell.
		Subjects receiving the 3 mg/kg dose of cidofovir and who were also taking probenecid had a delay in the time it took to suppress production of CMV (from 7 to 27 days).
		Cidofovir used in this experiment was supplied by Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California.
	www.aegis.com /pubs/catie/1995/CATE6009.html (822 words)

	CIDRAP >> Cidofovir derivative shows promise as oral drug for smallpox
		Mar 26, 2002 (CIDRAP News) – A new, orally administered derivative of the antiviral drug cidofovir blocks the action of smallpox virus in laboratory tissue-culture cells and protects mice from the effects of cowpox virus, according to studies presented at a conference last week.
		Cidofovir, an inhibitor of viral DNA polymerase, is currently used to treat retinal infections caused by cytomegalovirus.
		In a federal program to find a drug for smallpox, cidofovir was previously found to be effective against smallpox and related viruses in laboratory and animal studies, according to the UCSD statement.
	www.cidrap.umn.edu /cidrap/content/bt/smallpox/news/cidofovir.html (667 words)

	Cidofovir
		Cidofovir, a purine nucleotide (phosphorylated nucleoside) analog of cytosine, is an antiviral agent that is active against certain viruses.
		Cidofovir for the treatment of AIDS-related CMV retinitis is considered medically necessary if the medical appropriateness criteria are met.
		Cidofovir for the treatment of other conditions/diseases, including, but not limited to, the following: respiratory papillomas, cowpox virus, acyclovir resistant herpes simplex type one and two, and treatment of anogenital condylomata acuminate is considered investigational.
	www.bcbst.com /MPManual/Cidofovir.htm (736 words)

	Contraindications added after episodes of severe renal toxicity with cidofovir injection
		Cidofovir (Vistide®, formerly HPMPC) was approved by FDA last June to delay progression of AIDS- associated CMV retinitis and help prevent blindness.
		The new reports were associated with cidofovir administration to patients with risk factors for nephrotoxicity, including preexisting mild renal insufficiency and administration of the drug soon after completion of aminoglycoside therapy in a patient with normal serum creatinine.
		Cidofovir joins ganciclovir (Cytovene®) and foscarnet (Foscavir®), which are also approved for this indication.
	www.ismp.org /newsletters/acutecare/articles/19961120_2.asp (374 words)

	NGC - NGC Summary
		Updated interim CDC guidance for use of smallpox vaccine, cidofovir, and vaccinia immune globulin (VIG) for prevention and treatment in the setting of an outbreak of monkeypox infections.
		Cidofovir has significant toxicity and should only be considered for treatment of severe monkeypox infections, not for prophylactic use.
		Clinical consultation on the use of VIG and cidofovir is available from staff at each state health department in the affected states.
	www.guideline.gov /summary/summary.aspx?doc_id=3851 (2663 words)

	cidofovir (Vistide)
		Cidofovir is given by intravenous infusion, directly into a vein in the arm.
		The average time to any progression of retinitis or stopping of cidofovir treatment was 52 days in a study of people who had not received previous CMV treatment.
		Cidofovir is also being studied in an intravitreal formulation.
	www.atdn.org /simple/cido.html (644 words)

	WHO \| Cidofovir Treatment of Variola (Smallpox) in the Hemorrhagic Smallpox Primate Model and the IV Monkeypox Primate ...
		Cidofovir is capable of inhibiting smallpox and other orthopoxviruses in vitro and can successfully treat mice that are lethally infected with cowpox by either the intranasal or true small particle aerosol routes.
		To access the efficacy of cidofovir against smallpox, two models of intravenous infection of cynomolgus monkeys with variola (smallpox) were developed based on challenge dose.
		This model of hemorrhagic smallpox was used to demonstrate successful prophylaxis with cidofovir, but the overwhelming nature of the infection makes the hemorrhagic smallpox model inappropriate to determine the treatment window for classical smallpox.
	www.who.int /csr/disease/smallpox/cidofovirtreatment/en (223 words)

	Cidofovir May Be Useful for PML - The Body
		Fourteen were also given cidofovir, a drug approved for the treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV).
		The dose of cidofovir used in this study was 5mg/kg every week for the first two weeks then 5mg/kg every other week.
		Further analysis of the results show that several factors contributed to prolonged survival: use of cidofovir, lower JC virus levels at the start of the study and starting potent anti-HIV therapy prior to developing PML.
	www.thebody.com /pinf/mar01/cidofovir.html (633 words)

	EFFECTIVE DRUG TREATMENT FOR SMALLPOX - Cidofovir - BUT NOT FOR YOU (THREAD II)... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Cidofovir (Vistide)- A nucleoside analog DNA polymerase inhibitor; if administered within 48 h of exposure, may attenuate or avoid infection; adefovir, cidofovir, and ribavirin are under investigation for smallpox.
		This vastly differentiates smallpox treatment with cidofovir from the treatment of CMV with the same, since treatment of CMV is ongoing for the life of the patient.
		Although, adefovir, dipivoxil, cidofovir and ribavirin have significant in vitro antiviral activity against poxviruses, their efficacy as therapeutic agents for smallpox is currently uncertain.
	www.freerepublic.com /forum/a3bd05ecf3ada.htm (1671 words)

	Cidofovir
		Cidofovir (brand name Vistide®) is a white crystalline powder that is distributed as a clear colorless solution of concentration 75 mg/ml adjusted to pH 7.4.
		Acting as an antiviral agent by preventing the replication of CMV, cidofovir targets viral DNA polymerase and prevents transcription.
		Because the viral polymerase is 8 to 600 times more sensitive than human DNA alpha, beta, and gamma polymerases, the active ingredient, cidofovir diphosphate, is able to specifically target viral replication processes.
	www.stanford.edu /group/virus/orthomyxo/2000/ortho/cidofovir.html (347 words)

	Clinical Potential of the Acyclic Nucleoside Phosphonates Cidofovir, Adefovir, and Tenofovir in Treatment of DNA Virus ...
		Administration of cidofovir was accompanied by intravenous hydration with 2 liters of normal saline and 4 g of probenecid orally (2 g at 3 h before, 1 g at 2 h after, and 1 g at 8 h after each cidofovir infusion).
		Cidofovir was administered intravenously at the dosage schedule explained in the legend to Fig.
		Cidofovir was administered topically as a 1% cream in Beeler base once daily for repeated courses (5-days-on/5-days-off therapy), with complete resolution of the lesions after seven courses (2 to 3 months) (88).
	cmr.asm.org /cgi/content/full/16/4/569 (9360 words)

	Cidofovir may benefit HIV-infected patients with PML
		The investigators began intravenous cidofovir 5 mg/kg on a weekly basis for 2 weeks and then every 2 weeks, with probenecid, for a total of 12 doses.
		Cidofovir was administered to this patient in the same dosage regimen as the first case and she also improved and is now "autonomous, but with a mild left hemiparesis."
		In both patients, "cidofovir appeared to stop the course of the disease and ameliorate neurological symptoms," say the investigators.
	www.aidsmeds.com /news/20001121clin002.html (445 words)

	Virology Journal \| Full text \| Cyclic cidofovir (cHPMPC) prevents congenital cytomegalovirus infection in a guinea pig ...
		These studies were therefore undertaken to evaluate the potential efficacy of cyclic cidofovir against congenital GPCMV infection, using an enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP)-tagged virus [11], to aid in the detection of vertically transmitted infection in pups born to animals challenged with GPCMV in the third trimester of pregnancy.
		Overall, cyclic cidofovir eliminated recovery of GPCMV by viral culture from visceral organ in both dams and pups (7/24 of control dams and/or pups were culture positive, versus 0/20 animals in cyclic cidofovir group; p = 0.01, Table 2).
		Maternal and fetal GPCMV disease and mortality was abrogated by antiviral therapy with cyclic cidofovir.
	www.virologyj.com /content/3/1/9 (3871 words)

	Cidofovir Injection - Drugs & Vitamins - Drug Library - DrugDigest
		Cidofovir is used to treat cytomegalovirus (CMV)eye infections (retinitis) in HIV-infected patients.
		Cidofovir is not a cure, and repeat courses of the medication are needed to prevent or treat reactivation of the virus.
		Cidofovir as been associated with the development of cancer, especially breast cancer, in animal studies.
	www.drugdigest.org /DD/PrintablePages/Monograph/0,7765,146\|,00.html (555 words)

	Healthopedia.com - Cidofovir (Injection) (Vistide) - Drugs Information, Side Effects, & Interactions
		Before your cidofovir treatment, you will have extra fluid given intravenously to help prevent some of the harmful effects that cidofovir may have on your kidneys.
		Cidofovir may be harmful to an unborn baby.
		For men, cidofovir may decrease the amount of you sperm produce, so that you may not be able to have children.
	www.healthopedia.com /drugs/quick/cidofovir (828 words)

	Cidofovir as an Useful Adjunct in Treating Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis
		The long-lasting antiviral effect of cidofovir allows infrequent dosing of the drug (i.e., only once a week or every other week), which clearly distinguishes cidofovir from other antiviral drugs (acyclovir, penciclovir, and ganciclovir), which have to be administered several times daily to sustain an antiviral response.
		The potential of cidofovir to treat laryngeal papillomatosis has also been demonstrated by studies in which patients with severe recurrent laryngeal papillomatosis, treated with intralesional injections of cidofovir resulted in a complete regression of the papillomatous lesions in the majority of the patients.
		Although response to cidofovir is not universal, long-term follow-up of patients treated with cidofovir have demonstrated its usefulness as an adjunct in treating RRP.
	www.rxpgnews.com /article_1591.shtml (1083 words)

	MedlinePlus Drug Information: Cidofovir Injection
		Cidofovir is used to treat CMV retinitis in patients with AIDS.
		If you are told to store additional cidofovir in the freezer, always move a 24-hour supply to the refrigerator for the next day's use.
		If you are receiving cidofovir in your vein or under your skin, you need to know the symptoms of a catheter-related infection (an infection where the needle enters your vein or skin).
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/druginfo/medmaster/a696037.html (961 words)

	[No title]
		Instruct patient taking oral cidofovir that it is essential to take a full course of probenecid with each dose (2 g 3 hr before and 1 g 2 hr and 8 hr after completing the infusion).
		Instruct patient of childbearing potential that cidofovir is embryotoxic and that appropriate contraceptive methods should be used by women during treatment and for 1 mo after treatment is completed.
		Advise patient that cidofovir causes tumors (eg, mammary adenocarcinomas) in rats and should be considered a potential carcinogen in humans.
	www.reutershealth.com /atoz/html/Cidofovir.htm (918 words)

	Cidofovir (Systemic) - MayoClinic.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Cidofovir has not been studied in pregnant women.
		Cidofovir can cause serious side effects, including possible cancer and trouble in having children later.
		Therefore, it is especially important that you discuss with the child's doctor the good that this medicine may do as well as the risks of using it.
	www.mayoclinic.com /health/drug-information/DR203520 (1012 words)

	CDC Moneypox \| Updated Interim CDC Guidance for Use of Smallpox Vaccine, Cidofovir, and Vaccinia Immune Globulin (VIG) ...
		This interim guidance updates the June 12, 2003, interim guidance on the use of smallpox vaccine, cidofovir, and vaccinia immune globulin (VIG) for purposes of monkeypox outbreak control in affected states.
		This interim CDC guidance was developed using the best available information about the benefits and risks of smallpox vaccination, VIG, and cidofovir for prevention and management of smallpox, monkeypox and complications of vaccinia infection.
		However, cidofovir has proven anti-monkeypox viral activity in in vitro and in animal studies (12,13).
	www.cdc.gov /ncidod/monkeypox/treatmentguidelines.htm (3109 words)

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