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Topic: Cigarette smoking

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	Cigarette - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A cigarette is distinguished from a cigar by its smaller size, use of processed leaf, and paper wrapping; cigars are typically composed entirely of whole leaf tobacco.
		Cigarettes were largely unknown in the English-speaking world before the Crimean War, when British soldiers began emulating their Ottoman Turkish comrades, who resorted to rolling their tobacco with newsprint.
		Smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States, where it causes one in every five deaths.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cigarette (2049 words)

	ACS :: Cigarette Smoking
		Because cigarette smoking and tobacco use is an acquired behavior, one that the individual chooses to do, smoking is the most preventable cause of premature death in our society.
		Smoking is also a major cause of heart disease, bronchitis, emphysema, and stroke, and contributes to the severity of pneumonia.
		It is absorbed readily from tobacco smoke in the lungs and from smokeless tobacco in the mouth or nose and rapidly spreads throughout the body.
	www.cancer.org /docroot/PED/content/PED_10_2X_Cigarette_Smoking_and_Cancer.asp?sitearea=PED (1564 words)

	Cigarette Smoking-Related Mortality (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Cigarette smoking is the single most preventable cause of premature death in the United States.
		Women who smoke increase their risk of dying from lung cancer by nearly 12 times and the risk of dying from bronchitis and emphysema by more than 10 times.
		Smoking triples the risk of dying from heart disease among middle-aged men and women.
	www.cdc.gov /tobacco/research_data/health_consequences/mortali.htm (292 words)

	InfoFacts - Cigarettes and Other Nicotine Products
		In addition to nicotine, cigarette smoke is primarily composed of a dozen gases (mainly carbon monoxide) and tar.
		The success rates for smoking cessation treatment with nicotine chewing gum vary considerably across studies, but evidence suggests that it is a safe means of facilitating smoking cessation if chewed according to instructions and restricted to patients who are under medical supervision.
		The decrease in smoking rates among young Americans corresponds to several years in which increased proportions of teens said they believe there is a "great" health risk associated with cigarette smoking and expressed disapproval of smoking one or more packs of cigarettes a day.
	www.nida.nih.gov /Infofax/tobacco.html (1755 words)

	Cigarette Smoking - The Facts
		Smoking has been responsible for 16% (or 1 in 6) of all deaths in the U.S. each year.
		Cigarettes are the most heavily advertised products in the U.S. Tobacco companies spend over $5,000 per minute on advertising and promotion of tobacco products.
		Cigarette smoking is the #1 cause of cancer death in men.
	abrannen.home.mindspring.com /alag/cigarett.htm (582 words)

	Chronic cigarette smoking ...
		The effects of chronic cigarette smoking on insulin sensitivity were examined in 28 smokers and 12 non-smokers with Type 2 diabetes, matched as closely as possible with regard to sex, age, BMI, waist-hip ratio, alcohol consumption, physical activity level, glycometabolic control, diabetes duration and treatment.
		Although this is a cross-sectional and not a longitudinal study, evidence for a causal relationship between cigarette smoking and insulin resistance is suggested in Fig.
		Since the increased hyperinsulinaemia in smoking Type 2 diabetic patients was associated, as might be expected, with higher plasma triglycerides, lower HDL cholesterol and slightly higher systolic blood pressures than in their non-smoking counterparts, it could well be that cigarette smoking is an environmental factor which aggravates an underlying metabolic syndrome.
	www.medforum.nl /idm/chronic.htm (799 words)

	Cigarette Smoking Causes Child Learning Disabilities - Attention Deficit and Behavior Disorders
		Although the percentage of smoking in the general population is declining, the rate of this is slowest among women of childbearing age.
		Maternal smoking during pregnancy was linearly associated with the poorer performance on the overall SCAN tests which assessed listening skills in a noisy background and the dichotic task, which required the child to attend to simultaneous information in both ears and is thought to be a measure of the child’s auditory maturation or developmental level.
		Maternal smoking during pregnancy may have direct adverse effects on the developing fetus or be a marker for a heretofore unmeasured characteristic of mothers that is of etiologic significance for conduct disorder.
	www.chem-tox.com /pregnancy/smoking.htm (2482 words)

	National Cancer Institute - Cigarette Smoking and Cancer: Q & A
		Cigarette smoking causes 87 percent of lung cancer deaths and is responsible for most cancers of the larynx, oral cavity and pharynx, esophagus, and bladder (see Question 1).
		Cigarette smoking alone is directly responsible for approximately 30 percent of all cancer deaths annually in the United States (1).
		The U.S. EPA has estimated that exposure to secondhand smoke causes about 3,000 lung cancer deaths among nonsmokers and is responsible for up to 300,000 cases of lower respiratory tract infections in children up to 18 months of age in the United States each year (5).
	www.cancer.gov /cancertopics/factsheet/Tobacco/cancer (1004 words)

	Cigarette Smoking
		Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States.
		Cigarette smoking is, in fact, the major cause of lung cancers of all major histologic types.
		Smoking during pregnancy is associated with dire consequences for the baby as a fetus, as a newborn, and even as a child.
	tuberose.com /Cigarette_Smoking.html (2698 words)

	Fact Sheet - CIGARETTE SMOKING (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Smoking is the single largest preventable cause of premature death and disability in the United States.
		Three-quarters of the adults who currently smoke started their habit before the age of 21; teenage years are critical ones in the habituation of cigarette smokers.
		Smoking has severe economic consequences for the nation, estimated at a staggering $53.7 billion in total annual costs.
	www.well.com /user/woa/fssmoke.htm (321 words)

	kellymom.com :: Breastfeeding and Cigarette Smoking
		Babies and children who are exposed to cigarette smoke have a much higher incidence of pneumonia, asthma, ear infections, bronchitis, sinus infections, eye irritation, and croup.
		A case-control study of smoking and sudden infant death syndrome in the Scandinavian countries, 1992 to 1995.
		Smoking and the sudden infant death syndrome: results from 1993-5 case-control study for confidential inquiry into stillbirths and deaths in infancy.
	www.kellymom.com /health/lifestyle/smoking.html (1442 words)

	[No title]
		Because cigarette smoking and tobacco use are acquired behaviors, ones that individuals choose to do, smoking is the most preventable cause of premature death in our society.
		The purpose of this document is to provide a brief overview of cigarette smoking: who smokes, how it affects health, and what some of the many benefits of quitting are.
		Smoking is also a major cause of heart disease, aneurysms, bronchitis, emphysema, and stroke, and it contributes to the severity of pneumonia and asthma.
	cancer.org /docroot/PED/content/PED_10_2X_Cigarette_Smoking.asp?... (1709 words)

	Cigarette Smoking and Cardiovascular Diseases
		Cigarette smoking is the most important preventable cause of premature death in the United States.
		Cigarette and tobacco smoke, high blood cholesterol, high blood pressure, physical inactivity, obesity and diabetes are the six major independent risk factors for coronary heart disease that you can modify or control.
		Smoking increases blood pressure, decreases exercise tolerance and increases the tendency for blood to clot.
	www.americanheart.org /presenter.jhtml?identifier=4545 (595 words)

	Maternal Cigarette Smoking, Metabolic Gene Polymorphism, and Infant Birth Weight JAMA v.287, n.2, 9jan02
		Maternal cigarette smoking is identified as the single largest modifiable risk factor for intrauterine growth restriction in developed countries.
		We hypothesized that the association between maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy and reduced birth weight or increased risk of LBW is modified by maternal genetic susceptibility.
		Then we investigated whether the association between maternal cigarette smoking and birth weight was modified by maternal genotypes by estimating the association between maternal cigarette smoking and birth weight in maternal genotype groups of each gene, respectively.
	www.mindfully.org /Health/Maternal-Smoking-Infant-JAMA9jan02.htm (4677 words)

	Cigarette smoking ash urns
		In reply to the issue regarding cigarette and cigar trash, the ash urn was invented.
		People who are smoking that are about to enter a building usually end up throwing their cigarette butt on the ground.
		A cigarette urn doesn't have a trash bag, as a matter of fact they don't have a place to throw trash.
	www.creativepipe.com /urns.html (448 words)

	Stop smoking products — Quit smoking aids - Smoking cessation help
		Women over 35 who smoke and use oral contraceptives are in a high-risk group for heart attack, stroke, and blood clots of the legs.
		While the Filtrim stop smoking solution minimizes the amount of nicotine and cancer-causing poisons you breathe, there is no change to your cigarette’s taste or satisfaction.
		No drugs or additives enter your cigarette, but because this tiny structural treatment is exact to 1/1000 of an inch, it enables your cigarette to burn cooler and filter more effectively...without abruptly altering taste, draw or satisfaction.
	www.filtrim.com (2293 words)

	Cigarette Smoking Elimination (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Cigarette smoking is a social behavior that is incredibly misunderstood.
		With cigarette smoking, everyone seems to have an agenda: Some nonsmokers find smokers an acceptable target for their wrath.
		Even the cigarette caused, reduced life expectancy is good for the economy...these are the population groups that are most affected are those in their social security and Medicare years.
	www.wdslibrary.com /Cigarette_1988_Cover.html (4098 words)

	Smoking and Quitting Smoking - Cancer information on MedicineNet.com
		Smoking harms not just the smoker, but also family members, coworkers, and others who breathe the smoker's cigarette smoke, called secondhand smoke.
		Among infants up to 18 months of age, secondhand smoke is associated with as many as 300,000 cases of bronchitis and pneumonia each year.
		In addition, secondhand smoke from a parent's cigarette increases a child's chances for middle ear problems, causes coughing and wheezing, and worsens asthma.
	www.medicinenet.com /smoking_and_quitting_smoking/article.htm (544 words)

	Teens,Smoking and Cigarette Advertising
		Nor is it shared by the manufacturers of cigarettes who, nevertheless, taking nothing for granted, have taken~specific steps to avoid youth appeal in their brand advertising.
		It stated that almost all teens were aware of cigarette commercials and cigarette warnings on television, and that the former "may serve''~ to reinforce or instigate teen smoking.
		While cigarette advertisements had not been published in media whose aud~iences were predominantly teens, the discontinuation, of advertising in college newspapers and other college publication,s, and the discontinuation of other brand promotional activities among college-age audiences, nevertheless indicated a raising of the minimum age for the focus of such advertising and promotion.
	tobaccodocuments.org /lor/03745244-5254.html (2584 words)

	Cigarette Smoking (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		It is not a time to make dietary changes & stop from many years of smoking-- unless you're waiting around " being hopeful" for a new miraculous tx to come along in a few years and believe you have the 'time' - then go through a no smoking program.
		I'm not saying smoking is good for one - it's not, obviously - but obesity is epidemic in the U.S. and the cause of all kinds of medical conditions necessitating the need for expensive and debilitating medications.
		I started smoking cigarettes when I was eight years old and have been smoking for 27 years.
	www.medhelp.org /perl6/Hepatitis/messages/C37800-18.html (1180 words)

	CigaretteLitter.Org - The Facts About Cigarette Butts and Litter - Cigarette Litter
		Cigarette filters are made of cellulose acetate tow, NOT COTTON, and they can take decades to degrade.
		Not only does cigarette litter ruin even the most picturesque setting, but the toxic residue in cigarette filters is damaging to the environment, and littered butts cause numerous fires every year, some of them fatal.
		Most people who litter their cigarettes either don't fully understand the consequences of their actions or they have rationalized the behaviour.
	www.cigarettelitter.org (380 words)

	ACSH > Publications >
		This report examines the irreversible effects of cigarette smoking on various organ systems and challenges the notion that a few years of exposure to smoking will have no lasting adverse consequences.
		Rather, we will show that smoking cigarettes for as few as five years can have a permanent effect on the lungs, the heart, the eyes, the throat, the urinary tract, the digestive organs, the bones and joints, and the skin—even if the smoker quits.
		Despite smoking's irreversible effects, it would be foolish for a smoker to conclude that, after years of smoking, quitting would do him no good.
	www.acsh.org /publications/pubID.377/pub_detail.asp (354 words)

	QuitSmoking.com - The Quit Smoking Company Home Page Stop Smoking
		E-Z QUIT is a smokeless cigarette substitute that fills your need to do something with your hands and mouth, and to inhale deeply.
		Tarblock Cigarette Filters - In case you are not ready to stop smoking, use these filters to remove tar and nicotine from your cigarettes.
		Smoke Control spray is a homeopathic medicine designed to provide fast relief for tobacco cravings, whether you smoke or chew.
	www.quitsmoking.com (1000 words)

	Tobacco Smoking Conspiracy: The Latest Deception to Steal Your Money
		Smoking Aloud will attempt to clear the smoke from the controversial issues while probing the various claims made by the Socialist led anti-smoking movement.
		Today they tell us that people who light up in public and puff on their cigarettes not only put themselves at risk but also is causing cancer in those non-smokers around them.
		Well, the fact is that marijuana smokers were not transformed into sex crazed killers in the 1960's and passive or secondhand smoke is not causing cancer in anybody today.
	www.smokingaloud.com (1349 words)

	Cigarette Smoking Statistics
		Among fl or African Americans, 27.0 percent of men and 18.5 percent of women smoke (2002).
		Among Hispanics/Latinos, 23.2 percent of men and 12.5 percent of women smoke (1999-2001).
		Studies show that smoking prevalence is higher among those with 9-11 years of education (35.4 percent) compared with those with more than 16 years of education (11.6 percent).
	www.americanheart.org /presenter.jhtml?identifier=4559 (197 words)

	Quit Smoking Cigarettes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		They know that smoking is as much a part of their personality as being a happy person, or being a morning person, or liking to go to the movies.
		University Smoking Survey, The University of New England, Australia, is conducting this research.
		Derek's cool "smoking page" "I stole my first cigarette out of the glove box of my father's car, back in the days when he was still a smoker".
	www.megalink.net /~dale/quitcigs.html (961 words)

	Bibliography on History of Cigarette Smoking
		This bibliography was created for a research project on the history of the cigarette and the development of a working-class niche market.
		Ferrence, Roberta G. Deadly Fashion: the Rise and Fall of Cigarette Smoking in North America.
		Cigarette Wars: The Triumph of the Little White Slaver.
	www.library.ucsf.edu /tobacco/bibliography.html (586 words)

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