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	Cilician Gates - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Cilician Gates, also known as Gülek Boğazı, narrow mountain pass in the Taurus Mountains, south central Turkey, through which, in ancient times, a...
		Gates, Robert M. Gates, Robert M., born in 1943, American government official and university administrator, who in 2006 was nominated by United States president...
		Cilician Gates definition, words related to Cilician Gates, proper usage and pronunciation of the...
	encarta.msn.com /Cilician_Gates.html (216 words)

	YourArt.com >> Encyclopedia >> Cilicia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The Cilicians appear as Khilikku in Assyrian inscriptions, and in the early part of the 1st millennium BC were one of the four chief powers of western Asia.
		Similarly Alexander found the Gates open, when he came down from the plateau in 333 BC; and from these facts it may be inferred that the great pass was not under direct Persian control, but under that of a vassal power always ready to turn against its suzerain.
		Cilician Thebes, Lyrnessus and Chryse were all attacked and sacked by Achilles during the Trojan War.
	www.yourart.com /research/encyclopedia.cgi?subject=/Cilicia (1374 words)

	Cilician Gates - Encyclopedia.com
		The gates have served for centuries as a natural highway linking Anatolia with the Mediterranean coast.
		Albania, in Arabia, in Macedonia, in Cilician Armenia--and the futility of half-measures...
		II in 1894-1896 were followed by the Cilician pogroms of 1909, and culminated in the...
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-Cilician.html (681 words)

	Cilician Gates - Search Results - MSN Encarta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Cilician Gates, also known as Gülek Boğazı, narrow mountain pass in the Taurus Mountains, south central Turkey, through which, in ancient times, a...
		Gates, William Henry, III, born in 1955, American business executive, who serves as chairman of Microsoft Corporation, the leading computer software...
		Gates, Horatio (1728?-1806), American revolutionary soldier, whose career was marked by heroism at the start and near disgrace at the end.
	ca.encarta.msn.com /Cilician_Gates.html (99 words)

	Cilician Gates Summary
		The Cilician Gates (Gulek Bogaz) is the key pass leading from the central Anatolian plateau to the Cilician plain and gives access from the cities of Konya and Ankara to Adana and the Mediterranean at Iskenderun and Antakya.
		The Cilician Gates has remained a major trade route ever since; the Byzantine fortress of Loulon defended approaches from the north, and a chain of ruined Seljuk caravansaries or inns is still visible along the road.
		The Cilician Gates link the low plains of Cilicia and the Mediterranean coast with the high central plateau of Anatolia.
	www.bookrags.com /Cilician_Gates (539 words)

	Adana - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		In Adana all the houses are flat-topped and the roofs serve as the bedrooms for the inhabitants during the hot summers.
		Adana, a modern-day city located on the right bank of the Seyhan River in the Cilician plain, was a caravan stop, river crossing, and frontier outpost protecting Asia Minor from incursions from Syria.
		(Tarsus was closer to the Cilician Gate.) The history of Adana is mixed with that of Tarsus; they seem to often be the same city, moving as the river changed position and the name changing over time.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Adana (817 words)

	Cilician Gates (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The Cilician Gates (Turkish Külek Boazi or Gulek Bogazi) form the main passage through the Taurus Mountains of southeastern Turkey.
		The Cilician Gates link the low plains of Cilicia and the Mediterranean coast with the high central plateau of Anatolia.
		When German engineers were working on the railroad link between the shore of the Sea of Marmara opposite Constantinople and Baghdad, they were unable to follow the steep-pitched, narrow, and tightly winding ancient track through the pass.
	cilician-gates.iqnaut.net (195 words)

	Cilician Gates - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Cilician Gates of wic (Turkish Külek Boazi or Gulek Bogazi) form the main passage through the Taurus Mountains of southern Turkey.
		The Gates are the narrow gorge through which flows the Gökoluk River.
		The Army of the Ten Thousand, Alexander the Great before the Battle of Issus, Paul of Tarsus on his way to the Galatians, and the knights of the First Crusade all passed through the Cilician Gates.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cilician_Gates (213 words)

	Livius Picture Archive: Cilician Gate (Gülek Bogazi) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The Cilician Gate is a pass through the Taurus mountains.
		It is often said that the the Gülek Bogazi (picture) is identical to the Cilician Gate, but this is only partially true.
		Any army moving from the north to the south (e.g., that of the Persian rebel Cyrus in 401, Alexander the Great in 333 BCE, or that of Septimius Severus in 194), was first forced to take the Gate, but then had to move through the narrow canyon of the river Tarsus.
	www.livius.org /a/turkey/cil_gates/gates.html (187 words)

	Cilician Gates - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Cilician Gates - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Cilician Gates (Turk., Gülek Bogaz), narrow mountain pass in the Taurus Mountains, south central Turkey, through which, in ancient times, a road...
		Arrigetch Peaks, Gates of the Arctic National Park
	uk.encarta.msn.com /Cilician_Gates.html (120 words)

	Cilicia - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		After Alexander's death it was long a battleground of rival marshals and kings, and for a time fell under Ptolemaic dominion, but finally under that of the Seleucids, who, however, never held effectually more than the eastern half.
		The Seljuk invasion of Armenia was followed by an exodus of Armenians southwards, and in 1080, Rhupen, a relative of the last king of Ani, founded in the heart of the Cilician Taurus a small principality, which gradually expanded into the kingdom of Lesser Armenia or Armenia Minor.
		This Christian kingdom situated in the midst of Moslem states, hostile to the Byzantines, giving valuable support to the crusaders, and trading with the great commercial cities of Italy had a stormy existence of about 300 years.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Cilicia (1120 words)

	AllRefer.com - Cilician Gates (Turkey Physical Geography) - Encyclopedia
		AllRefer.com - Cilician Gates (Turkey Physical Geography) - Encyclopedia
		You are here : AllRefer.com > Reference > Encyclopedia > Turkey Physical Geography > Cilician Gates
		Known to the ancients as the Pylae Ciliciae, it follows the gorge of the GOkoluk River.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/C/Cilician.html (155 words)

	[No title]
		At the of St Paul's birth and upbringing, Tarsus was the most important city in the Cilician plain (Cukurova) which was then know as Smooth Cilicia’.
		Tarsus was the first urban center with the amenities of civilization after crossing the Cilician Gates to the south, and thus an indispensable stage to recover before traveling on to Syria and the countries beyond.
		The ancient street which has recently been excavated, the remains of the Via Tauris connecting the city to the Cilician Gates and the large floor mosaic which was brought to light in the city give us an idea about the Tarsus of St Paul 's time.
	www.meandertravel.com /biblicalanatolia/cityofstpaul.htm (1053 words)

	Tyana - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		It was in a strategic position on the road to Syria via the Cilician Gates.
		Tyana is probably the city referred to in Hittite archives as Tuwanuwa.
		In Greek legend the city was first called Thoana, because Thoas, a Thracian king, was its founder (Arrian, "Periplus Ponti Euxini", vi); it was in Cappadocia, at the foot of Taurus Mountains and near the Cilician Gates (Strabo, XII, 537; XIII, 587).
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/Tyana (245 words)

	History 310: Military (cont.)
		The march from Sardes to Tarsus took 107 days (including 34 days of actual marching, 71 days of rest, a day of fighting for the Cilician Gates, and a day to cross the pass).
		The entire march took 6 months (85 days of marching, 92 days at rest, 2 days of crossing the Cilician Gates and Euphrates River, 1 day of skirmish, 1 day of battle at Cunaxa for a total of 181 days, possibly 183 days if the march to the Cayster plain is an error).
		He thus timed the main march to start in the last week of April, because by the first week of May the grain was "milk ripe" and from June on the army had plenty of freshly harvested grain.
	www.tulane.edu /~august/H310/handouts/Military_d.htm (913 words)

	Tarsus - LoveToKnow 1911
		That the latter was due to Greek influence is shown by the village Mopsucrene on the southern approach to the Gates: Mopsus was the prophet of Clarian Apollo.
		Even after the "Cilician Gates" were cut, the crossing of Taurus was a difficult operation for an invading army (as Xenophon and Arrian show).
		Hence Tarsian history (where not determined by Greek maritime relations) has been strongly affected by Semitic influence, and Dion Chrysostom, about A.D. 112, says it was more like a Phoenician than a Hellenic city (which it claimed to be).
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Tarsus (1375 words)

	Biblical Sites in Eastern Turkey (Part 1) by Ferrell Jenkins
		It was a beautiful flight and we could see the Taurus Mountains and the Cilician Gates as we approached Adana.
		Leaving Adana we headed west through the plains of Cilicia and took the old road (instead of the new toll road) northwesterly through the Cilician Gates, one of the three passes through the Taurus Mountains which connect the Anatolian plateau, with an elevation of about 3000 feet above sea level, with the Mediterranean coast.
		In the city we saw the stone arch which was probably the Sea Gate to the old walled city.
	www.bibleworld.com /turkey/eturk1.html (1414 words)

	Holy Land Photos
		The Cilician Gates is really a pass in the Taurus mountains though which almost all traffic passing between the Cilician Plain and the Anatolian highland passed.
		The idea of a "gate" seems to refer to that which one must pass though, and through which access can be controlled.
		The mountain slopes in the sunlight on the left (west) and right (east) sides of the highway are the respective sides of the pass.
	holylandphotos.org /browse.asp?s=1,3,8,22,70&img=TCMCTS10 (175 words)

	Apollonius.Net - Ski Tyana!
		Today, the remains of this gate are located in the middle of a shabby traffic circle, as if it were just a relic "nuisance" in the center of town to be left alone and tolerated.
		At the Cilician Gates, there is a stretch of about 5 miles (8 kilometers) where a narrow highland gorge exists, connecting the western slopes of one range with the eastern slopes of an adjacent range.
		Were it not for the Cilician Gates, to get from north to south one would have to cross two mountain ranges instead of a single combined range with a high-elevation "gate." The old, two-lane highway through the Gulek Bogazi, as the Cilician Gates are now called, was winding but not extremely narrow.
	www.apollonius.net /skityana.html (8672 words)

	Cilicia
		The character of Cilician history has been largely determined by the physical features of the province.
		Cilicia has always been isolated from its neighbors by land by its encircling mountains, save for its two famous mountain passes, the “Syrian Gates,” which offer an easy road to Antioch and the South, and the wonderful “Cilician Gates,” which open a road to central and western Asia Minor.
		Through these passes the armies and the pilgrims, the trade and the travel of the centuries have made their way.
	holycall.com /biblemaps/cilicia.htm (697 words)

	Travel Guide To Turkey, Guide de la Turquie, GUIDE MARTINE, Guide to Turkey, Guide de Turquie, Travel, Turkey, Voyage, ...
		He first took possession of Sardis, the headquarters of the Persian government on this side of the Taurus.
		Then he moved to Ankyra and then south through Cappadocia and the Cilician Gates.
		In the summer of 330, Alexander chased Darius III as far as Skirmish at the Caspian Gates, where he found him dead, assassinated by the usurper satrap Bessus whom he captured and executed later in 328.
	www.guide-martine.com /history4.asp (2283 words)

	Biblical Tours In Turkey,7 Churches Tour ,Turkey Biblical Places ,Paul's Journey Tours
		Following the collapse of the Assyrian kingdom, Cilicia seems to have survived as an independent state until Anatolia was captured by Cyrus the Great [555-530 BCE) of the Persian empire.
		Tarsus was the first urban centre with the amenities of civilization after crossing the Cilician Gates to the south, and thus an indispensable stage to recover before travelling on to Syria and the countries beyond.
		The ancient street which has recently been excavated, the remains of the Via Tauris connecting the city to the Cilician Gates and the large floor mosaic which was brought to light in the city give us an idea about the Tarsus of St Paul's time.
	www.turkeyreligioustours.com /tarsus-city-of-saint-paul.asp (1073 words)

	Holy Land Photos
		The Cilician Gates is really a pass in the Taurus mountains though which almost all traffic passing between the Cilician Plain (Tarsus) and the Anatolian highland (Iconium) passed.
		The idea of a "gate" seems to refer to that which one must pass through, and through which access can be controlled.
		In ancient times the Persians passed through this area on their march westward, but later the Greeks, led by Alexander Great, pursued them through these "gates" in the opposite direction as they retreated eastward.
	www.holylandphotos.org /browse.asp?SiteID=63 (132 words)

	Cilician Gates, Turkey
		Just over 50km/30mi north of Tarsus the valley of the Tarsus Çayi narrows into the defile now called Gülek Bogazi but famed in ancient times as the Cilician Gates (Latin "Pylae Ciliciae") - a rocky gorge several hundred meters high but barely 20m/65ft wide through which the river rushes.
		The ancient road which frequently featured in history was used by such notable figures as Semiramis, Xerxes, Darius, Cyrus the Younger, Alexander the Great, Haroun al-Rashid and Geoffrey de Bouillon.
		Immediately south of the Cilician Gates rise the fortress-like crag of Gülek Kale Dagi with the ruined castle of Assa Kaliba crowning the hill 600m/2,000ft higher up.
	www.planetware.com /tarsus/cilician-gates-tr-ic-tacg.htm (188 words)

	Alan Fildes, Articles, Alexander the Great, Victory at Issus 333bc
		His major concern was the narrow precipitous pass through the mountain range known as the Cilician Gates which, if properly defended, would be virtually impenetrable.
		Yet non-stop campaigning had left him close to exhaustion and in September he became dangerously ill. After bathing in icy waters of the river Cydnus near Tarsus, he had fallen into convulsions and was gripped by raging fever.
		Sending Parmenio to secure the Syrian Gates (the Beilan Pass) and the route through the Amanus mountains, he himself would undertake a short campaign to subdue to the Cilicians occupying the foothills.
	www.alanfildes.com /alexanderissus.php (1193 words)

	Definition of Cilician Gates - Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary
		Learn more about "Cilician Gates" and related topics at Britannica.com
		Find more about "Cilician Gates" instantly with Live Search
		See a map of "Cilician Gates" in the Visual Thesaurus
	www.m-w.com /dictionary/Cilician+Gates (37 words)

	Holy Land Photos
		The Cilician Gates is really a pass in the Taurus mountains though which almost all traffic passing between the Cilician Plain (Tarsus) and the Anatolian highland (Iconium) passed.
		The idea of a "gate" seems to refer to that which one must pass through, and through which access can be controlled.
		In ancient times the Persians passed through this area on their march westward, but later the Greeks, led by Alexander Great, pursued them through these "gates" in the opposite direction as they retreated eastward.
	holylandphotos.org /browse.asp?s=1,3,8,22,70&img=TCMCTS10 (132 words)

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