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Topic: Cimmerian Bosporus

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	The Bosporus
		The Bosporus Kingdom encompassed the coastal areas of the eastern Crimea and the Taman Peninsula where the straights of Kerch (the Cimmerian Bosporus) connect the Black Sea to the Sea of Azov.
		Homer characterized the early Cimmerian inhabitants of this region as living in a country of darkness that was situated on the northern edge of the populated world.
		This poorly preserved inscription is the earliest of the extant synagogue inscriptions from the Bosporus.
	www.pohick.org /sts/bosporus.html (599 words)

	Bosporus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Bosporus formed about 5600 BC when the rising waters of the Mediterranean/Sea of Marmara breached through to the Black Sea, which at the time was a low-lying body of fresh water.
		Some have argued that the resulting massive flooding of the inhabited and probably farmed northern shores of the Black Sea is the historic basis for the flood stories in the Epic of Gilgamesh and the Bible.
		The strategic importance of the Bosporus remains high, and control over it has been an objective of a number of hostilities in modern history, notably the Russo-Turkish War, 1877-1878, as well as of the attack of the Allied Powers on the Dardanelles in 1915 in the course of the First World War.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bosporus (613 words)

	CIMMERIAN (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Cimmerians are the earliest known inhabitants of the Crimea.
		This migration of Cimmerians coincided with the migrations of Meshech and Tubal.
		Armenia, from the Cyrus River to the South of Lake Van, was ravaged by the Cimmerians 679-677 BC.
	www.geocities.com /amuse_amenace/cimmerian.htm (1064 words)

	Bosporus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The ancient Greeks referred to this strait as the Thracian Bosporus, as they called the Strait of Kerch the Cimmerian Bosporus.
		Two bridges cross the Bosporus strait: the Bogazici (Bosporus I) Bridge (1074 metres long, completed in 1973) and the Fatih Sultan Mehmed (Bosporus II) Bridge (1090 metres long, completed in 1988).
		Due to the importance of the strait for the defense of Istanbul, the Ottoman sultans constructed a castle on each side of it (Anadoluhisari and Rumelihisari).
	bopedia.com /en/wikipedia/b/bo/bosporus.html (218 words)

	Bosporus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The first, Bogazici (Bosporus I) bridge, is 1074 meters long and was completed in 1973.
		Bosporus means in Greek "ox ford" or "ox passage"; the name comes from a Greek myth about Io's travels after Zeus turned her into an ox for her protection.
		Some have argued that a massive flood occurring in the region around 5600 BC is the historic basis for the flood stories in the Epic of Gilgamesh and the Bible.
	hallencyclopedia.com /Bosporus (711 words)

	Bosporus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The Bosporus or Bosphorus (Turkish Boğaziçi) is a strait that separates the European part of Turkey from its Asian part, connecting the Sea of Marmara with the Black Sea.
		The second, Fatih Sultan Mehmed (Bosporus II) bridge, is 1014 meters long, and was completed in 1988 about five kilometers north of the first bridge.
		Bosporus means "ox ford" or "ox passage"; the name comes from a Greek myth about Io's travels after Zeus turned her into as an ox for her protection.
	www.peacelink.de /keyword/Bosporus.php (331 words)

	Colonization (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Nimphey, one of the significant centers of Bosporus, was founded in the first half of the sixth century B.C. by the descendants from the Pontus cities of Asia Minor.
		At the end of the sixth and the beginning of the fifth centuries B.C., the military-political situation at Bosporus turned to the worse due to the increasing threat on the part of the surrounding barbarians.
		It is possible that the subordination of Nimphey to Bosporus took place during the military expansion of Bosporus against Feodosia under the rule of czars Satirus I and his son Leuconus I. In spite of the aforementioned events the city flourished in the fifth and the beginning of the sixth centuries B.C..
	idcs0100.lib.iup.edu /AncGreece/colonization.htm (2111 words)

	Cimmerian Bosporus: Encyclopedia topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The Cimmerians (Cimmerians: the cimmerians were an ancient people of unknown affinity, possibly of anatolian, thracian...
		The Bosporan kingdom is interesting as the first Hellenistic (Hellenistic: more facts about this subject) state, the first, that is to say, in which a mixed population adopted the Greek language and civilization.
		They also held Ta Matarcha on the eastern side of the strait, a town which in the 10th and 11th centuries became the seat of the Russian principality of Tmutarakhan, which in turn gave place to Tatar (Tatar: The Turkic language spoken by the Tatar people living from the Volga to the Ural Mountains) domination.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /reference/cimmerian_bosporus (1277 words)

	Cimmerian Bosporus - TheBestLinks.com - Black Sea, Byzantium, Diaspora, Huns, ...
		Cimmerian Bosporus - TheBestLinks.com - Black Sea, Byzantium, Diaspora, Huns,...
		Cimmerian Bosporus, Black Sea, Bosporus, Byzantium, Diaspora, Huns, Caucasus...
		These Greek colonies were mostly settled by Milesians, Panticapaeum in the 7th or early in the 6th century B. C., but Phanagoria (c.540 B. C.) was a colony of Teos, and Nymphaeum had some connexion with Athens-- at least it appears to have been a member of the Confederacy of Delos.
	www.thebestlinks.com /Cimmerian_Bosporus.html (1186 words)

	Pantikapaion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Situated on the west side of the Cimmerian Bosporus, in what is now the Crimea, it was an important port city and a center for trade achieving great prosperity through its exploitation of the abundant fisheries of the straits and the export of wheat from the Crimea.
		This wealth is attested by its splendid gold coinage commencing in the mid-4th century and by the magnificently furnished rock tombs of its principal citizens in the 4th and 3rd centuries.
		Later, it was to become a regional capital of the kingdom of Mithradates VI of Pontus (120-63 BC) and later still the seat of the kings of Bosporus (1st cent.
	users2.ev1.net /~legionary/mainevent/coins/Pantikapaion.html (122 words)

	Kingdom of the Bosporus -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		also called Cimmerian Bosporus, ancient Greek state situated on Kerch Strait in present-day southern Ukraine.
		More results on "Kingdom of the Bosporus" when you join.
		The dividing line between the European and Asian sections of the Turkish city of Istanbul (Constantinople) is the strait of the Bosporus.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9080818 (896 words)

	XXIII. To the Emperor Trajan. Pliny the Younger. 1909-14. Letters. The Harvard Classics. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Sir, a despatch from your freedman, Lycormas, desiring me, if any embassy from Bosporus 1 should come here on the way to Rome, that I would detain it till his arrival.
		None has yet arrived, at least in the city 2 where I now am.
		The town of Panticapoeum, also called Bosporus, standing on the European side of the Cimmerian Bosporus (Straits of Kaffa), in the modern Crimea.
	www.bonus.com /contour/bartlettqu/http@@/www.bartleby.com/9/4/2023.html (169 words)

	BOSPORUS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The Bosporus or Bosphorus is a strait that separates the European part of Turkey from its Asian part, connecting the Sea of Marmara with the Black Sea.
		Approximately 1,400 meters of the tunnel will run under the strait, at a depth of about 55 meters.
		It is licensed under the GNU free documentation license.
	www.yotor.org /wiki/en/bo/Bosporus.htm (351 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Prosperous when ruled by strong leaders, the trading ports of the Bosporus suffered greatly during frequent incursions by the tribesmen of the steppes.
		The first dynasty to term themselves kings of the Bosporos were the Spartocids, who ruled the cities of the Crimean and Taman penninsulas from 438 to 110 BC.
		For the remainder of the first century BC, the region was wracked by dynastic conflicts exacerbated by shifting alliegences during Roman civil war.
	www.wildwinds.com /coins/ric/tiberius/RPC_1903.txt (279 words)

	Cimmerian Bosporus -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - Your gateway to all Britannica has to offer!
		Founded in the 6th century BC by Miletan Greeks, it flourished as a trading centre, and in the 5th century it became the capital of the kingdom of the Cimmerian Bosporus.
		It straddles the Bosporus, a narrow strait that divides the continents of Europe and Asia—a strategic location that has made it...
		U.S. swimmer Florence Chadwick was born in San Diego, Calif. In 1950 she was the first woman to swim the English Channel both ways and in 1952 the first to swim from Catalina Island to Los Angeles where she broke the all-time speed record.
	concise.britannica.com /ebc/article-9360805 (654 words)

	Bryn Mawr Classical Review 2001.12.10
		Situated on both sides of the Cimmerian Bosporus (the modern Straits of Kerch), it included a large part of the eastern Crimea along with Theodosia, the entire Kerch peninsula, the Taman peninsula with its adjoining territories as far as the foothills of the North Caucasus, and the Lower Don area.
		According to the author, Aphrodite was not the only deity worshipped in the Greek cities of the Bosporus, but she was the only one who had distinct local connections even at the early stages of the Greek colonization of the area.
		In addition, she gives a thorough overview of the modern state of scholarship on this area, from which it becomes clear that there is still an enormous gap between the Western and the Eastern European studies.
	ccat.sas.upenn.edu /bmcr/2001/2001-12-10.html (1113 words)

	The State Hermitage Museum: Virtual Tour
		Gilles wrote a historical introduction about the archaeological researches in the south of Russia for the monumental work entitled The Antiquities of Cimmerian Bosporus Kept in the Imperial Hermitage Museum that was published in 1854.
		The catalogue included in the publication was compiled by the historian and archaeologist Ludolf Stephani, the curator of the collections of antiquities.
		The author gave a detailed description of the displays of First Section, including the drawings and manuscripts, the library, the exhibition of the antiquities of Cimmerian Bosporus, the collection of ceramics and sculpture, and also the Münzkabinett that contained the collection of medals and coins.
	monarch.hermitage.ru /html_En/05/hm88_5_8.html (1296 words)

	[No title]
		The Cimmerians {KMR} SUDDENLY show up in history about 710 BC when they were pushed out of the Russian Steppes by the Scythians {SKD}.
		The rest of the Cimmerians {KMR} moved south across the Caucasus Mountians first destroying Urartu (near Mt Ararat) and then the kingdom of Phrygia in Anatolia (in modern Turkey).
		Are the Welsh the descendants of the Cimmerians {KMR}?
	www.geocities.com /Athens/Thebes/6620/khumri/f84cymry.htm (1146 words)

	Tourist info
		Known in ancient times as Tauris, the peninsula was the home of the Cimmerian people, called the Tauri.
		Ionian and Dorian Greeks began to colonize the coast in the 6th cent., and the peninsula became the major source of wheat for ancient Greece.
		An accord the same year between Ukraine and Russia called for the division of the Black Sea fleet, and in 1997 it was agreed that Russia would be allowed to base its portion of the fleet there for 20 years.
	www.umcs.maine.edu /~idaacs/2001/tourist_history.htm (562 words)

	Ancient coins of Bosporus and Colchis
		The autonomous coinage of Gorgippia and Phanagoria, the chief cities (on the Asiatic side) of the district known as the Cimmerian Bosporus, bear a close resemblance, in both style and fabric, to the more recent issues of Panticapaeum on the European side of the Straits.
		The geographical arrangement adopted in the present work, and by all numismatists, unfortunately necessitates the separation of the coins of the Asiatic from those of the European portion of the Bosporus.
		The chief city of Asiatic Bosporus, situate nearly opposite Panticapaeum, the European capital.
	www.snible.org /coins/hn/bosporus.html (293 words)

	The Crimea (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		This small page is a preliminary exercise in detailing some of the nations and peoples who have occupied this place over the course of it's history.
		Aside from a general survey of the Peninsula, this also contains the (Cimmerian) Bosporus Kingdom, Capa, Cembalo, Cherson (Sevastopol), Doros, Feodoro, Gazaria (Genoese possessions), the Girai Khanate of Krym, the Keremi Huns, Matrega, Sudak, Tmutarakan, and Vosporo.
		In their internal affairs, they governed themselves by a kind of military democracy, a condition very reminiscent of later Cossacks in the same region, and the city-state of Berlad, in northern Romania.
	www.hostkingdom.net /crimea.html (1518 words)

	Upto11.net - Wikipedia Article for Bosporus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Fatih Sultan Mehmed Bridge over the Bosporus seen from over Rumelihisarand#305;
		---- The Bosporus or Bosphorus (Turkish Boand#287;aziçi or and#304;stanbul Boand#287;azand#305;) is a strait that separates the European part (Rumeli) of Turkey from its Asian part (Anadolu), connecting the Sea of Marmara (Marmara Denizi) with the Black Sea (Karadeniz).
		The Bosporus formed about 5600 BC when the rising waters of the Mediterranean/Sea of Marmara breeched through to the Black Sea, which at the time was a low-lying body of fresh water.
	www.upto11.net /generic_wiki.php?q=bosporus (438 words)

	Freemasonry, Pirates, the Jolly Roger, and Mithraism
		Cimmerian Bosporus (Crimea and Straits of Kerch), Mithradates was a deliverer from their
		Scythian enemies, and they gladly surrendered their independence in return for the protection given to them by his armies.
		Mithradates then established himself in 64 at Panticapaeum (Kerch) on the Cimmerian Bosporus and was planning an invasion of Italy by way of the Danube when his own troops, led by his son
	www.freemasonrywatch.org /pirates.html (8610 words)

	iqexpand.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Look for Cimmerian bosporus in Wiktionary, our sister dictionary project.
		Look for Cimmerian bosporus in the Commons, our repository for free images, music, sound, and video.
		If you have created this page in the past few minutes and it has not yet appeared, it may not be visible due to a delay in updating the database.
	cimmerian_bosporus.iqexpand.com (165 words)

	Middle East Open Encyclopedia: Bosporus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		This is an extract from The Middle East Open Encyclopedia, made possible through the Wikimedia Foundation.
		Iraq Museum International always displays the most recent published revision of the source article, Bosporus; all previous versions may be viewed here.
		They link directly to authoring tools for you to start writing a particular article.
	www.baghdadmuseum.org /ref/index.php?title=Bosporus (725 words)

	Ukrainian History - Black Sea Region Geographic History
		There is excellent archaeological evidence that Ionain Greeks from the city state of Miletus, in western Asia Minor, pioneered settlement of the Euxine Sea’s coastal regions in the 8th century B.C.E. The earliest surviving written account of the region, however, is by Herodotus.
		The former was located on the north side of a peninsula that lies closest to the Bosporus Strait.
		From the time of its founding the city was under constant pressure from Scythians and by the late 2nd and early 1st centuries the pressure became so acute that the people of the city appealed to the kingdom of Pontus in northern Asia Minor for military assistance.
	www.waycool.net /roger/blacksea.htm (1051 words)

	Ataman Hotel - Mithradates VI Eupator
		To the Greeks of the Tauric Chersonese and the Cimmerian Bosporus (Crimea and Straits of Kerch), Mithradates was a deliverer from their Scythian enemies, and they gladly surrendered their independence in return for the protection given to them by his armies.
		In Anatolia, however, the royal dominions had been considerably diminished after the death of Mithradates V: Paphlagonia had freed itself, and Phrygia (c.
		Mithradates then established himself in 64 at Panticapaeum (Kerch) on the Cimmerian Bosporus and was planning an invasion of Italy by way of the Danube when his own troops, led by his son Pharnaces II, revolted against him.
	www.atamanhotel.com /mithradates.html (1065 words)

	Webster's Unabridged Dictionary [2nd 1000 Pages]
		[L. Bosporus, G. ?, lit., oxÏford, the ox's or heifer's ford, on account of Io's passage here as a heifer; fr.
		ford.] Of or pertaining to the Thracian or the Cimmerian Bosporus.
		[L.] A strait or narrow sea between two seas, or a lake and a seas; as, the Bosporus (formerly the Thracian Bosporus) or Strait of Constantinople, between the Black Sea and Sea of Marmora; the Cimmerian Bosporus, between the Black Se < previous next >
	manybooks.net /pages/anonetext95wbstr11b/547.html (253 words)

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