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Topic: Cinchonism

	Cinchonism: Encyclopedia of chemistry, analytics & pharmaceutics with 64,557 entries.
		Cinchonism can occur from therapeutic doses of quinine, either from one or several large doses, or from small doses over a longer period of time, not from the amounts used in tonic drinks, but possibly from ingestion of tonic water as a beverage over a lengthy period of time.
		Symptoms of mild cinchonism (which may occur from standard therapeutic doses of quinine) include flushed and sweaty skin, ringing of the ears (tinnitus), blurred vision, impaired hearing, confusion, reversible high-frequency hearing loss, headache, abdominal pain, rashes, lichenoid photosensitivity [1], vertigo, dizziness, dysphoria (feeling uneasy), nausea and vomiting, and diarrhea.
		Large doses of quinine may lead to severe symptoms of cinchonism: skin rashes, deafness (reversible), somnolence, diminished visual acuity or blindness, anaphylactic shock, and disturbances in cardiac rhythm or conduction, death from cardiotoxicity.
	www.chemie.de /lexikon/e/Cinchonism (325 words)

	Cinchonism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Cinchonism or quinism is a pathological condition in humans caused by an overdose of quinine or its natural source, cinchona bark.
		Cinchonism can occur from therapeutic doses of quinine, either from one or several large doses, or from small doses over a longer period of time, not from the amounts used in tonic drinks, but possibly from ingestion of tonic water as a beverage over a lengthy period of time.
		Symptoms of mild cinchonism (which may occur from standard therapeutic doses of quinine) include flushed and sweaty skin, ringing of the ears (tinnitus), blurred vision, impaired hearing, confusion, reversible high-frequency hearing loss, headache, abdominal pain, rashes, lichenoid photosensitivity [1], vertigo, dizziness, dysphoria (feeling uneasy), nausea and vomiting, and diarrhea.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cinchonism (348 words)

	Quinine - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It is usual for quinine in therapeutic doses to cause cinchonism; in rare cases, it may even cause death (usually by pulmonary edema).
		The development of mild cinchonism is not a reason for stopping or interrupting quinine therapy and the patient should be reassured.
		Cinchonism is much less common when quinine is given by mouth, however, oral quinine is not well tolerated (quinine is exceedingly bitter and many patients will vomit up quinine tablets): other drugs such as fansidar or malarone are often used when oral therapy is required.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Quinine (1225 words)

	CIPLADOC - Cipla Therapeutic Index
		Cinchonism: Repeated doses or overdosage of quinine may precipitate cinchonism.
		Mild to moderate cinchonism is generally manifested by tinnitus, headache, nausea and slight visual disturbances and is rarely severe enough to necessitate discontinuance of quinine therapy.
		Evidence of cinchonism, such as tinnitus, may occur occasionally in patients receiving 260-520 mg of quinine sulfate daily.
	www.cipladoc.com /therapeutic/admin.php?mode=prod&action=disp&id=141 (1264 words)

	Common Adverse Events (Cinchonism)
		The most common adverse events associated with quinine use are a cluster of symptoms called “cinchonism”, which occurs to some degree in almost all patients taking quinine.
		Cinchonism occurs in virtually all patients with quinine overdose.
		Gastrointestinal symptoms, tinnitus, and vertigo are prominent symptoms of cinchonism, but visual impairments are often the most dramatic and the most upsetting for the patient.
	www.quinine.com /node/11/print (456 words)

	Quinine (UK PID)
		Quinine may cause thrombocytopenia purpura and should be used cautiously in patients with a history of this reaction, or in highly sensitive patients.
		Adverse effects Cinchonism, including tinnitus, headache, hot and flushed skin, nausea, abdominal pain, rashes, visual disturbances (including temporary blindness), confusion.
		In addition to cinchonism quinine is thought to have a direct toxic effect on the retina, causing constricted fields that can progress to blindness with dilated non reactive pupils (Dyson et al,1985).
	www.intox.org /databank/documents/pharm/quinine/ukpid13.htm (2413 words)

	Quinine - Wikivisual
		It is usual for quinine in therapeutic doses to cause cinchonism; in rare cases, it may even cause death (usually by pulmonary edema).
		Blood glucose levels and electrolyte concentrations must be monitored when quinine is given by injection; the patient should also ideally be in cardiac monitoring when the first quinine injection is given (these precautions are often unavailable in developing countries where malaria is most a problem).
		Cinchonism is much less common when quinine is given by mouth, however, oral quinine is not well tolerated (quinine is exceedingly bitter and many patients will vomit up quinine tablets): other drugs such as Fansidar® (sulfadoxine with pyrimethamine) or Malarone® (proguanil with atovaquone) are often used when oral therapy is required.
	en.wikivisual.com /index.php?title=Quinine&printable=yes (1356 words)

	Cinchonism - TheBestLinks.com - Blindness, Birth defect, Bitter, Drink, ... (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Cinchonism, Blindness, Birth defect, Bitter, Drink, Death, Frequency...
		Cinchonism can occur from therapeutic doses of quinine, either from one or several large doses, or from small doses over a longer period of time, but not from the amounts used in tonic drinks.
		Symptoms of mild cinchonism (which may occur from standard therapeutic doses of quinine) include flushed and sweaty skin, tinnitus, blurred vision, impaired hearing, confusion, reversible high-frequency hearing loss, headache, abdominal pain, rashes, lichenoid photosensitivity [1] (http://bmj.bmjjournals.com/cgi/content/full/310/6981/738/a?maxtoshow=), vertigo, dizziness, dysphoria (feeling uneasy), nausea and vomiting, and diarrhea.
	www.thebestlinks.com /Cinchonism.html (326 words)

	cinchonism - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		The symptoms are headache, ringing in the ears, temporary deafness, and dizziness.
		Cinchonism or quinism is a pathological condition in humans caused by an overdose of quinine or its natural source, cinchona bark.
		cinchonism - definition of cinchonism by the Free Online Dictionary...
	ca.encarta.msn.com /cinchonism.html (85 words)

	Quinine (PIM 464)
		Therapeutic doses may give rise to cinchonism, characterized by tinnitus, headache, nausea, abdominal pain, pruritus, skin rashes, disturbed vision, and temporary blindness.
		The major causes of morbidity in quinine overdose include reversible renal failure, cinchonism, prolonged hearing deficits, and blindness; the skin is often hot and flushed initially then may become cold and pale (Rollo, 1975; Dannenberg et al., 1983; Licciardello & Stanbury, 1984; Medical letter, 1984; Marr, 1985; Reynolds, 1993; McEvoy,1994).
		As a test for quinine idiosyncrasy a scratch test may be made with a 1 to 10% solution of a quinine salt in physiological saline: redness, oedema, and itching occur within 5 to 15 minutes if the patient is hypersensitive (Reynolds, 1982).
	www.intox.org /databank/documents/pharm/quinine/pim464.htm (3002 words)

	Iridiagnosis: Chapter XIII
		In consultation with the doctor, patients are told that the drug is harmless, while the lecturer in classroom, and materia medica, describe in detail the cumulative effects of this and other poisonous agents.
		They picture with terrible realism the symptoms of chronic mercurialism, iodism, bromism, cinchonism, the cocaine, chloral and morphin habits, and then continue prescribing these drugs as though they were as innocent as bonbons.
		I then asked him for other symptoms of chronic cinchonism as given in standard materia medica; he admitted that he suffered from practically all of them.
	www.soilandhealth.org /02/0201hyglibcat/020128iridagnosis/Iridiagnosis/020128ch13.html (3284 words)

	Quinine (PIM 464)
		The major causes of morbidity in quinine overdose include reversible renal failure, cinchonism, prolonged hearing deficits, and blindness; the skin is often hot and flushed initially then may become cold and pale (Rollo, 1975; Dannenberg et al., 1983; Licciardello & Stanbury, 1984; Medical letter, 1984; Marr, 1985; Reynolds, 1993; McEvoy,1994).
		Some patients are hypersensitive to quinine and even small doses may give rise to symptoms of cinchonism, together with angioneurotic oedema, asthma and other allergic phenomena (Barr et al., 1990).
		As a test for quinine idiosyncrasy a scratch test may be made with a 1 to 10% solution of a quinine salt in physiological saline: redness, oedema, and itching occur within 5 to 15 minutes if the patient is hypersensitive (Reynolds, 1982).
	www.inchem.org /documents/pims/pharm/pim464.htm (3012 words)

	Quinine Sulfate (8:30.08) - 382322
		Manifestations of mild cinchonism include headache, vasodilation and sweating, nausea, tinnitus, hearing impairment, vertigo or dizziness, blurred vision, and disturbance in color perception.
		More severe cinchonism manifests as vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, deafness, blindness, and disturbances in cardiac rhythm or conduction.
		Virtually all patients with quinine overdosage develop cinchonism with manifestations ranging from headache, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, tinnitus, vertigo, hearing impairment, sweating, flushing, and blurred vision to deafness, blindness, serious cardiac arrhythmias, hypotension, and circulatory collapse.
	www.ashp.org /mngrphs/ahfs/a382322.htm (9683 words)

	Cinchona Quinin
		In consultation with the doctor, patients are told that the drug is harmless, while the lecturer in classroom, and materia medica, describe in detail the cumulative effects of this and other poisonous agents.
		They picture with terrible realism the symptoms of chronic mercurialism, iodism, bromism, cinchonism, the cocaine, chloral and morphin habits, and then continue prescribing these drugs as though they were as innocent as bonbons.
		When we see the signs of the drug in the iris of a patient we need only take any materia medica and read the typical symptoms of cinchonism or chronic quinin poisoning and the patient will confess to most of them.
	www.irisandyou.com /cinchona-quinin.htm (1569 words)

	Malaria Site: Quinine
		The typical syndrome of quinine side effects is called as cinchonism and it can be mild in usual therapeutic dosage or could be severe in larger doses.
		Mild cinchonism consists of ringing in the ears, headache, nausea and disturbed vision.
		Functional impairment of the eighth nerve results in tinnitus, decreased auditory acuity and vertigo.
	www.malariasite.com /malaria/quinine.htm (810 words)

	QUININE - LoveToKnow Article on QUININE (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Cinchonism is the name applied to the congeries of toxic symptoms which follow the prolonged administration of quinine, but may appear after one small dose in certain persons.
		After death there is found one noteworthy lesion, a commencing acute inflammation of the internal ear.
		In persons who have a marked idiosyncrasy towards cinchonism, the symptoms may often be successfully averted if small doses of hydrobromic acidjo minims of the dilute solution are given with the quinine.
	www.1911ency.org /Q/QU/QUININE.htm (5214 words)

	Cinchonism - (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Cinchonism or cinchonism quinism is a pathological condition in humans caused by an overdose of quinine or its natural source, cinchona bark.
		Side effect of quinine for nocturnal cinchonism overdose cramps - letter printed in the British Medical Journal with a photograph of hands affected by lichenoid photosensitivity
		The broader body of knowledge about diseases and their treatments is medicine.
	www.medicalgeo.com /Med-Diseases-Ci---Cy/Cinchonism.html (354 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Vomiting and diarrhea can occur as isolated reactions to therapeutic levels of quinidine, but they may also be the first signs of cinchonism, a syndrome that may also include tinnitus, reversible high-frequency hearing loss, deafness, vertigo, blurred vision, diplopia, photophobia, headache, confusion, and delirium.
		Cinchonism is most often a sign of chronic quinidine toxicity, but it may appear in sensitive patients after a single moderate dose.
		A few cases of hepatotoxicity, including granulomatous hepatitis, have been reported in patients receiving quinidine.
	www.naturesharmony.us /SideEffects/brand_files/quinidine_ad.htm (1061 words)

	[No title]
		Cinchonism is a term applied to effects common to high doses of cinchona alkaloids.
		Massive overdoses should be treated with peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis.
		The answer is E. Tinnitus is ringing of the ears, one of the symptoms of cinchonism.
	www.kumc.edu /research/medicine/pharmacology/CAI/webCAI/blk2/ab85.wbc (1215 words)

	RxPalace.com Discussion Forums : Archives : Quinine / Leg cramps
		The reason for this is due to the possibility of developing what is known as "cinchonism".
		Cinchonism is characterized by ringing in the ears, headache, nausea, and visual disturbances.
		Upon repeated doses, the gastrointestinal tract may become involved as well as the nervous system, cardiovascular system, and skin.
	www.rxpalace.com /cgi-bin/teemz/teemz.cgi?board=_master&action=opentopic&topic=74&forum=Archives (198 words)

	qarr33 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		This drug is associated with a syndrome known as cinchonism.
		Cinchonism, symptoms of which include headache, nausea, visual disturbances, dizziness, and tinnitus, is a toxic state that develops with excessive plasma levels of quinine.
		Encainide has neurological side effects including dizziness, tremor, agaitation, headache, and visual disturbances, as well as G.I. upset.
	lysine.pharm.utah.edu /netpharm/netpharm_98/questions/qarr33.htm (170 words)

	WebHealthCenter.com - References - Drug Information
		Quinine may increase muscle weakness in patients with myasthenia gravis.
		CINCHONISM; large single dose or higher doses taken for few days produce a syndrome called cinchonism.It consists of ringing in ears,nausea,vommiting,headache,mental confusion,vertigo,difficulty in hearing and visual diffects.
		Use of mefloquine with quinine may increase the chance of adverse effects.
	www.webhealthcentre.com /ref/drugix/Quinine_di0121.asp (293 words)

	cinchonism - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Cinchonism: This is a condition that results from an overdose of quinine.
		It may cause symptoms such as flushed and sweaty skin, tinnitus...
		Help with Spanish, French, German, and Italian homework.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /cinchonism.html (108 words)

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