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Topic: Cinnamon fern

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		Cinnamon fern spore germination in liquid medium is useful for bioassay of toxic copper, cadmium, and zinc concentrations [19].
		In the Adirondack upland flora cinnamon fern is intolerant to midtolerant of shade [32].
		Cinnamon fern occurs on hillside seepage bogs in longleaf pine savannah of east-central Texas that is burned every 3 to 5 years during the nongrowing season to maintain savannah vegetation [44].
	www.fs.fed.us /database/feis/plants/fern/osmcin/all.html (2922 words)

	Fern - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A fern, or pteridophyte, is any one of a group of some twenty thousand species of plants classified in the Division Pteridophyta, formerly known as Filicophyta.
		A fern is defined as a vascular plant that does not produce seeds, but reproduces by spores to initiate an alternation of generations.
		Osmunda regalis (royal fern) and Osmunda cinnamomea (cinnamon fern), the root fiber being used horticulturally; the fiddleheads of O.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fern (760 words)

	Fern - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		A fern is defined as a vascular plant that lacks seeds, and that reproduces by shedding spores to initiate an alternation of generations.
		Ferns have traditionally been grouped in the class Filices, but some modern classifications assign them their own division in the plant kingdom, which may be known as Pteridophyta.
		Ferns of the genus Azolla, which are very small, floating plants which do not look like ferns, and are called mosquito fern, are used as a biological fertilizer in the rice paddies of southeast Asia.
	open-encyclopedia.com /Fern (765 words)

	Floridata: Osmunda cinnamomea (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		Cinnamon fern is readily identified by the distinctive cinnamon colored non-leaflike fertile fronds, or if fertile fronds are absent, by the presence of a conspicuous tuft of orange hairs on the underside of each pinna at its base.
		Cinnamon fern is a common fern that grows naturally in moist habitats such as wet woods, the shores of lakes and rivers, and in bogs and swamps from South America through Central America, north through New Mexico, Texas and Florida, and on to Minnesota and southern New England.
		Cinnamon fern is a long lived perennial which thrives in partial shade in a moist, humus rich acidic soil.
	www.floridata.com /ref/O/osmu_cin.cfm (610 words)

	Shooting Star Nursery, Kentucky - Fern Descriptions
		Ferns are an essential element in the shade or woodland garden, offering ariety in form and texture from spring through fall.
		This graceful fern is large with an open lacy upright appearance.
		A medium-size evergreen fern with lustrous, dep green fronds in cascading clusters.
	www.shootingstarnursery.com /ferndesc.html (211 words)

	Fern -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		A fern, or pteridophyte, is any one of a group of some twenty thousand species of (A living organism lacking the power of locomotion) plants classified in the Division Pteridophyta, formerly known as Filicophyta.
		Ferns first appear in the fossil record in the early (From 345 million to 280 million years ago) Carboniferous epoch.
		The "great fern radiation" occurred in the late (From 135 million to 63 million years ago; end of the age of reptiles; appearance of modern insects and flowering plants) Cretaceous, when many modern families of ferns first appeared.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/f/fe/fern.htm (1519 words)

	Cinnamon Fern
		Cinnamon ferns generally grow in clumps two to three feet tall, but have been known to reach heights of five feet if given constant moisture.
		Cinnamon ferns, like most ferns, prefer areas that are shady, but will also grow in full sun if sufficient moisture is provided.
		Cinnamon ferns should be planted in loamy woodland soil under the shade of a tree to mimic the natural environment of this plant.
	www.aboutferns.com /cinnamon_fern.shtml (251 words)

	[No title]
		The family or genus of a fern is often determined by the shape of its indusium; e.g., the indusium of the woodsias is star-shaped; of the Dicksonias, cup-shaped; of the aspleniums, linear; of the wood ferns, kidney-shaped, etc.
		The fronds of the marsh fern are apt to be sterile in deep shade.
		The fragile bladder fern, as it is often called, and which the name _fragilis_ suggests, is the earliest to appear in the spring, and the first to disappear, as by the end of July it has discharged its spores and withered away.
	www2.cddc.vt.edu /gutenberg/1/1/3/6/11365/11365.txt (18119 words)

	Ferns of Sewanee (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		Ferns, the lacy-leafed inhabitants of the forest floor, are some of the most interesting and beautiful plants of the Sewanee area.
		Ferns are perennial, producing new fronds (leaves) each year from a long-lived underground stem (rhizome).
		Bracken fern is one of the earliest to appear in the spring, and it continues to produce new fronds all summer until the first frost.
	www.sewanee.edu /biology/herbarium/ferns.html (1172 words)

	RecipeSource: Fern Tips Vinaigrette
		The author wrote: "Fiddleheads, the coiled tips of young fern fronds, are a springtime delicacy especially prized by New Englanders and wild foods enthusiasts.
		Their season lasts only two weeks or so in May. Three kinds of the curled crosiers are gathered: those of the ostrich fern, the cinnamon fern, and the common bracken fern.
		So abundant are the ostrich ferns in the lush natural ferneries of the Winooski valley near Waterbury, Vermont, that quantities of the fiddleheads are harvested, packed in snow, and transported to Maine where they are canned for sale in specialty food stores.
	www.recipesource.com /fgv/salads/fern-tips-vinaigrette1.html (400 words)

	Comparison of Cinnamon and Interrupted Ferns (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		Cinnamon ferns grows in wet and swampy areas, whereas the interrupted fern prefers dry areas
		Cinnamon fern leaflets are pointed, wherease those of the interrupted fern are rounded
		Pinnules of the interrupted ferns are overlapping, wherease there are spaces between the pinnules of the cinnamon fern
	www.bio.brandeis.edu /fieldbio/nasimg/Cinn&Intercompar.html (57 words)

	Osmunda cinnamomea, Cinnamon Fern, Osmonde Cannelle
		Common name from the wooly, cinnamon colored spores borne on the fertile frond.
		A tall, deciduous, perennial fern of moist woods, 2'-5' tall.
		Distinguished from Ostrich Fern () by small tufts of rusty woolly hairs at the base of each pinna where the pinna meets the frond.
	www.rook.org /earl/bwca/nature/ferns/osmundacinn.html (509 words)

	Floridata: Osmunda regalis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		Royal fern is a large and dramatic fern that grows from a stout rhizome which creeps along the ground, then ascends like a stump to give rise to a crownlike tussock of light green leaves.
		Royal fern can be distinguished from the related cinnamon fern (Osmunda cinnamomea) by its bipinnate leaves, the fertile ones with clusters of sporangia towards the tips.
		Like the cinnamon fern, royal fern is listed by The Florida Department of Agriculture as a "Commercially Exploited Species," which means that it cannot be removed from the wild for commercial purposes without a permit.
	www.floridata.com /ref/O/osmu_reg.cfm (525 words)

	Hiker's Notebook: Cinnamon_Fern (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		An annual twice-divided (the individual blades, or pinna are subdivided into pinnules) fern that is found in shaded wet areas and along streams in wooded environments.
		In the spring, the cinnamon fern emerges in a coil, a growth characteristic named circinate vernation.
		The roots and rhizomes of the Cinnamon fern are used to make osmundine, a growing medium for orchids and other epiphytes (plants, like orchids that grow on other plants but are non-parasitic).
	www.mwrop.org /W_Needham/Cinnamon_Fern040705.htm (159 words)

	Hardy Ferns, Perennials Guide to Planting Flowers
		The Lady Fern grows from 2 feet to 3 feet tall and has finely cut foliage, while the Male Fern is an evergreen sort growing about is inches high.
		Ferns should be reset in the Spring or during the Summer through August.
		The Ferns are propagated by dividing the root stalks, which are the underground stems from which the upright stems grow.
	www.backyardgardener.com /pren/pg53.html (987 words)

	Line OnLINE Ferns (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		The New York Fern, Marginal Woodfern, Spinulose Woodfern and the Lady Fern inhabit forests where the soil is silty and holds a moderate amount of moisture.
		The spores of New York Fern are borne on the undersides of the leaves and smell like pepper.
		The sperms and eggs produced by this fern unite to form a sporophyte, which is the large leafy form of plant that is most familiar to us.
	www.chipr.sunysb.edu /eserc/longis/ferns.html (967 words)

	Osmunda cinnamomea
		Cinnamon fern is a Missouri native fern which occurs in moist, boggy ground along streams and on shaded ledges and bluffs, primarily in the eastern Ozark region of the State.
		The familiar "fiddleheads" also emerge from the base of the plant and unfurl into large, erect, pinnately-compound, yellowish-green, sterile fronds (2-4' long) which remain attractive throughout the summer and turn yellow in autumn.
		The common name of this plant is in reference to the cinnamon colored fibers found near the frond bases.
	www.mobot.org /gardeninghelp/plantfinder/Plant.asp?code=I570 (177 words)

	Ferns of Pittsylvania County
		A large fern standing about shoulder high, the cinnamon fern is seen growing in wet swampy woods and along stream edges.
		This common fern is a bright green, lacy-cut early-appearing fern of the woodlands.
		A delicate cut-leaf fern with spore shoot 20 centimeters tall, the grape fern's leaf and spore shoot stems are joined near the ground.
	www.victorianvilla.com /sims-mitchell/local/nature/ferns (917 words)

	Hardy Palm Trees and Ferns around DC: Ferns (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		The majority of these evergreen and perennial fern species are ones that I have personally found and some are ones that other aficionados have found or collected.
		Most are not as big as the perennial ferns of the area, don't need as much water, and prefer acidic soil and/or limestone.
		This is small blue-green fern that lives on old stone walls in the sun.
	members.aol.com /palmferndc/ferns (418 words)

	Cinnamon Fern
		Growing in clusters, this tall fern usually is found in swamps, wet woods and bogs, or on springy slopes and stream banks.
		Separate fertile fronds appear in the spring and turn a cinnamon color before collapsing in early summer.
		This 11x14 inch print is double matted, edged in a gold undermat, with white matting and your choice of white or cream paper.
	www.heliographics.com /heliographics/cinnamonfern.html (127 words)

	cinnamon fern (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		A Cinnamon Fern has two types of fronds: the big green ones, and smaller ones which start out bright green and then turn a cinnamon color.
		Fern spores are how the fern can make new ferns.
		Cinnamon Fern fiddleheads are edible when boiled, though not many people eat them.
	www.fcps.k12.va.us /StratfordLandingES/Ecology/mpages/cinnamon_fern.htm (233 words)

	Osmunda cinnamomea - Cinnamon Fern
		Cinnamon Fern, like its cousins Royal Fern and Interrupted Fern, is a bold and majestic fern that grows in damp acidic places throughout eastern North America and even down to Mexico and the West Indies.
		But it gets its name, Cinnamon Fern, from the very different fertile fronds which contain the spores or reproductive parts.
		Grow this handsome fern in moist to wet acidic soil in partial sun to shade where its beautiful vase shape can reach its potential.
	www.sunlightgardens.com /pages/1153.html (154 words)

	Search Results for ferns - Encyclopædia Britannica
		The genus has about 150 species with worldwide distribution, and it is placed in the family Aspidiaceae in some classification...
		fern that is a member either of the species Camptosorus rhizophyllus, of eastern North America, or of C. sibiricus, of eastern Asia, the only two species of the genus, in the family Aspleniaceae.
		Ferns, like all tracheophytes, have vascular systems to bring water up to its leaves.
	www.britannica.com /search?query=ferns&ct= (429 words)

	Cinnamon Fern
		Cinnamon ferns appear similar to ostrich ferns but with some distinct differences.
		The crosiers (young, emerging fiddlehead) are white and woolly, and it has a much larger, fertile "cinnamon stick".
		Landscape uses: Use cinnamon ferns as a backdrop in larger gardens.
	www.greenwoodnursery.com /page.cfm/335 (194 words)

	KatStation's Garden: Ferns: Ferns
		The American Maidenhair Fern, Adiantum pedatum, is a deciduous, clump-forming fern which typically grows 1.5 to 2' tall and is most frequently found on rich wooded slopes, ravine bottoms and damp shady woods.
		The Royal Fern, Osmunda regalis, is a tall, deciduous fern which usually occurs on moist bluffs and ledges and along streams (sometimes growing in the water).
		The Sensitive Fern, Onoclea sensibilis, is a large, somewhat coarse deciduous fern which occurs in wet woods and thickets and in moist soils along streams and springs.
	www.katstation.com /plantnursery/Ferns.html (1151 words)

	Cinnamon Fern
		But the Cinnamon Fern is one that most of us can distinguish.
		The key identifying factor is that the "cinnamon" stalk is completely separate from all the other leaves of the plant.
		The Cinnamon Fern grows throughout our area, but chances are you will most easily find it in very moist locations.
	www.weaversites.com /AshevilleNatural/ferncinnamon.html (315 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		This fern should be planted in a loamy woodland soil with some shade to mimic their natural environment.
		This fern can be used in many applications, including container plantings, rock gardens, borders or even as a ground cover.
		The Cinnamon Fern can tolerate flooding and will grow in submerged soils.5Ebony Spleenwort Fern, Asplenium platyneuron, Ferns, The Ebony Spleenwort Fen, `Asplenium platyneuron,' is an evergreen variety of fern and typically grows to fifteen inches tall.
	www.naturehills.com /datafeed/nature_hills_nursery_datafeed_ferns.xls (850 words)

	Search for products to control Cinnamon Fern based upon pesticides registered in various states to control Cinnamon Fern (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		Cinnamon Fern is a 'pest' (an unwanted organism) that can be controlled through the use of pesticides.
		Pesticides, such as products to control Cinnamon Fern, are regulated by State Departments of Agriculture.
		To find all products ever registered at EPA to control Cinnamon Fern: www.kellysolutions.com/epadata (login as username: 'Guest' and password: 'Guest' - your results will be limited to 5 items).
	www.kellysolutions.com /searchpests/Cinnamon_Fern.htm (421 words)

	Cinnamon Fern, Osmunda cinnamomea (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		This fern has not been found in Fern Forest but is common in cypress swamps in other areas of Broward and Palm Beach counties.
		The twice-divided, light green, glossy, sterile frond of Cinnamon Fern appear similar to Thelypteris interrupta and other such ferns with lobed pinnae, but close examination shows no trace of sori on the underside of the frond.
		Instead, as is characteristic with Osmunda ferns, spores are formed on a modified frond.
	fig.cox.miami.edu /~scofield/sofl_plants/fern_osmunda_cinnamomea.html (188 words)

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