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Topic: Citizens Electoral Councils

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	The Co-Inteligence Institute
		Citizen Deliberative Councils (CDCs) are temporary, face-to-face councils of a dozen or more citizens whose diversity reflects the diversity of their community, state or country.
		A group of (say) 50 citizens might then be drawn from a jury pool and given 24 hours to hear arguments from both advocates and opponents of the legislation and to decide by majority (or supermajority) vote whether to lift or sustain the suspension.
		Interestingly, when citizens are allowed to deliberate in an informed way about budgetary matters, they tend to choose higher taxes to cover services they believe necessary for a healthy community or country, rather than cutting taxes to have more money for themselves.
	www.co-intelligence.org /CDCUsesAndPotency.html (2638 words)

	Elections 2005 in Moldova - Electoral system - Laws - Electoral Code (Extract)
		Citizens of the Republic of Moldova, eligible to vote, who have reached the age of 18 years by and on election day, live permanently in the country and meet the requirements provided herein may be candidates for deputy mandates.
		Electoral councils and bureaus and local public administration authorities shall ensure that opportunity to organize such meetings is provided on equal terms and conditions to all contestants.
		One copy of the protocol shall be retained in the records of the precinct electoral bureau, one shall be submitted to the district electoral council, and the rest for binding distribution to representatives of electoral contestants.
	elections2005.prodemo.md /electystem/laws/1381-XIII-21.11.1997/en.php (10531 words)

	Focus on Elections and Disability — ACE Electoral Knowledge Network
		Further, this "bill of electoral rights" has determined that a test of competency cannot be used to deprive any single individual or group of individuals of the right to vote, unless that same test of competency is applied to each and every citizens.
		If all citizens are to have equal access to the election process, then the election process must include procedures to enable blind citizens to cast a secret ballot.
		As more and more disabled citizens seek to take their place in society, and as society's age, public agencies need to put into place strategies that are inclusive and that promote full and equal participation.
	aceproject.org /ace-en/focus/disability (2277 words)

	Pre-Election Statement on Nicaragua Elections, Oct. 25, 2000
		Absent such a structure, and in order to reassure citizens that the election authorities serve the public as a whole rather than particular interests, it is essential that the deliberation and actions of the electoral authorities be highly transparent and subject to verification through monitoring by election observers.
		Of the 2,786,530 electors, roughly 405,000 must vote with a substitute document, a number which is regrettably high given the time and resources spent on getting voters their permanent identification in past years, but which should not jeopardize the vote if citizens receive the documents in time.
		While we respect the right of all citizens to contribute to the party of their choice, and understand that participation in this program is voluntary, it blurs the lines between state and party in disturbing ways reminiscent of Nicaragua's revolutionary years, and we strongly urge the PLC to end this practice.
	www.cartercenter.org /doc256.htm (2270 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: French Revolution
		The electoral regulation of 24 January, 1789, assured the parochial clergy a large majority in the meetings of the bailliages which were to elect clerical representatives to the States General.
		Thus all citizens, even Protestants, Jews, and nominal Catholics, might name titulars to ecclesiastical offices, and the first obligation of priests and bishops was to take an oath of fidelity to the Constitution which denied to the Holy See any effective power over the Church.
		At Avignon the Revolutionary Lécuyer, having been slain in a church, some citizens reputed to be partisans of the pope were thrown into the ancient papal castle and strangled (16-17 Oct., 1791).
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/13009a.htm (7795 words)

	Warning: Larouche fascists target labour movement
		Known as the 'Citizens Electoral Councils' (CEC), they are the Australian arm of the Lyndon Larouche organisation, described by the ABC's 'Four Corners' as the 'new American fascism'.
		CEC boss Craig Isherwood admitted publicly that 'you cannot disagree with Mr Larouche and be part of this organisation', a state of affairs that he says is 'fine'.
		A CEC member named Trevor Perrett was elected to the Queensland parliament by playing on local sympathy for the notorious former state premier Jo Bjelke-Petersen.
	home.mira.net /~sp/magazine/feb98/blarouch.htm (1000 words)

	GPCA )) Platform (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		As in the case of the initiative and referendum, the recall process gives citizens a chance to practice grassroots democracy by removing elected officials who are disapproved of by a majority of voters.
		Establish a citizen review board to oversee the process by which the government classifies information, including the Pentagon's "fl budget." Prohibit the use of phrases such as "national security" as a sufficient reason to make any governmental action, budget or plan secret.
		They achieve this control by influencing and dominating the electoral, legislative, and regulatory processes of government, using their wealth to lobby elected and appointed officials and to manage the information media, thus subverting the democratic rights of the people.
	cagreens.org /platform/democrac.htm (3830 words)

	[No title]
		Many citizens of Belgrade continued their gatherings in different parts of the city tonight, expressing their discontent with the way the Radio-television of Serbia has been informing the public, by making noise and taking their protest walks.
		The last, 80th protest gathering of the citizens, organized by the "Zajedno" coalition against the disrespect of the citizens' electoral will, was held in Pirot tonight.
		The citizens were invited to assemble on Thursday, February 20th, after the session of the City Assembly, when the new local government organs are to be constituted.
	www.yurope.com /mirrors/protest96/pmf/dnews/news/news1602.htm (1694 words)

	Election Observers
		Due to the hierarchical structure of the electoral bodies, it is the TSE's obligation to respond to the actions of the various councils.
		Electoral propaganda frequently violated electoral law and was not respectful of people’s honor.
		Beyond the electoral violence, it is worth noting that the presence of anti-gang laws and the daily violence generated a climate of fear and threats that the candidates exploited.
	www.cis-elsalvador.org /election_observers_finalreport2004.htm (5763 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		The creation of electoral legislation, which is a deciding factor in the existence of the entire electoral system, is coming to an end.
		The general section regulates matters dealing with citizens' electoral rights, the procedure for setting up polling stations and constitutencies, conducting election campaigns, [word indistinct] contenders and [word indistinct] persons and voting procedure.
		The deputies, including the chairman of the Central Electoral Commission, [Sulayman] Imanbayev, and the head of the legal department at the president's administration, [Marat] Kayypov, were debating this code for over two months.
	www.eurasianet.org /eurasianet/departments/election/kyrgyzstan/kyrgy503.html (494 words)

	Weighted Delegate Councils Complete (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		To fill a 50-seat council, voters choose from 75 candidates nominated by the 75 largest groups in the community, the smallest of which might represent less than 1% of registered voters.
		Even if the Electoral College was eliminated and there was not one problem with any voting machines or procedures throughout the entire country, one person could still win the presidency with less than half of the electorate.
		An advertising campaign is used to educate the public of the need for the council, its benefits, its formation, its operation, and to encourage voters to register as supporters of one of these groups.
	users.aristotle.net /~wdcouncils/wdc2.html (6713 words)

	Election Resources on the Internet: Elections to the Dutch Tweede Kamer (House of Representatives)
		House of Representatives seats are distributed on a nationwide basis among party lists that obtain a national electoral quota, calculated by dividing the total number of valid votes by 150, the number of House seats; this quota is equivalent to two-thirds of one percent of the vote, or approximately 0.67%.
		Any seats that remain unallocated after the application of the electoral quota are distributed according to the largest average method (introduced in 1933, effective as of 1937), while seats won by combinations of lists (allowed since 1973) are distributed among constituent parties by the largest remainder method.
		In 1971, KVP, ARP and CHU agreed to run on a common platform, but all three parties lost further ground in the election; their decline became even more pronounced in a subsequent early vote held in 1972, when the three parties won between themselves less than one-third of the House seats.
	recursoselectorales.org /nl (1894 words)

	BigSoccer Boards - El Sistema Electoral en Mexico
		The Federal Electoral Institute is the public organism responsible for the state function of organizing federal elections, that is, elections for the President of the United Mexican States and for Deputies and Senators who form the Congress of the Union.
		The Federal Electoral Institute is endowed with legal status and patrimony of its own, it is independent for its decisions and functioning, it has a professional performance, and is constituted by the Legislative Branch, the national political parties and citizens.
		These councils are responsible for ensuring the compliance with corresponding legal dispositions, as well as agreements and resolutions made by superior electoral bodies and by themselves, according to the law.
	www.bigsoccer.com /forum/printthread.php?t=148247 (3774 words)

	Kolbe (AZ08) - Statement or Testimony - Kolbe Statement on Yesterday's Elections in El Salvador (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		In particular, IRI and the members of its electoral observation mission congratulate Salvadorans for a strong voter turn out that far exceeds the number of voters in the previous national elections.
		IRI was invited by the Supreme Electoral Tribunal (TSE) to observe an electoral environment that was characterized by transparency and trust.
		Observer teams visited more than 200 polling stations, or JRVs, departmental and municipal electoral councils and computation centers and met with local authorities and voters to gather information concerning the electoral environment and the administration of the elections.
	www.house.gov /apps/list/hearing/az08_kolbe/042203_el_salvador.html (982 words)

	Wise Democracy Victoria » Why Wisdom Councils?
		True Democracy means elector participation and there is a method of doing just that but no one seems interested in making the representative first and foremost accountable to the electorate.
		Wisdom Councils do what Jim Rough calls “choice-creating” — the dynamic co-creation of choices that may not have existed or been known about before the Wisdom Council was held — a dynamism that often freely redefines problems in radically new ways that generate breakthrough perspectives and possibilities.
		In contrast, citizen deliberative councils do what deliberative democracy practitioners call “choice work”, which is the explicit examination of the often complex trade-offs (costs/benefits, values choices, good-in-this-way-but-not-in-that-way, etc.) involved in deciding which solution to a pre-defined problem is “best”, and doing this through the interactive challenge of their diverse values and views.
	wisedemocracyvictoria.com /human-nature-and-democracy (1051 words)

	AllRefer.com - Sri Lanka - Electoral System \| Sri Lankan Information Resource
		The Constitution grants the right to vote to all citizens aged eighteen years and over who are of sound mind and have not been convicted of major crimes.
		Citizens could mark their ballots for a maximum of three presidential candidates in order of preference.
		The 1978 Constitution replaced the single-member constituencies with a system of proportional representation in which the number of candidates returned from a single electoral district is determined on the basis of population.
	reference.allrefer.com /country-guide-study/sri-lanka/sri-lanka132.html (817 words)

	Bogey Musidlak outlines strategies to involve voters more actively in the election process - On Line Opinion - 15/3/2002
		This is best done by giving voters a single transferable vote in multi-member electorates (their marking of preferences indicates the order in which candidates can have access to that vote) and using a quota-preferential count in which candidates are not required to obtain more votes than necessary to be certain of election.
		When those influential within Grey Power and the Citizens’ Electoral Councils Group succeeded in flballing Liberal Chris Puplick in NSW in 1990, most of their groups’ supporters would have been greatly surprised if they ever discovered that their votes made the difference between two or three Labor Senators being elected.
		At the Western Australian Legislative Council elections of 2001, One Nation supporters marking the party box in two non-metropolitan regions unwittingly handed the balance of power to the Greens, who were placed before the Liberals on those registered how-to-vote tickets.
	www.onlineopinion.com.au /view.asp?article=1919 (1911 words)

	Electoral System (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Any elector of a Constituency may propose or second for election to that constituency, the name of any person qualified to be a member under the Constitution and the Representation of the People order, 1972.
		The electoral rolls prepared and published on 7th October,1995 were updated in accordance with the provisions of the relevant law for use in the Parliament election held on 12th June, 19096 and the by-elections held subsequently.
		If a person representing himself to be an elector applies for a ballot paper when another person has already represented himself to be that elector and has voted under the name of the person so applying, he shall be entitled to receive a ballot paper which is called a tendered ballot paper.
	www.bangladeshgov.org /ecs (8512 words)

	Thomas Jefferson: First Inaugural Address. U.S. Inaugural Addresses. 1989 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Chief Justice John Marshall administered the first executive oath of office ever taken in the new federal city in the new Senate Chamber (now the Old Supreme Court Chamber) of the partially built Capitol building.
		Relying, then, on the patronage of your good will, I advance with obedience to the work, ready to retire from it whenever you become sensible how much better choice it is in your power to make.
		And may that Infinite Power which rules the destinies of the universe lead our councils to what is best, and give them a favorable issue for your peace and prosperity.
	www.bartleby.com /124/pres16.html (870 words)

	Political views of Lyndon LaRouche - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		He believes that the material and cultural progress of humanity is the proper concern of government, and that the state does not serve a merely negative function, i.e., to ward off hostile foreign powers or restrain criminals.
		They say the Marxist concept of the ruling class was converted by LaRouche into a conspiracy theory, in which world capitalism was controlled by a cabal including the Rothschilds, the Rockefellers, Henry Kissinger, the Council on Foreign Relations and other standard villains of the extreme right, many though not all of them Jewish.
		In the 1960s and 1970s, LaRouche was particularly focused on the supposed danger posed by liberal Republicans such as Nelson Rockefeller believing that they were attempting to rescue a debt-strapped international financial system by imposing austerity and forced-labor programs on impoverished populations in order to facillitate debt collection.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Political_views_of_Lyndon_LaRouche (6645 words)

	ipedia.com: Commonwealth of Nations Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Zimbabwe was suspended in 2002 over concerns with the electoral and land reform policies of Robert Mugabe's Zanu-PF government, and left the Commonwealth in 2003.
		Britain has forged closer relationships with other European countries through the European Union; Britain's entry was widely felt as a betrayal by citizens of the "Old Commonwealth" whose economies had been developed on the assumption of access to British markets.
		Citizens of Commonwealth countries have some distinctive (though usually not unique) rights in each other's countries: for example, Commonwealth citizens are entitled to register to vote in United Kingdom elections if they are resident in the UK.
	www.ipedia.com /commonwealth_of_nations.html (1979 words)

	Arab Reform Bulletin - Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
		The two countries pushed for the passage of UN Security Council Resolution 1559, approved on September 2, which calls for "a free and fair electoral process in Lebanon's upcoming presidential election conducted according to Lebanese constitutional rules devised without foreign interference of influence." Algeria, the Arab country currently on the Security Council, abstained.
		According to the electoral regulations recently issued by the Ministry of Municipal and Rural Affairs, officials from that ministry, along with the Interior Ministry, will screen candidates.
		According to the regulations, every citizen older than twenty-one, not serving in the military, and residing in the electoral district for a year prior to the elections has the right to vote.
	www.carnegieendowment.org /publications/index.cfm?fa=view&id=15783 (7581 words)

	The 52nd State: February 2005
		Labor is seeking to implement a one vote one value system in an electoral reform, thereby giving country and city votes the same value.
		I agree with the Law Council when it says "sentencing and parole [are the] jobs for experts, not victims of crime who placed undue emphasis on retribution and deterrence." Barnett says he is doing this because "it's the right thing".
		The Coalition are also under fire from Fremantle hospital, saying that their policy "cut tertiary hospital services in the southern suburbs" and even went so far as to say it could endanger lives.
	52nd.blogspot.com /2005_02_01_52nd_archive.html (7895 words)

	Franklin Pierce
		He contended that that institution was aristocratic in its tendencies, that a professional soldiery and standing armies are always dangerous to the liberties of the people, and that in war the republic must rely upon her citizen militia.
		In the councils of his party in New Hampshire he exercised a very great influence.
		That treaty and one negotiated by Commander Perry with Japan, which opened the ports of that hitherto unknown country to commerce, were ratified at the same session of the senate.
	www.franklinpierce.org (6356 words)

	Costa Rica
		The Government generally respected the human rights of its citizens, and the law and judiciary provide effective means of dealing with individual instances of abuse; however, there were problems in a few areas.
		The Constitution provides citizens with the right to change their government peacefully, and citizens exercise this right in practice through free and fair elections held on the basis of universal suffrage and by secret ballot every 4 years.
		The Supreme Electoral Tribunal is attempting to increase women's representation in the government, requiring that a minimum of 40 percent of candidates for elective office be female and that women's names be placed accordingly on the ballots by party slate.
	www.state.gov /g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2001/wha/8329.htm (7826 words)

	Corporations finance major parties
		The annual statement of political donations released by the Electoral Commission yesterday [1 February 1999], shows the top three banks, the mining sector, the hotel industry and unions all poured millions of dollars into the coffers of the Australian Labor Party and the Liberal Party.
		The little-known Citizens' Electoral Councils (CEC), preaching a variety of theories, raised $1,023,000 through private donations, outgunning the Australian Democrats and the populist Pauline Hanson's One Nation Party in funding.
		The CEC party, which claims that big banks are responsible for the imminent collapse of the world economy, attracted no corporate donors, according to the Electoral Commission's report.
	www.multiline.com.au /~johnm/poldonat.htm (792 words)

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