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Citrate synthase - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia In biochemistry the enzyme Citrate synthase (E.C. 2.3.3.1 [previously 4.1.3.7]) is a pace-maker enzyme in the Krebs cycle (aka the citric acid cycle). Citrate synthase is commonly used as a quantitative enzyme marker for the content of intact mitochondria. Citrate synthase catalyzes the reaction of acetyl coenzyme A (2 carbon atoms) with oxaloacetate (4 carbon atoms) to form citrate (6 carbons). en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Citrate_synthase   (168 words)

Citrate - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Citrates are compounds containing this group, either ionic compounds, the salts, or analogous covalent compounds, esters. An example of a salt is sodium citrate and an ester is trimethyl citrate. Salts of the hydrogen citrate ions are weakly acidic, while salts of the citrate ion itself (with an inert cation such as sodium ion) are weakly basic. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Citrate   (349 words)

ARS | Publication request: Citrate Synthase Mutants of Sinorhizobium Fredii Usda257 Form Ineffective Nodules with ... Citrate synthase is the first enzyme that controls the entry of carbon into the TCA cycle. We have cloned the citrate synthase gene of S. fredii USDA257 and have shown that a functional citrate synthase gene is absolutely essential for efficient biological nitrogen fixation. The deduced citrate synthase protein has a molecular weight of 48,198 Da and shows sequence similarity to citrate synthase from several bacterial species, including S. meliloti and Rhizobium tropici. ars.usda.gov /research/publications/Publications.htm?seq_no_115=146770   (530 words)

J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1994, 2029. It is an interesting quirk that citrate synthase mediates the formation of (2R,3R)-fluorocitrate, the only toxic stereoisomer of the four possible forms[6]. This is consistent with a much earlier deduction for citrate synthase, that the rate limiting event is the generation of an enolate intermediate[16]. [-] for citrate synthase, R=H for malate synthase), the prochiral hydrogen discrimination by the enzyme must be related to the relative energies of the syn or anti orientations of the C-F bond with respect to the oxygen atom of the forming neutral enol or enolate anion intermediate, assuming specific binding for the SCoA moiety. www.ch.ic.ac.uk /rzepa/RSC/CC/4_02941K.html   (1686 words)

Characterization of Citrate Synthase from Geobacter sulfurreducens and Evidence for a Family of Citrate Synthases ... Characterization of Citrate Synthase from Geobacter sulfurreducens and Evidence for a Family of Citrate Synthases Similar to Those of Eukaryotes throughout the Geobacteraceae -- Bond et al. Citrate synthase was eluted with 1 mM oxaloacetate and Citrate synthase sequences were recovered from each organism. aem.asm.org /cgi/content/full/71/7/3858   (4151 words)

Expression of a Pseudomonas aeruginosa Citrate Synthase Gene in Tobacco Is Not Associated with Either Enhanced Citrate ...   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31) Solutions were replaced at 3-h intervals, and the citrate exuded by roots over this time interval was assayed and the cumulative amounts of citrate exuded are shown for each time point. Solutions were replaced at 3-h intervals and citrate exuded by the root segments over this time interval was assayed and the cumulative amounts of citrate exuded are shown for each time point. Mitchell CG, Anderson SCK, El-Mansi EMT (1995) Purification and characterization of citrate synthase isoenzymes from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. www.plantphysiol.org /cgi/content/full/125/4/2059   (5869 words)

Identification of Two prpDBC Gene Clusters in Corynebacterium glutamicum and Their Involvement in Propionate ... by the 2-methylcitrate synthase PrpC (EC 4.1.3.31), and the is presumed to be identical to that for the citrate synthase Sequencing and expression of the gene encoding a cold-active citrate synthase from an Antarctic bacterium, strain DS2-3R. jb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/184/10/2728   (6594 words)

Citrate Synthase Mutants of Sinorhizobium meliloti Are Ineffective and Have Altered Cell Surface Polysaccharides -- ... Citrate Synthase Mutants of Sinorhizobium meliloti Are Ineffective and Have Altered Cell Surface Polysaccharides -- Mortimer et al. Citrate Synthase Mutants of Sinorhizobium meliloti Are Ineffective and Have Altered Cell Surface Polysaccharides Citrate synthase (CS) is the first enzyme of the TCA cycle and generally governs the entry of carbon into the pathway. jb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/181/24/7608   (4220 words)

ARS | Publication request: Molecular Cloning and Characterization of Chromosome-Encoded Citrate Synthase Gene from ... We have isolated a citrate synthase gene by screening a Sinorhizobium fredii USDA257 cosmid library with a heterologous probe from S. meliloti. Sequence analysis revealed an open-reading frame that is highly homologous to other citrate synthase genes from other bacteria. We have overexpressed citrate synthase in Escherichia coli and have raised antibodies against the purified recombinant citrate synthase. ars.usda.gov /research/publications/publications.htm?SEQ_NO_115=133952   (219 words)

Citrate Synthase Gene Sequence: a New Tool for Phylogenetic Analysis and Identification of Ehrlichia -- Inokuma et al. ... The citrate synthase gene (gltA) encodes the first enzyme of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, which is a key regulator of intracellular Citrate synthase gene comparison, a new tool for phylogenetic analysis, and its application for the rickettsiae. Nucleotide sequence of the Rickettsia prowazekii citrate synthase gene. jcm.asm.org /cgi/content/full/39/9/3031   (3682 words)

Effect of acute exercise on citrate synthase activity in untrained and trained human skeletal muscle -- Leek et al. 280 ... Effect of acute exercise on citrate synthase activity in untrained and trained human skeletal muscle -- Leek et al. Maximal citrate synthase activity (CS) is routinely used as a marker of aerobic capacity and mitochondrial density in skeletal in the form of citrate, where it is converted to fatty acids. ajpregu.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/280/2/R441   (4510 words)

Arabidopsis Peroxisomal Citrate Synthase Is Required for Fatty Acid Respiration and Seed Germination -- ...   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31) Arabidopsis Peroxisomal Citrate Synthase Is Required for Fatty Acid Respiration and Seed Germination -- Pracharoenwattana et al. Malate synthase and isocitrate lyase gene expression was Kato, A., Hayashi, M., Mori, H., and Nishimura, M. Molecular characterization of a glyoxysomal citrate synthase that is synthesized as a precursor of higher molecular mass in pumpkin. www.plantcell.org /cgi/content/full/17/7/2037   (5844 words)

Energy Citations Database (ECD) - Energy and Energy-Related Bibliographic Citations   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31) Energy Citations Database (ECD) Document #5516194 - Citrate synthase stabilizes the enethiolate of acetyldithio coenzyme A Availability information may be found in the Availability, Publisher, Research Organization, Resource Relation and/or Author (affiliation information) fields and/or via the "Full-text Availability" link. Citrate synthase stabilizes the enethiolate of acetyldithio coenzyme A www.osti.gov /energycitations/product.biblio.jsp?osti_id=5516194   (128 words)

Rhizobium tropici chromosomal citrate synthase gene -- Hernandez-Lucas et al. 61 (11): 3992 -- Applied and ... Rhizobium tropici chromosomal citrate synthase gene -- Hernandez-Lucas et al. Two genes encoding citrate synthase, a key enzyme in the Krebs cycle, have Mortimer, M. W., McDermott, T. R., York, G. M., Walker, G. C., Kahn, M. Citrate Synthase Mutants of Sinorhizobium meliloti Are Ineffective and Have Altered Cell Surface Polysaccharides. aem.asm.org /cgi/content/abstract/61/11/3992   (385 words)

Autoantibodies against subunits of pyruvate dehydrogenase and citrate synthase in a case of paediatric biliary ... Autoantibodies against subunits of pyruvate dehydrogenase and citrate synthase in a case of paediatric biliary cirrhosis -- Melegh et al. Autoantibodies against subunits of pyruvate dehydrogenase and citrate synthase in a case of paediatric biliary cirrhosis Keywords: primary biliary cirrhosis; pyruvate dehydrogenase; citrate synthase gut.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/abstract/42/5/753   (287 words)

RGD Gene Report: Cs (RGD: 620330) Krebs cycle enzyme; catalyzes the synthesis of citrate from oxaloacetate and acetyl coenzyme A citrate cycle, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolic pathway (details...) RGD is funded by grant HL64541 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute on behalf of the NIH. rgd.mcw.edu /tools/genes/genes_view.cgi?id=620330   (98 words)

Peroxisomal Citrate Synthase Provides Exit Route from Fatty Acid Metabolism in Oilseeds -- Eckardt 17 (7): 1863 -- THE ... of the glyoxylate cycle are considered to be citrate synthase Pracharoenwattana, I., Cornah, J.E., and Smith, S.M. Arabidopsis peroxisomal citrate synthase is required for fatty acid respiration and seed germination. Raymond, P., Spiteri, A., Dieuaide, M., Gerhardt, B., and Pradet, A. Peroxisomal ß-oxidation of fatty acids and citrate formation by a particulate fraction from early germinating sunflower seeds. www.plantcell.org /cgi/content/full/17/7/1863   (1512 words)

Molecular Anhydrobiology: Identifying Molecules Implicated in Invertebrate Anhydrobiosis -- Goyal et al. 45 (5): 702 -- ... (A) Aggregation and (B) activity of citrate synthase (0.25 mg/ml) after freezing in liquid nitrogen and thawing at room temperature (open bar), and in the presence of Group 1 LEA protein (0.5 mg/ml, fl bar), Group 3 LEA protein (0.5 mg/ml, grey bar) or BSA (0.5 mg/ml, hatched bar). Protection of citrate synthase from aggregation by processed LEA protein; method as described in Figure 2 Analysis of chaperone function using citrate synthase as non-native substrate protein. icb.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/45/5/702   (3630 words)

Hinge-Bending Motion in Citrate Synthase Arising from Normal Modes Calculations - Marques (ResearchIndex)   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31) Abstract: A normal modes analysis of the closed form of dimeric citrate synthase has been performed. Taken together, all these results suggest that low-frequency normal modes may happen to become useful for determining a first... Hinge-bending motion in citrate synthase arising from normal mode calculations. citeseer.ist.psu.edu /172088.html   (245 words)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entry P80148 [CISY_SULSO] Citrate synthase Connaris H. Danson M.J. Hough D.W. "Sulfolobus solfataricus citrate synthase."; : Citrate synthase is found in nearly all cells capable of oxidative metabolism. View cluster of proteins with at least 50% / 90% / 100% identity. www.expasy.org /uniprot/P80148   (229 words)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entry O75390 [CISY_HUMAN] Citrate synthase, mitochondrial Goldenthal M.J. Marin-Garcia J. Ananthakrishnan R. "Cloning and molecular analysis of the human citrate synthase gene."; Liu Q. Yu L. Han X.F. Fu Q. Zhang J.X. Tang H. Zhao S.Y. "Cloning and tissue expression pattern analysis of the human citrate synthase cDNA."; Aboulaich N. Vainonen J.P. Stralfors P. Vener A.V. "Vectorial proteomics reveal targeting, phosphorylation and specific fragmentation of polymerase I and transcript release factor (PTRF) at the surface of caveolae in human adipocytes."; www.expasy.org /uniprot/O75390   (318 words)

Citrate Synthase   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31) Acetyl-CoA enters the cycle either from Step 0 or from b-oxidation of fatty acids. The thioester bond between acetate and CoA is unstable, allowing oxaloacetate (4 carbons) to displace CoA in a nucleophilic attack on the carbonyl carbon of acetate (2 carbons) to produce citrate (6 carbons). CoA returns to step 0 to take another pyruvate, and oxaloacetate is regenerated in step 8. people.unt.edu /~hds0006/tca/1cts.htm   (63 words)

Citrate Synthase from Escherichia coli   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31) FIRST results for Citrate Synthase [CS] from Escherichia coli (Ec) Results of the Rigid Region Decomposition and Flexibility Index are shown for the hexameric citrate synthase structure. More detail on how to calculate the flexibility index. www.pa.msu.edu /people/rader/data/citrate.html   (207 words)

OCMS Publications 1997 - 1998 Calculations on the substrates of citrate synthase I. Oxaloacetate. Modeling the citrate synthase reaction: QM/MM and small model calculations. Analysis of the conversion of delta-(L-alpha-aminoadipoyl)-L-cysteinyl-D-alpha-aminobutyrate by active-site mutants of Aspergillus nidulans isopenicillin N synthase. www.ocms.ox.ac.uk /ocms/publications/pubs97.html   (5433 words)

Find in a Library: Construction of various fusion proteins of recombinant citrate synthase from thermoplasma volcanium Find in a Library: Construction of various fusion proteins of recombinant citrate synthase from thermoplasma volcanium Construction of various fusion proteins of recombinant citrate synthase from thermoplasma volcanium WorldCat is provided by OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc. on behalf of its member libraries. worldcatlibraries.org /wcpa/ow/3c365dad0b4ee6fda19afeb4da09e526.html   (76 words)

GeneCard for CS Miscellaneous: Citrate synthase is found in nearly all cells capable of oxidative metabolism Caution: Ref.4 sequence differs from that shown due to intron retention. citrate synthase,mitochondrial,catalyzing the first step of citric acid cycle www.genecards.org /cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?gene=CS   (517 words)

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