
	Where results make sense

Topic: Citrulline

Related Topics

Ornithine

Aliphatic hydrocarbon

Amino acid

Urea cycle

NO synthase

Glycine

List of compounds

Aliphatic

Naphthalene

Urea

Anthraquinone

Aromaticity

Carbon

HVDC

Pigment

In the News (Thu 12 Nov 09)

Northern Trust

Marvin Harrison

Peter Chernin

Gary Locke

Match Play

Penelope Cruz

Mickey Rourke

AR Rahman

Danny Boyle

Hugh Jackman

	Citrulline - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Citrulline is made from ornithine and carbamoyl phosphate in one of the central reactions in the urea cycle.
		Citrulline, while being an amino acid, is not built into proteins during protein synthesis, as it is not coded for by DNA, yet several proteins are known to contain citrulline.
		Although the origin of this immune response is not known, detection of antibodies reactive with citrulline containing proteins or peptides is now becoming an important help in the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Citrulline (217 words)

	Lactate inhibits citrulline and arginine synthesis from proline in pig enterocytes -- Dillon et al. 276 (5): 1079 -- ...
		Synthesis of ornithine, citrulline, and arginine from proline in pig enterocytes.
		citrulline, and arginine from glutamine in enterocytes of 14-day-old
		by lactate of the synthesis of ornithine, citrulline, arginine,
	ajpgi.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/276/5/G1079 (4180 words)

	Proteins & Amino Acids - Citrulline
		Citrulline is a nonessential amino acid, which means that it is manufactured from other amino acids in the liver; it does not have to be obtained directly through the diet.
		Citrulline is a precursor to arginine and is involved in the formation of urea in the liver.
		This results in the buildup of citrulline in the blood and a deficiency of arginine.
	www.springboard4health.com /notebook/proteins_citrulline.html (739 words)

	Citrulline (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		CITRULLINE is a non-essential amino acid involved in the urea cycle, where it is formed from ornithine of carbon dioxide and ammonia.
		Lysine is the precursor for citrulline, and citrulline is the precursor for arginine and ornithine.
		Citrulline was first isolated from watermelon, although it does not appear to be a constituent of common proteins.
	www.innvista.com /health/nutrition/amino/citrull.htm (199 words)

	Citrulline antibody definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms
		Citrulline antibody: An antibody (an immune protein) directed against a circular peptide (a ring of amino acids) containing an unusual ("non-standard") amino acid called citrulline that is not normally present in peptides or proteins.
		(Citrulline is formed by the body as an intermediary in the conversion of the amino acid orthithine to arginine).
		The test for the citrulline antibody is therefore useful in the diagnosis of patients with unexplained joint inflammation, especially when the traditional blood test for rheumatoid factor is negative.
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=24648 (536 words)

	Citrulline Malate by Elzi Volk
		Citrulline is then transported out of the mitochondria into the cytoplasm where it is then converted to yet another amino acid called arginine.
		Citrulline supplied by the diet is efficiently absorbed from the stomach and enters the blood via the major vein draining the digestive system that empties into the liver.
		Citrulline malate effects on the aerobic-anaerobic threshold and in post-exercise blood lactate recovery.
	www.goendurance.com /a93_Citrulline_Malate.html (1952 words)

	Arginine - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Arginine is synthesized from citrulline by the sequential action of the cytosolic enzymes ASS and ASL.
		On a whole-body basis, synthesis of arginine occurs principally via the intestinal–renal axis, wherein epithelial cells of the small intestine, which produce citrulline primarily from glutamine and glutamate, collaborate with the proximal tubule cells of the kidney, which extract citrulline from the circulation and convert it to arginine, which is returned to the circulation.
		Synthesis of arginine from citrulline also occurs at a low level in many other cells, and cellular capacity for arginine synthesis can be markedly increased under circumstances that also induce iNOS.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Arginine (555 words)

	Citrulline Antibody - Arthritis and arthritic conditions, medications, and treatment on MedicineNet.com
		Citrulline antibody is an immune protein (antibody) that binds to a non-standard amino acid (citrulline) that is formed by removing amino groups from the natural amino acid, arginine.
		Research suggests that in the joints of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, proteins may be changed to citrulline as part of the process that leads to inflammation of the rheumatoid joint.
		A test for citrulline antibodies is most helpful in looking for the cause of previously undiagnosed inflammatory arthritis when the traditional blood test for rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatoid factor, is not present.
	www.medicinenet.com /citrulline_antibody/article.htm (465 words)

	Citrulline : by Ray Sahelian, MD.
		Citrulline or L Citrulline by Ray Sahelian, M.D. Citrulline, like arginine, is an important amino acid since it can convert into nitric oxide.
		The renal enzymes of arginine synthesis, argininosuccinate synthetase and argininosuccinate lyase, occur in the cells of the proximal tubule.
		The gut reduces this possibility by converting dietary arginine to citrulline, which effectively bypass the liver and is resynthesized to arginine in the kidney.
	www.raysahelian.com /citrulline.html (625 words)

	FTH Nutraceuticals
		Citrulline, a non-essential amino acid synthesized in the intestinal tract from Glutamine, converts to Arginine in a biochemical process involving Aspartic Acid and two necessary enzymes, Ornithine Transcarbamoylase and Argininosuccinate Synthetase.
		Citrulline is also an essential component of the Urea Cycle, and functions along with Ornithine and Arginine to convert ammonia into Urea.
		Citrulline is a precursor to Arginine, which has been shown to increase Nitric Oxide.
	www.fth-inc.com /citrulline.htm (832 words)

	Scivation - Citrulline Malate and BCAAs
		Citrulline is a non-essential amino acid produced from glutamine in the body.
		Citrulline is involved in the so-called urea cycle, which is responsible for the removal of excess nitrogen from the breakdown of amino acids.
		Concerning dosage of citrulline malate in humans, based on the work in (2), 6 grams per day of citrulline malate taken in two divided doses during the day may be the optimal dose.
	www.scivation.com /?pageID=26 (2254 words)

	MoonDragon's Health & Wellness: Nutrition - Amino Acids: Citrulline
		Citrulline detoxifies the liver from ammonia, which is a waste product of the body from oxidation and damages living cells.
		Citrulline, an amino acid that removes nitrogen from the blood and helps convert it to urine, helps create arginine, another amino acid of which some people are deficient.
		Citrulline exists primarily in the liver, where it is heavily involved in the urea cycle to detoxify and excrete ammonia.
	www.moondragon.org /health/nutritionbasics/aminoacids/citrulline.html (583 words)

	Citrulline information page. All about citrulline and the role it plays in your diet.
		Citrulline is found in high concentration in the liver.
		Citrulline is not a component of any major proteins or enzymes, and therefore not much information is contained on this page.
		The amino acid citrulline is required to detoxify the liver from ammonia, which is a waste product of the body from oxidation.
	www.anyvitamins.com /citrulline-info.htm (274 words)

	eMedicine - Citrullinemia : Article by Karl S Roth, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Under normal circumstances, citrulline is condensed with aspartic acid to form argininosuccinic acid (ASA), which is a reaction mediated by the argininosuccinic acid synthase enzyme.
		Citrulline can be metabolized outside of the liver, and ASA synthase is normally expressed in the brain, kidney, and skin fibroblasts.
		As mentioned, by reaction of citrulline with aspartic acid, a second waste nitrogen molecule is incorporated into the urea cycle; however, this reaction is impaired and results in reduction of the overall capacity of the urea cycle to dispose of ammonia by 50%.
	www.emedicine.com /ped/topic406.htm (2317 words)

	L-Citrulline
		Citrulline, which is considered a non-essential amino acid synthesized in the intestinal tract from Glutamine, converts to Arginine in the endothelial cells.
		Since Citrulline is a precursor to Arginine, it allows for increased and sustained Nitric Oxide production in the endothelium for support of circulatory function.
		Oral Citrulline supplementation provides a readily available source of Citrulline for this purpose, and some recent research further indicates that Citrulline may be the preferred source of cellular Arginine.
	www.springboard4health.com /store/more_arg_citrulline.html (253 words)

	Bodybuilding.com - Citrulline Malate Information and Product Listing! Citrulline Malate FAQ!
		Citrulline Malate is a compound consisting of Citrulline, a nonessential amino acid that is primarily found in melons, and malate, an apple derivative.
		Citrulline is synthesized from the Ornithine and carbamoyl phosphate.
		While citrulline acts to increase NO and reduce performance inhibiting metabolic toxins, malate conditions the recycling of lactate and pyruvate, and takes part in the kreb cycle supplying instant and sustained energy.
	www.bodybuilding.com /store/cit.html (1886 words)

	Growth and Arginine Metabolism of the Wine Lactic Acid Bacteria Lactobacillus buchneri and Oenococcus oeni at Different ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		and excretion of citrulline concurred with the increase in biomass,
		and citrulline is an intermediate in the ADI pathway of heterofermentative
		of citrulline by OTC is thermodynamically unfavorable (23) or
	aem.asm.org /cgi/content/full/67/4/1657 (3154 words)

	Hangover Medicine, Protein Gain Muscle, Male Erectile Disfunction, Low Price Viagra (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Citrulline Malate is present in Noxolean for a few important roles including its ability to increase plasma levels of Arginine endogenously.
		Citrulline is an intermediate in the Urea Cycle.
		Citrulline Malate may translate into more stamina and endurance for your muscles, prolonging the fatigue process, thanks to the malate portion of this compound.
	www.zurichlabs.com /id_nox.htm (1328 words)

	Ergopharm - Performance Nutrition Technology
		Citrulline malate does this in part by stimulating the removal and utilization for energy of the lactic acid formed during anaerobic glycolysis.
		With citrulline malate, the rate of phosphocreatine recovery after exercise is increased by 20%!
		Citrulline malate stimulates the urea cycle and therefore markedly increases the body’s ability to remove ammonia.
	www.ergopharm.net /products_stamin02.php (471 words)

	Exploring Important Medicinal Uses for Watermelon Rinds / February 21, 2003 / News from the USDA Agricultural Research ...
		However, an Agricultural Research Service study has found the rinds contain citrulline, an amino acid that plays an important role in the human body's urea cycle, which removes nitrogen from the blood and helps convert it to urine.
		Also found within the watermelon's sweet and watery interior, citrulline is a "nonessential" amino acid, meaning it need not be ingested because the body produces it.
		Rimando says the discovery came early during a study, involving her and Perkins-Veazie's labs, that was aimed at determining the citrulline content of different watermelon varieties.
	www.ars.usda.gov /is/pr/2003/030221.htm (364 words)

	Sports supplements international
		Citrulline is taken up by the kidneys and other tissues and then converts back into Arginine hence increased Nitric Oxide levels.
		Citrulline has also shown to be more potent at reversing the negative actions of Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibitors, which are enzymes that prevent the synthesis of Nitric Oxide.
		L Citrulline Malate combined with Di Arginine Malate as found in IGNITE offers the substrates to produce more NOS and suppress the enzymes that prevent re-synthesis.
	www.advancedsportsupplements.com /ignite.htm (1355 words)

	Citrulline/malate promotes aerobic energy production in human exercising muscle -- Bendahan et al. 36 (4): 282 -- ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Influence of an anti-asthenia agent, citrulline malate, on serum lactate and ammonia kinetics during a maximum exercise test in sedentary subjects.
		Pharmacoclinical approach of citrulline malate activity: analysis of blood lactate during a standardised exercise.
		Activity of citrulline malate on acid-base-balance and blood ammonia and amino-acid levels: study in the animal and in man. Arzneimittelforschung 1991;41:660–3.
	bjsm.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/36/4/282 (4403 words)

	Ergopharm - StaminO2 (Citrulline Malate) by Ergopharm- Sport Supplement Outlet - The Future Of Sport Nutrition & ...
		Citrulline malate has been shown to increase aerobic ATP production in the muscle by 34%!i The result is a marked decrease in fatigue and a substantial increase in aerobic exercise performance.ii Citrulline malate does this in part by stimulating the removal and utilization for energy of the lactic acid formed during anaerobic glycolysis.
		With citrulline malate, the rate of phosphocreatine recovery after exercise is increased by 20%!iii This means that you recover more quickly between weight training sessions giving yourself a better opportunity to grow faster.
		Citrulline Malate stimulates the urea cycle and therefore markedly increases the body’s ability to remove ammonia.iv Ammonia is thus converted to the harmless by-product urea, and excreted from the body.
	www.sportsupplementoutlet.com /stcmabyer.html (941 words)

	Diagnostic Accuracy of the Anti-Citrulline Antibody Assay for Rheumatoid Arthritis -- Bizzaro et al. 47 (6): 1089 -- ...
		Citrulline is an essential constituent of antigenic determinants recognized by rheumatoid arthritis-specific autoantibodies.
		Prevalence and clinical significance of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide and antikeratin antibodies in palindromic rheumatism.
		Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies, IgM and IgA rheumatoid factors in the diagnosis and prognosis of rheumatoid arthritis
	www.clinchem.org /cgi/content/full/47/6/1089 (3424 words)

	Arginine, citrulline, and nitric oxide metabolism in end-stage renal disease patients -- Lau et al. 105 (9): 1217 -- ...
		Arginine, citrulline, and nitric oxide metabolism in end-stage renal disease patients -- Lau et al.
		Arginine, citrulline, and nitric oxide metabolism in end-stage renal disease patients
		citrulline was the limiting factor for renal arginine synthesis.
	www.jci.org /cgi/content/full/105/9/1217 (4205 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)