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| | Notes on the Corporation of Surgeons and Barbers of the City of Edinburgh (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07) |
 | | The surgeons next strengthened their position by getting a new gift under the Great Seal, dated 28th February 1694, ratifying the rights of the surgeons but entirely ignoring the barbers, and, instead of conjoining with themselves their former associates, conjoining the apothecaries, thereby creating that mongrel body of "surgeon-apothecaries," as the barbers afterwards termed it. |
 | | This new gift, which gave the new Incorporation full power over all persons exercising surgery, pharmacy, or barbery within the bounds of the city of Edinburgh, was duly confirmed by Parliament on 17th July 1695. |
 | | This relationship was not confined to Edinburgh or even Scotland, but was common to the whole of Europe. |
| www.electricscotland.com /history/articles/surgeons.htm (1794 words) |
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