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Topic: Civic religions

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	Civic religion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Civic religions have historically been employed almost exclusively by totalitarian dictatorships, however they are not easily defined as their existence in such contexts has been closely entwined with the prevailing state ideology.
		Civic religions differ from state religions insofar as the latter are established traditional religions officially endorsed by the government of a nation.
		Civic religions force allegiance from their subjects, demanding total acceptance of imposed ideals, which are formulated to be those of the official party or of the state.
	civic-religion.kiwiki.homeip.net (1122 words)

	Pillars
		One of the primary tenants of the order is to help maintain the harmonious relationships among the civic religion's temples and to punish those that work against the common good of the city and it's people.
		These knights are called to protect the sanctity of all the civic religions, not just their own.
		In cases where the trouble was actually caused by a member of an evil religion and/or cult the knight should have apprehended the guilty priest and brought them to trial.
	members.aol.com /RedmoonWHO/PotR.html (1210 words)

	Nigeriaworld -- A President that speaks with God
		Outside the Islamic world where religion traditionally intermingles with politics it is terribly difficult to find a precedent or a parallel to Obasanjo's type of political mysticism either in the west or in the democratic east and Africa.
		Religion was hardly the dominant issue when Nigeria won her independence from Britain in 1960.
		Religion must be seen as having the greatest propensity to cause upheaval.
	nigeriaworld.com /columnist/ihenacho/012602.html (4054 words)

	The Revealer: Tocqueville on the Campaign Trail
		Religion, he wrote, “imparted a taste for freedom” as well as “facilitated the use of it.” Religion inspired civic virtue and provided a divine template by which to judge temporal governments.
		Religion is a complicating factor, and the role of religion is ever more complicated in an increasingly pluralistic society and globalized world.
		Diane Winston is the Knight Chair in Media and Religion at the Annenberg School for Communication at the University of Southern California, and a past contributor to The Revealer.
	www.therevealer.org /archives/timely_001072.php (807 words)

	socrel
		Hence for Durkheim, religion is an inevitably social phenomenon, produced by social life and the social need for some glue to hold it all together.
		Religion does offer something ofan alternative to the status quo - a "sigh of the oppresed", and it does contain a wished for alternative to the miseries of the alienated masses(leading to much stress on the implicit "hope" in marxism, identified byChristian Marxists).
		Religions are adopted by large sectors of the population for all sorts of complex social and religious reasons too - not simply as a political divices or out of resentment.
	www.arasite.org /socrel.html (3473 words)

	from jesus to christ: a portrait of jesus' world: the empire's religions
		In the Hellenistic period, in the 3rd, 2nd centuries BCE, a number of very important religions that had been distinctive to Egypt and to Syria, for example, began to migrate in substantial ways, in very important ways, throughout the Roman Empire.
		Mysteries were a very important part in Egyptian religion and made it terribly attractive to people because one could be introduced into a special knowledge and a special way of viewing things and probably a special promise of afterlife....
		Religion in the Roman empire or what we tend to call paganism was really very much a public affair.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/religion/portrait/empire.html (2404 words)

	Religioscope > Archives > India: religious groups join hands to halt demolition of shrines in Mumbai
		Civic officials say the demolished structures were mainly Hindu temples, although a few Buddha Viharas and Muslim dargahs were also brought down.
		The civic body had originally set a target of demolishing at least 100 illegal shrines encroaching on public property by November 12, when it has to submit an action taken report on the matter to the court.
		Though a potentially explosive issue in the communally surcharged city, civic officials say they have so far persuaded owners and trustees of the structures to allow the demolition to go off peacefully.
	www.religioscope.info /article_234.shtml (518 words)

	Apostasy in pagan religions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		In general, the idea of exclusivity was alien to Greek and Roman religions, given their polytheistic nature.
		But often the gods of pagan religions were officially recognized by the civic authorities and identified with the well-being of the state.
		On either charge, the early Christians who refused to pay respects to the civic gods were condemned and often persecuted for insurrection against the state.
	www.neuereligion.de /ENG/Kliever/pagan.htm (148 words)

	The Alden Minor Sourcebook at www.AldenMinor.com
		Religion is a part of everyday life in Faerun, and the people of Alden Minor are no different.
		The official Civic Religions of Alden Minor are the faiths of Lathander, Milil, and Tempus, though the city plays host to an array of other beliefs.
		When it comes to religion, the average resident of Alden Minor prefers to hedge his (or her) bets.
	www.aldenminor.com /thecity.asp (1839 words)

	POCM > Getting Started > ancient religion for dummies
		The temples in the cities, where city priests sacrificed and prayed, were part of the civic religion.
		Civic worship did not deal much with ethics and morality, or even with afterlife.
		And because the Civic Gods didn't address ethics and afterlife, the ancients had to work out their ideas of meaning and divinity without a solid, revealed, starting place.
	www.entheology.org /POCM/getting_started_ancient_religion_for_dummies.html (1838 words)

	Pravda.RU:Alan Bock: The Empire Ruminates - And Where is the Christian Opposition?
		The United States has long had something of a civic religion - a generalized, nondenominational, nonsectarian acknowledgment of some kind of higher power who calls us to do good, be good and do our duty.
		Politicians have long called on this rather amorphous, vaguely Christian but generally inclusive civic religion to serve the functions that civic religions have served in almost every regime - to keep the people in line through exhortation to morality and duty rather than fear of punishment, and to buttress the power of the state.
		I wonder whether some in the religious right don't see their own interpretation of Christianity as a more proper civic religion than the amorphous, not even strictly Christian civic religion that has served American leaders so well over the centuries.
	newsfromrussia.com /main/2001/12/28/24607_.html (1868 words)

	Teaching About Religion In Public Schools: Worldview Education
		This website is designed to serve professional educators [teachers, administrators, college professors, and curriculum developers] especially in the areas of teaching about religion in history, social studies, and religious studies.
		religious liberty, teaching about religion and the nonreligious worldview, civic responsibilities), links to teaching materials such as free lesson plans, links to other sites, position statements, historical information and source material, and resources of additional interest to public school educators, especially in the areas of social science and history.
		The lessons focus on the necessity for religious neutrality in public schools and offer the teacher guidance on creating within the classroom a "level playing field" for learners inclusive of disparate worldviews and a "civic climate" that is respectful of the freedom of conscience of all the youngsters.
	www.teachingaboutreligion.org (390 words)

	POCM > Getting Started > ancient religion for dummies
		Many also practiced a form of personal religion, depending on a private decision and aiming at some form of salvation through closeness to the divine.
		And of course the Mysteries weren't exclusive—you could sacrifice to Isis at the town's civic festival and also participate in Her mysteries.
		That may make you think mystery religions were isolated, eccentric cults, something only a few people knew about.
	medmalexperts.com /POCM/getting_started_ancient_mystery_religions.html (1234 words)

	What is Civilization II?
		The idea-centered religions of Buddhism, Christianity, and Islam represented a departure from previous religious traditions focused on ritual and civic worship.
		In the end, the world religions resorted to military violence and coercion to maintain their worldly position.
		A new form of the religion, Mahayana Buddhism, was hatched in the Greek-cultured Kushan empire.
	www.worldhistorysite.com /description2.html (616 words)

	Multi faith civic ceremonies
		In multi faith areas it is increasingly common for civic religious events to reflect this religious diversity and for local inter faith bodies to be invited to advise on events and to provide participants.
		Sometimes they play an even more extensive role where there are regular civic events designed especially to highlight inter faith cooperation and community.
		Members of all faiths and cultures came together to remember victims of oppression and torture across the world at a short ceremony on the steps of Blackburn Town Hall on King William Street in the town centre.
	www.interfaith.org.uk /local/civicceremonies.htm (330 words)

	Religion Always Influences Politics -- America's Future -- Week of May 25, 1998
		Contrasting three ways in which governments respond to the fervor of faith, McDougall concludes that "religious hierarchies that enjoy 'established' status almost always suffer as a result of their identification with the state, while virulently secular states invariably provoke the very religious expression they hope to suppress.
		Countries with the most religious liberty and diversity, such as the United States, tend to develop ecumenical 'civic religions,'" he observes.
		Thus, we set realism and idealism, or secularism and religion, against one another as if they were mutually exclusive.
	www.americasfuture.net /1998/may98/98-0525c.html (514 words)

	Greek and Roman Religion
		In a world of polytheistic religions, the whole idea of religion is different than what we're used to in modern world.
		Key element: it is the religion of a city, then an empire, so Roman religion centers around public life (similar to Greece, at least at broadest level).
		In Greece, civic organization was a major means of religious organization; rise and organization of polis was major influence on evolution of religion; but power not as centralized, so political figures had less influence on religious forms.
	ccat.sas.upenn.edu /~carlas/GRRsep9.htm (2303 words)

	Faculty of Classics, University of Oxford - Faculty - Princeton (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The broad sweep of the culture and religions in the Eastern Mediterranean world is an extraordinarily verdant area of research.
		It involves the formation of Greek identity, the confidence and self-reflexivity of the Classical period, the expansion of the area of Greek culture in the Hellenistic and Roman periods, and the transmission and transformation of Greek culture through the Byzantine period up to the present day.
		Within the general sphere of culture, the religious histories of this region are currently of major interest: archaic and classical Greek religion; civic religions in the Greek East; interactions with Judaism; the development of eastern Christianity; the rise of Islam.
	www.classics.ox.ac.uk /faculty/oxprinceton.html (1113 words)

	Credibility Roundtable: Discussion Group Report
		Various leaders from religions, the civic sector and news media were invited to attend.
		BILL BEACHAM, chief of bureau, Associated Press: My experience has been in coverage of religion that we don't cover beliefs necessarily...What we cover basically is issues, separation of church and state, the Main Street story, this type of thing.
		The issues that that churches and religions or governments bring on themselves we cover...I've lived all over the United States, I've never seen a community as unique as this is. When you have an 800-pound gorilla, it needs to be covered.
	www.humanistsofutah.org /2001/CredibilityRoundtable_DiscGrp_09-01.html (977 words)

	Symbols of The United Religions Initiative - Interfaith Youth Corps - Environmentalists - Take Heed Ministries - Unity ...
		This agency, United Religions, is the latest emerging attempt to pull all religions together and this research pulls the picture together to some extent.
		The United Religions Initiative and UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) are partners in the International Year for the Culture of Peace and the Manifesto 2000.
		Women and men of several world religions will mobilize their communities to provide solidarity and support to members of the targeted community, while sending a message to the public that the religious communities are united in their determination to say no to hate.
	www.cephasministry.com /world_symbols_uri.html (6385 words)

	Oxford University Press: Latino Religions and Civic Activism in the United States: Gastón Espinosa
		Latino Religions and Civic Activism in the United States challenges and revises these stereotypes by demonstrating the critical influence of Latino Catholics, Evangelicals, Pentecostals, Mainline Protestants, and others on political, civic, and social engagement in the United States and Puerto Rico.
		This timely book offers readers a new framework by which to understand and to interpret the central importance of religious symbols, rhetoric, ideology, world-views, and leaders to Latino religions and politics over the past 150 years.
		It challenges previous stereotypes, advances our understanding of the connection between religion and civic activism, and maps out this diverse community and its changing styles of political and civic engagement.
	www.us.oup.com /us/catalog/general/subject/ReligionTheology/American/?ci=0195162277&view=usa (597 words)

	Table of contents for Library of Congress control number 2004008801
		Table of contents for Latino religions and civic activism in the United States / edited by Gastâon Espinosa, Virgilio Elizondo, and Jesse Miranda.
		César Chávez and the Religion of Revolution, Luis León 4.
		Pray for Elián: Religion and Politics in Miami, Miguel de la Torre 16.
	www.loc.gov /catdir/toc/ecip0417/2004008801.html (374 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		It sheds light on civil religion, millenialism, denominationalism, republicanism, and authority in America during the second half of the eighteenth century.
		The work examines the crucial roles that Smith saw for education and churches in achieving the civic millennium.
		The dissertation also analyzes the stormy relationship between Smith and Benjamin Franklin and reveals that relationship as a clash of civic religions.
	www.georgetown.edu /crossroads/dis/96kass.html (108 words)

	Paganism
		Country dwellers, being removed from city life, did not practice the religions of the wealthier and more educated city dwellers, such as the Graeco-Roman civic religions, the mystery religions, and finally Christianity when it spread through the Roman Empire; instead they practised their own rites associated with rural life.
		Thus until the somewhat later conversion of the country dwellers, ‘pagan’ came to be synonymous with those who did not embrace the Christian faith.
		Three features probably characterized the pagan religions: they contrasted with the state religions and the religions of the city dwellers; they were probably related to fertility; and, since rustics are generally deemed to be less literate than city inhabitants, they pagan religions are largely undocumented.
	www.apologeticsindex.org /311-paganism-2 (392 words)

	Civic Religion Term Papers, Essay Research Paper Help, Essays on Civic Religion
		If you would like to read detailed information about our Civic Religion papers BEFORE submitting payment—such as a summary, the number of pages, year written, and number of sources—you may try our deluxe Civic Religion Search Engine.
		We write Civic Religion papers for research—24 hours a day, 7 days a week—on topics at every level of education.
		In addition to regular libraries, our professional Civic Religion researchers have access to online, member-only libraries that contain millions of books, journals, periodicals, magazines, and vast information on every conceivable Civic Religion subject.
	www.essaytown.com /topics/civic_religion_essays_papers.html (928 words)

	News Release, News and Events, Claremont McKenna College (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Gaston Espinosa’s new co-edited Latino Religions and Civic Activism in the United States (Oxford University Press, 2005) challenges a number of prevailing stereotypes about U.S. Latino religions and political activism.
		The book explores the critical role that institutional, popular, and civil religion has played in Latino political, civic, and social activism during the past 150 years.
		Special attention is paid to Roman Catholics, Mainline Protestants, and Evangelicals, and to the work of Cesar Chavez in California, the Sanctuary movement along the U.S.-Mexican border, the Elian Gonzalez controversy in Florida, the Vieques controversy in Puerto Rico, and the recent Bush-Kerry 2004 presidential election.
	www.mckenna.edu /news/pressreleases/article.asp?article_id=658 (170 words)

	Bunnie Diehl: If you don't like it, just go away: Interfaith Civic Religion
		And remember this is, like it or not, a country with many religions, none of which is established by the state.
		And anyway, the whole use of the word "faiths" instead of "religions" is itself suspect, carrying connotations of how we all have "faith" in one God, just a different type of "faith".
		As far as the comment intends to suggest that all religions are equal to one another, of course it is a false statement.
	bunniediehl.worldmagblog.com /bunniediehl/archives/012090.html (2683 words)

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