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	Civil War Campaign Medal - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Civil War Campaign Medal is considered the first campaign service medal of the United States military.
		The medal was first authorized in 1905 for the fortieth anniversary of the Civil War's conclusion.
		The Civil War Campaign Medal was issued in two versions, one for United States Army or Confederate States Army service and the other for duty in the Confederate or United States Navy.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Civil_War_Campaign_Medal (306 words)

	American Civil War - Facts, Information, and Encyclopedia Reference article
		The American Civil War (1861–1865) was fought in North America within the United States of America, between twenty-three mostly northern states of the Union and the Confederate States of America, a coalition of eleven southern states that declared their independence and claimed the right of secession from the Union in 1860-1861.
		In 1905, a campaign medal was authorized for all Civil War veterans, known as the Civil War Campaign Medal.
		The border States of Missouri and Maryland moved during the course of the war to end slavery, and in December 1864, the Congress proposed the 13th Amendment to the United States Constitution, barring slavery throughout the United States; the 13th Amendment was fully ratified by the end of 1865.
	www.startsurfing.com /encyclopedia/u/s/U.S._Civil_War_d4a5.html (5867 words)

	American Civil War
		To be sure, partisans in the North were known to refer to the Civil War as The War of the Insurrection, or The War of the Rebellion (often seen on veterans' monuments in Massachusetts).
		The War of Southern Rebellion, The War to Save the Union and The War for Abolition; these names are in even rarer modern use than their pro-Southern counterparts, due to comparatively lesser interest in Civil War heritage study in the North.
		The American Civil War is often called the first modern, or total, war because the economies of the participants were targets as important as the armies in the field.
	webpages.charter.net /wisconsinlegion-7thdistrict/Am_Civil_War.htm (4686 words)

	Civil War Traveler in Maryland
		Six Civil War Trails interpretive markers trace the evolution of the April 19, 1861, Baltimore "riot" that erupted when Union soldiers destined for Washington DC made their way from the President Street Station to the Camden Railroad Station.
		Plenty on the Civil War here in the place better known for the inspiration for Key's "The Star Spangled Banner." The late 18th-century fort was a prison for Confederate soldiers and sympathizers during the war.
		Civil War exhibits examine the importance of the railroad to the area and to the Union during the war.
	www.civilwartraveler.com /maryland/baltimore.html (1540 words)

	Civil War Campaign Medal
		On the reverse are the words "THE CIVIL WAR" and below this are the dates "1861-1865", surrounded by a wreath formed by a branch of oak on the left and a branch of olive on the right with the stems joined at the bottom by a conventional knot.
		The subject of campaign medals was considered; however, the Judge Advocate General of the Army, in his opinion, concluded it was not proper to issue "medals" except by authority of Congress, but it was proper for the President to authorize the issue of "badges" as part of the uniform.
		Because of the desire to provide the medal to individuals no longer in the service, Major General Leonard Wood, Chief of Staff, in a letter to the Director of the U.S. Mint on 30 June 1913 requested the U.S. Mint sell the campaign badges to persons who were no longer in the service.
	www.military.com /ResourcesSubmittedFiles/insignia_army_awards_civil_details.htm (713 words)

	[No title]
		Civil War date Carte-de-visite photograph of Lt. George W. Kennedy of the 10th N.Y. Cavalry, a Gettysburg unit, showing him in a bust portrait in uniform.
		Civil War Tintype Photograph of a Union Soldier, 3 x 3.5"", portrait of soldier in Uniform standing with bayonet riffle in his hand, belt with U.S. buckle, cartridge box and cross-sling with chest plate.
		Civil War Carte de Visite Photo by J.A. Williams of training troops at the U.S. Naval Academy, Newport, R.I. A dozen soldiers, in full Naval uniform with Naval Officers Caps, One of them is holding the cannon swab stick in his hand, preparing to swab the cannon.
	www.maxrambod.com /civilwar.htm (6075 words)

	Civil War Medal
		This medal was awarded for qualifying service between the inclusive dates of April 15, 1861, and April 9, 1865 (extended to August 20, 1866 for service in Texas).
		The Civil War is the earliest military service recognized by a campaign medal; therefore, this medal is worn before all other Army campaign medals.
		When authorized for gallantry in action during the Civil War, the Silver Citation Star could be worn on the ribbon of the Civil War Campaign Medal.
	foxfall.com /csm-army-cwm.htm (430 words)

	Civil War Campaign Medal Display Recognition Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Civil War Campaign Medal No. 1 was issued to Major General Charles F. Humphrey on May 26, 1909.
		The Navy Civil War Medal was awarded for qualifying active service in the Navy or Marine Corps between the inclusive dates of April 15, 1861, and April 9, 1865.
		Navy Civil War medal #1 was issued to Admiral George Dewey, and Marine Corps Civil War Medal #1 was issued to Quartermaster Sergeant Artimus F. George.
	www.amervets.com /replacement/civ.htm (1821 words)

	ipedia.com: American Civil War Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The American Civil War is often called the first total war because of its tremendous drain on the economies of the participants.
		The American Civil War was also the first war in which trenches were dug on a wide scale, such as in defense of Vicksburg or at Cold Harbor.
		During the War, Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation was written to free all slaves held in territory under Confederate control at the time of the Proclamation.
	www.ipedia.com /american_civil_war.html (2529 words)

	Citation Star - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Citation Star was a silver star device pinned to the World War I Victory Medal to denote those who had been cited for extreme heroism or valor.
		The decoration was made retroactive as an attachment to all service medals back to the American Civil War.
		During the Second World War, the silver citation star was brought back as an attachment to medals, but in the far lesser degree of being awarded as a campaign service device, in lieu of five bronze service stars.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Citation_Star (377 words)

	Military Medals. Shamrock Hill Books at Bookguy.com
		This medal, the first ever US military medal presented to an enlisted man, was awarded to the three militia men (John Paulding, Isaac Van Wart and David Williams) who captured the British spy Major Andre.
		One of the rarest of medals, it was awarded to only twenty-three officers for services during the Civil War, Spanish American War, Philippine Insurrection and the Boxer Rebellion.
		The Iron Cross was awarded in two grades: the second class is a two-sided medal worn on a ribbon (fl and white until 1939, then red-white-fl) while the first class is single-sided with a pin on the reverse.
	www.bookguy.com /civilwar/medal.htm (714 words)

	NARA - Prologue - Prologue: Selected Articles
		Although the Medal of Honor was the only medal given to soldiers during the American Civil War, it was not the only medal awarded to recognize soldiers of the war.
		More than forty years after the close of the conflict, the War Department in 1907 authorized the striking of a special medal for all living Civil War veterans who had served in the U.S. Army or Volunteer units between April 15, 1861, and April 9, 1865.
		Researchers sure their subject received an army medal in the late nineteenth or early twentieth century, but are unsure which medal it may be, should check the Name Index Cards to Series 257 through 274 (Entry 256).
	www.archives.gov /publications/prologue/2001/summer/medal-of-honor-2.html?template=print (501 words)

	American Civil War - Military History Wiki (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The American Civil War was fought in the United States from 1861 until 1865 between the United States – forces coming mostly from the 23 northern states of the Union – and the newly-formed Confederate States of America, which consisted of 11 southern states that had declared their secession.
		In the final weeks of the war, the Confederacy relented and began to allow fls to enlist in the army, but this was only a token effort.
		As slavery and constitutional questions concerning states' rights were widely viewed as causes for the war, the victorious Union government sought to end slavery and to strip the states of their powers to define citizenship and to deny residents fundamental rights.
	www.militaryhistorywiki.org /wiki/American_Civil_War (4332 words)

	Civil War
		Civil War in Miniature has been designed for learning and has received excellent reviews from educators across the nation and from abroad.
		The American Civil War is one of the most momentous and controversial periods in American history.
		Some information on the roles that women played in the Civil War-from the soldiers to surgeon Dr. Mary Walker, who was awarded the Congressional Medal of Honor.
	www2.richland2.org /svh/Media/socstud/civilwar.htm (1255 words)

	NARA - ALIC - Military Resources: Civil War
		Civil War origins of the Medal of Honor are noted and NARA researchers are given guidance on finding records of the recipients.
		The conflict became known as the "War Between the States" in the Confederacy, the "Great Rebellion", or simply "the rebellion" by Union veterans, and, finally, the "Civil War" by moderates and conciliators.
		This finding aid focuses on Civil War regimental histories located in the Library of Congress's general collections and is arranged by Union and Confederate state regiments.
	www.archives.gov /research/alic/reference/military/civil-war-resources.html (1677 words)

	Dr. Mary Walker's Bible
		A crusader for women’s equality, Dr. Mary Edwards Walker served as a surgeon for the Union army during the Civil War and was captured by the Confederates.
		However, the medal was revoked in 1917 when Congress revised its standards to include only “actual combat with the enemy.” Six decades later, the women’s movement sparked new interest in Walker's story.
		Walker was the only woman to serve as a surgeon during the war.
	www.civilwar.si.edu /soldiering_walkers_bible.html (137 words)

	medals (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Three separate campaigns are recognized: the defense of Saudi Arabia, the liberation of Kuwait and enforcing the cease-fire agreement through Nov. 30, 1995 and service members can be awarded the medal up to three times.
		This medal is awarded only for operations for which no other U.S. campaign medal is approved.
		The Iraq Campaign Medal (ICM) is authorized by the President of the United States by Public Law 108-234 and Executive Order 13363, 29 November 2004.
	www.invsoa.homestead.com /medals.html (5447 words)

	Online Catalog-IR372-139th New York Veteran Medal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Some of the action this regiment encountered was: Fort Magruder, Crumps cross-roads, the campaign* against Richmond and Petersburg, Swift creek, Proctors creek, Drewrys bluff, Bermuna Hundred, and Cold Harbor.
		This is a very nice medal with no fraying of the ribbon hanging from the drop.
		In the center of the bronze medal is a blue enameled heart encircled with a red enameled band with the words-PRO/PATRIA/SEMPER/PARATUS.
	www.civilwarpreservations.com /catdet.asp?TargetItem=IR372&CategoryType=Insignia (127 words)

	West Virginia in the Civil War (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Leadership in the American Civil War Seminar to be hosted June 22-25 in Shepherdstown
		Some exciting war experiences related by Civil War veterans to reporters of the Ironton Register in the 1880s.
		Created in the midst of the Civil War, West Virginia provided to the Union Army 31,872 regular army troops, 133 sailors and marines, and 196 United States Colored Troops, during that terrible conflict of 1861-1865.
	www.wvcivilwar.com (330 words)

	cwla - Publications - Subject Index File
		Campaigns of the Civil War - Vol XI: The Shenandoah Valley In 1864
		O'Reilly, Francis A. The Fredericksburg Campaign: Decision on the Rappahannock
		Campaigns of the Civil War - Vol I: The Outbreak of Rebellion
	www.civilwarlandscapes.org /cwla/pub/subject.htm (11691 words)

	Civil War Medal
		The Navy Civil War Medal was awarded for qualifying service between the inclusive dates of April 15, 1861, and April 9, 1865.
		The Civil War is the earliest military service recognized by a Navy campaign medal; therefore, this medal is worn before all other Navy campaign medals.
		Navy Civil War medal #1 was issued to
	foxfall.com /csm-navy-cwm.htm (454 words)

	Military Medals. Shamrock Hill Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The Confederate Government had planned to award medals for outstanding bravery, but delays and personality conflicts delayed all efforts until it was too late.
		Established in 1918, the medal was awarded to officers for bravery in combat flying.
		Established in 1940, the medal was awarded to civilians and military for conspicuous bravery.
	www.hometown.aol.com /historybks/medal.htm (1112 words)

	USCWC -- Civil War Soldiers and Units Information 2
		The Civil War Pension Records of PVT Daniel Scantlin of the 98
		The Civil War in Montgomery County, GA Sumter County, GA Confederate Units 1861-1865
		Civil War Soldiers of Hart County, KY rd
	www.cwc.lsu.edu /links/cwsuinfo2.htm (527 words)

	MuscatineJournal.com
		Lee and Dennis Leonard O’Leary continued their research and learned more about the bronze Army Civil War Campaign Medal, which was established by War Department General Orders Number 12 for those who served with Union forces between April 15, 1861 and April 9, 1865 or in Texas, to Aug. 20, 1866.
		The medal features the words, “With malice toward none, with charity for all,” inscribed around the head of President Abraham Lincoln and the ribbon is half blue and half gray.
		Virginia Cooper, registrar of the Muscatine Art Center said the medal will be a welcome addition to the display of the sword and the center’s other Civil War artifacts.
	www.muscatinejournal.com /articles/2005/10/13/news/doc434e7310e7cff647822849.txt (805 words)

	Thomas Ward Custer Biography Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The only soldier to win two Congressional Medals of Honor during the Civil War was the brother of General George A. Custer, Tom Custer.
		Appointed second lieutenant in the 6th Michigan Cavalry, on November 8, 1864, Custer was promptly assigned to the staff of his brother in the Shenandoah Valley.
		After the war he was commissioned directly into the regular army and soon joined his brother's regiment, the 7th Cavalry, with which he went to his death at the Little Big Horn.
	www.civilwarhome.com /tcusterbio.htm (241 words)

	Sergeant George Uhri Light Battery F (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Sergeant Uhri won a medal of honor for his heroic action.
		He served in the Seminole Indian War in Florida and against the Crows and Sioux in Minnesota.
		Sergeant Uhri served in the Union Army for the full term of the Civil War, and he retired from the army on December 31, 1886.
	www.civilwarfamilyhistory.com /new_page_120.htm (252 words)

	Biography
		With the regiment Chamberlain took part in the battles of Antietam, Shepherdstown Ford, Fredericksburg (wounded), and Chancellorsville.
		He then took part in the Appomattox Campaign, about which he wrote The Passing of the Armies.
		He was given the honor of commanding the troops that formally accepted the surrender of the Confederate army.
	www.civil-war-tribute.com /joshua-lawrence-chamberlain-bio.htm (300 words)

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