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Topic: Civil police

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	Assam Police -- History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The necessity of raising a separate force under the civil government apart from the armed civil Police was also felt and the first unit of this new organisation was formed in the year 1835 by one Mr.
		It may be noted that the Civil Police was the principal Police force in the Province and its total strength in 1874, at the time of constituting Assam as a Chief Commissioner's province was 3,352.
		All the high positions in the police administration during the colonial era were occupied by the British and after their departure, there was a vacuum in the administration because of the absence of experienced and qualified officers.
	assampolice.com /aphistory.htm (2973 words)

	Israel Police
		Local residents, recruited as civil Guard security volunteers, patrol the area late at night in their own vehicles, which are equipped with Civil Guard ID accessories (flashlights, jackets, etc.), and report unusual events to the local police station.
		Civil Guard bomb disposal assistants: volunteers accompany police bomb disposal experts and help them to keep passersby away and cordon off relevant areas until the suspicious object has been examined and disposed of.
		Youth Civil Guard: assistance with youth department police officers in preventing crime and violence, and the use of narcotics and alcohol by minors.
	www.police.gov.il /english/News/CivilGuard/04_volunteer_fields.asp (807 words)

	Shielded from Justice: New York: Civil Lawsuits
		In 1984, the city agreed to pay into a police union "civil legal defense fund." It now pays $75 per year for each officer in the union, meaning that taxpayers may be charged three times for officers who commit abuses: for their legal defense, for their salaries, and for civil settlements or jury awards.
		Juries in civil cases are increasingly willing to believe plaintiffs seeking damages (leading to settlements by the city and large awards when cases do go to trial); and, in separate criminal cases against civilians, the public is increasingly unwilling to believe the police.
		Moreover, the civil suits filed represent just a portion of allegations of police misconduct made by individuals seeking legal representation, since many lawyers who represent victims in police misconduct suits are overwhelmed with requests for help and will only pursue the strongest cases involving the victim's hospitalization or death.
	www.hrw.org /reports98/police/uspo104.htm (1115 words)

	Parades, Permits And The Right To Protest (Gotham Gazette. August, 2006)
		Civil Rights refers to the basic rights and freedoms to which all humans are entitled, and to the laws that prohibit discrimination on the basis of race, creed, gender, age, sexual orientation, and many other criteria.
		Police Commissioner Kelly, in an op-ed piece in the New York Post called “Protests & the NYPD: Keeping Speech Free and Safe,” said that the department is responding to a ruling by Justice Michael Stallman in the Critical Mass case that parade rules in the city were too vague.
		The civil liberties union is in talks with the police department to get the rule modified or dropped and with the city council in case the negotiations with the police fail.
	www.gothamgazette.com /article/civilrights/20060815/3/1937 (1666 words)

	Philadelphia Police Department :: Civil Affairs
		he Civil Affairs Unit, formerly known as the Civil Disobedience Unit, was established in the early 1960's in a proactive response to growing social unrest emanating from local as well as national issues.
		Recognized by the Philadelphia Police Department as having primary enforcement responsibilities at any public assembly, demonstration or labor dispute, the function of the Civil Affairs Unit, is to preserve peace and order, ensure the well being of persons and property and protect the Constitutional Rights of all involved parties.
		As civil disagreements arise between management and employees or their bargaining representative, labor laws are enforced or adjudged by the National Labor Relations Board, the courts, the Pennsylvania Labor Relations Board and other agencies.
	www.ppdonline.org /hq_profile_civilaffairs.php (277 words)

	Civil police - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A civil police force is a police force comprised of civilians and not military personnel.
		In the hierarchy of a government, such a force would typically come under the purview of an umbrella organization such as a Home Office, a Department of Public Safety, or an Interior Ministry as opposed to being found amongst the departments of an army or other armed forces.
		Civil police agencies may be organized and trained on military lines (often called a constabulary, although that term may also be used for non-paramilitary forces), or they may be strictly non-military type organizations, often with a paramilitary unit (SWAT or similar).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Civil_police (142 words)

	National Association of Police Organizations Speech
		Police officers have one of the hardest jobs there is. A police officer is charged with ensuring public safety, but she or he is also empowered to use force and, if necessary, to take a life to protect others from death or great bodily harm.
		The thousands of community-oriented police officers who are on the streets, due to the president's COPS initiative, have made a difference.
		Two older statutes, Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, 42 U.S.C. 2000d, and the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968, 42 U.S.C. 3789d, together prohibit police departments receiving federal financial assistance from discriminating on the basis of race, color, national origin and religion in providing police services.
	www.usdoj.gov /crt/split/documents/policespeech.htm (1719 words)

	City of Longview, Washington: Police Civil Service
		The Longview Police Department currently has 65 full-time budgeted positions, 52 uniformed positions and 13 civilian positions which, with the exception of the Police Chief, are all filled as provided by the adopted Civil Service Rules of the City of Longview.
		Entry level police officers are selected for employment from a Civil Service Eligibility List which is established through a formal civil service recruitment and testing process.
		All positions are full-time, uniformed position providing first-line duty in the protection of life and property of the citizens of the community including the enforcement of laws and ordinances, the preservation of the peace, apprehension of criminals, control of non-criminal conduct and the application of services to the community.
	www.ci.longview.wa.us /hr/policecivilservice.htm (759 words)

	CNN - New York officials defend police at civil rights hearing - May 26, 1999
		The recent turmoil sparked by two high-profile cases against the New York police -- involving the slaying of an unarmed African immigrant and allegations of torture and sodomy brought by a Haitian immigrant -- is "certainly not unique to New York City," Safir told the commission.
		When asked why the number of civilian complaints of abuse by police was on the rise, Giuliani said that reflects the increase in the size of the police force.
		One such practice allows police to stop and frisk anyone who comes under "reasonable suspicion," as the department calls it, even if there is no direct evidence a crime has taken place.
	www.cnn.com /US/9905/26/nypd.probe.02/index.html (637 words)

	Police - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Police are public servants of a city, town, municipality, county, or state, with the responsibility of maintaining law and order (law enforcement).
		Police often have specialist units for handling armed offenders, and similar dangerous situations, and can (depending on local laws), in some extreme circumstances, call on the military (since Military Aid to the Civil Power is a role of many armed forces).
		The Australian Federal Police are responsible for policing duties in the Australian Capital Territory, and investigating crimes relating to federal criminal law (particularly crimes with an international dimension) nationwide.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Police (4711 words)

	Civil Police Misconduct Cases
		Police misconduct cases involve ever changing legal issues that are too complex for many lawyers to know or understand.
		It takes years of experience to consistently win civil rights cases against the government.
		Steering's practice involves police misconduct cases.**The cases listed show events that occured at some point in time in that litigation; not neceesarily the final outcome of those cases.
	www.steeringlaw.com /civilpolice (795 words)

	National Center fot the Study of Police and Civil Disorder
		The goal of the National Center for the Study of Police and Civil Disorder is to enable police departments to plan for and to prevent civil disorders, and in the event they do occur, to control them in such a way as to minimize damage to the community and its people.
		To assist police practitioners and scholars in researching and writing articles, monographs, and books on police and civil disorders, and to conduct or stimulate sales and distribution of these materials.
		Police departments differ widely in their policies governing the use of deadly force, but in most large cities there appears to be increased restraint in police use of firearms.
	www.policefoundation.org /docs/aboutcenter.html (2611 words)

	CIVIL SERVICE POLICE EXAM (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		In these communities, as current law requires, candidates will have to meet physical fitness and medical standards within 30 days of appointment to police officer positions, and once hired, will be tested regularly during their employment to be sure that they meet certain medical and physical fitness standards..
		Police Officers hired from the eligible list resulting from this examination are prohibited from smoking tobacco products at the time of and after appointment, according to Chapter 41, Section 101A, of the Massachusetts General Laws.
		A Police Officer is dispatched to crime and emergency scenes in response to reported violations, accidents, domestic disputes and abuses, and other incidents: Carries out crime scene duties; makes arrest and performs search and seizure; conducts investigations; and interviews witnesses, suspects, and complainants.
	www.ci.reading.ma.us /police/exam.htm (2358 words)

	Criminal Police Misconduct Cases
		Police officers commonly abuse the criminal justice system by trying to frame their victims, because if they are successful, the victims are usually precluded from suing the police.
		Most criminal lawyers don’t know about making sure that important evidence, like audio tapes of police radio transmissions, and police car video tapes, is preserved; for both the defense of the criminal case, and for the prosecution of the civil case;
		Most criminal lawyers do not know what needs to be done in a criminal case, to maximize a criminal defendant’s chances of then prevailing on a civil action against the police.
	www.steeringlaw.com /criminalpolice (297 words)

	Opinions- Disinformation, Brutalities & Incompetency Of Civil & Police Officers
		This virtually means that there would no need for public or civil co-operation from now on, since total and complete co-operation between the State police and Central para-military forces would do the needful.
		He also said that as a senior civil or police officer, all avenues have to be considered by using past experiences before imposing a curfew or blank-firing order by being physically present to measure the gravity of the situation personally first hand.
		The extremely crude methods used by the police and military officers for urgent extraction of the so-called 'Valuable information' by means of physical and mentally ruthless intimidations and tortures would have chilled the hearts of Attila the HUN and Reinhard 'the Hangman' Heydrich, the chief of Hitler's Gestapo.
	www.manipuronline.com /Opinions/November2005/policebrutality06_3.htm (1630 words)

	City of Austin - Civil Defense Battalion
		The Austin Police Department (APD) is well-positioned and well-trained to respond to critical incidents as defined by events prior to September 11, 2001.
		A natural part and extension of the MET is the creation of a Police Civil Defense Battalion, consisting of a well-trained corps of volunteers prepared to respond quickly to supplement the work of APD officers.
		The Police Civil Defense Battalion would consist of four companies, each trained to handle specially identified tasks with the goal of freeing officers to handle assignments requiring highly-trained police officers.
	www.ci.austin.tx.us /police/civildb.htm (821 words)

	Civil Liability (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		States cannot be sued in a civil rights claim, but municipalities and sheriffs can be sued if they are (a) acting under color of state law, and (b) violating a specific Amendment right in the Constitution.
		And, it sounds like a contradiction, but police behavior that is clearly illegal and violates departmental procedure, like beating up a citizen, is regarded by the court as acting under color of law.
		If a police officer commits perjury on the stand, they cannot be threatened with civil liability, only the criminal offense of perjury.
	faculty.ncwc.edu /toconnor/205/205lect12.htm (2073 words)

	THE PALESTINIAN SECURITY SERVICES: BETWEEN POLICE AND ARMY
		The Civil Police, also known as the Blue Police, is the main law enforcement tool in the PA. Like the NSF, it was one of the original branches of the GSS mentioned in the Cairo Agreement.
		A police force is generally defined as "an organized civil force for maintaining order, preventing and detecting crime, and enforcing the law."(8) But a military force differs from a police force.
		The issue remained open for Palestinian interpretation and the result was that, apart from the Civil Police, the main branches of the PSS have never been properly trained in police work.
	meria.idc.ac.il /journal/1999/issue2/jv3n2a5.html (7469 words)

	Cuff Calipers, Protecting Police From Civil Liability
		At http://www.TacticalPoliceSupply.com police agencies can find a new product designed by the Utah based company, “Cuff Calipers.” A new handcuff-calibration device has been designed in order to combat against the ever increasing claims of “police brutality” through allegations of tightened handcuffs.
		In turn, the size of the cuffs can easily be re-created for civil or criminal litigation in order to provide evidence of the actual position the handcuffs were applied and double-locked.
		Through http://www.TacticalPoliceSupply.com Police agencies can have the calibration device engraved on their existing handcuffs for about $15.00 a pair or buy new handcuffs with the markings already on them from between the estimated cost of $26.00 to $50.00 a pair, depending on the model purchased.
	www.prweb.com /releases/2006/4/prweb366285.htm (837 words)

	American Civil Liberties Union : Police Practices
		Police abuse continues to be a major civil liberties problem in the U.S., particularly in poor communities and communities of color.
		The most promising kinds of reform are based on the concept of civilian oversight of the police.
		NEW YORK - In response to reports that New Yorkers are using police union cards to avoid prosecution, the New York Civil Liberties Union today called on the New York City Police Department to assure that the "professional courtesy" given police officers and their friends and families does not turn into law-enforcement immunity.
	www.aclu.org /PolicePractices/PolicePracticesMain.cfm (488 words)

	CNN - Police, civil rights leaders sit down to build bridges - June 8,1999
		WASHINGTON (CNN) -- In a search for answers on how to improve relations between police and minorities, Attorney General Janet Reno on Wednesday will convene a gathering of law enforcement and civil rights leaders from across the country.
		Police leaders say relations with minority communities are by and large good.
		Justice Department officials hope that by sitting police and civil rights leaders down over the next two days they can find answers to a very divisive issue.
	www.cnn.com /US/9906/08/race.police/index.html (485 words)

	Elmira Police Department \| Join the Force
		The mission of the Elmira Police Department is to maintain peace and order through the provision of police services that are of the highest quality and responsive to the needs of the community.
		The Department contributes to the safety and security of the community by apprehending those who commit criminal acts, by developing partnerships to prevent, reduce, or eliminate neighborhood problems, and by providing police services that are fair, unbiased, and respectful of the dignity of all individuals.
		If you are currently employed as a Law Enforcement Officer such as a Police Officer or Deputy Sheriff, and you are interested in employment with the Elmira Police Department, you may be eligible to be hired as a lateral transfer.
	www.ci.elmira.ny.us /police/employment.html (996 words)

	Police Practices (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Police abuse continues to be a major civil liberties problem in Florida, particularly in poor communities and communities of color.
		In Miami, a mentally ill Vietnam veteran yielding a pocketknife was shot 17 times by a city police officer who fired his 40-caliber semi-automatic weapon from about four feet away.
		The ACLU of Florida receives hundreds of complaints of police misconduct every year, ranging from verbal abuse, to racial profiling, to use of excessive force, to inappropriate use of lethal force.
	www.aclufl.org /issues/police_practices/index.cfm (751 words)

	Samurai police
		To maintain civil order and governmental authority, the shogunate military government devised an elaborate police system headed by two machi-bugyoh, each serving as a combination of town magistrate, judge, and police chief.
		Members of the samurai class were policed by ometuke (investigators) and the shogunate's internal intelligence and covert espionage arm, the metsuke (watchers).
		Like uniformed police today, the jomawari-doshin and rinjimawari-doshin made no attempt to conceal their identities, patrolling the streets of Edo with their jutte, the badge of their office, prominently displayed.
	www.e-budokai.com /hibuki/police.htm (851 words)

	Civil Police (al-Shurta Madaniyya)
		The Palestinian Civil Police, like the National Security Force, was formally established under the General Security Service (GSS) umbrella with the signing of the May 1994 Cairo agreement.
		In addition, the Civil Police lead a special rapid-deployment team of 700 officers trained to handle riots, execute counterterrorism operations, and perform rapid response to miscellaneous crises.
		Long-time head of the police, Ghazi al-Jabali came under frequent criticism for corruption, curbing critical press, and the 1996 detention of Palestinian civil rights activist, Eyad Sarraj.
	www.globalsecurity.org /intell/world/palestine/cp.htm (267 words)

	Evaluating Police Force and Avoiding Civil Liability
		The Command Staff of any agency is placed in the unique position of having to defend their agency and officers from civil liability while at the same time protecting the public from officers who violate policy and laws in the areas of force employment.
		Nothing harms the good order of a police agency more than the discipline of a brutal officer being overturned at arbitration because command could not explain their concerns to the satisfaction of the arbitration board.
		This course was developed with the input and assistance of the top police civil defense attorneys and police risk managers in the nation--people who work full-time to defend officers in federal courts against allegations of constitutional misconduct by officers.
	www.cuttingedgetraining.org /training/evaluating_police_force.htm (353 words)

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