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	Clactonian - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Clactonian is the name given by archaeologists to an industry of European flint tool manufacture which dates to the early part of the interglacial period known as the Hoxnian, the Mindel-Riss or the Holstein interglacial (300,000-200,000 years ago).
		The Clactonian industry involved striking thick, irregular flakes from a core of flint which was then employed as a chopper (archaeology).
		Retouch is uncommon and the prominent bulb of percussion on the flakes indicates use of a hammerstone.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Clactonian_Man (604 words)

	Science Fair Projects - Clactonian
		The Clactonian is the name given by archaeologists to an industry of European flint tool manufacture which dates to the early part of the interglacial period known as the Hoxnian, the Mindell -Riss or the Holstein interglacial (300,000-200,000 years ago).
		The Clactonian industry involved striking thick, irregular flakes from a core of flint which was then employed as a chopper.
		In the 1990s it was argued that the difference between Clactonian and Acheulean may be false distinction however.
	www.all-science-fair-projects.com /science_fair_projects_encyclopedia/Clactonian_Man (713 words)

	Lower Paleolithic - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This type of man is more clearly linked to the flake tradition, which spread across southern Europe through the Balkans to appear relatively densely in southeast Asia.
		Also in Europe appeared a type of man intermediate between Homo erectus and Homo sapiens, typified by such fossils as Swanscombe Man, Steinheim Man, Tautavel Man and Vertesszollos Man (Homo palaeohungaricus).
		Although it is unwise in the current state of knowledge to assume an exclusive association of any type of man with any type of tool, the intermediates seem responsible for the hand-axe tradition.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Lower_Paleolithic (457 words)

	Glossary of Terms and Abbreviations \| Bone and Stone
		Ighoud Man : Homo sapiens from Jebel Ighoud, Morocco.
		Ternifine Man : Homo erectus from Ternifine, Algeria.
		Vértesszöllös Man : Homo sapiens from Vértesszöllös, Hungary.
	www.boneandstone.com /main/glossary.html (857 words)

	Science in Christian Perspective
		The uniqueness of man living today is manifested in his capacity for complex symboling illustrated by speech and resulting in true culture which in a measure reflects the imago dei.
		Man was commanded, furthermore, to subdue the earth, and part of the fulfillment of this command certainly is to explore and understand what God has created.
		Language and culture are the evidence of man's uniqueness, that he differs in kind and not in degree from the animals.12 This unique human capacity is one of the clear indications of man's singular place in the creation of God, and may be empirical evidence reflecting something of the imago dei.
	www.asa3.org /asa/PSCF/1965/JASA6-65Murk.html (11271 words)

	Earliest Englishman
		Piltdown Man may have built shelters of boughs in the forest to live in during the summer time, but there is not much doubt that he would go to rock shelters in the winter time and in wet weather.
		The actual chin of the ape is, indeed, retreating; when living man appears to have a retreating chin, this is due not to the shape of the bone, but only to the fleshy covering of a lower jaw, which is too small to meet the front of the [59] upper jaw.
		It is not easy to decide whether the Piltdown skull belonged to a man or to a woman; it is, however, supposed that the weakness of the jaw, the feebleness of the muscle-marks on the brain-case, and the small size of the so-called mastoid processes, show that the skull belonged to a woman.
	www.clarku.edu /~piltdown/map_report_finds/earliest_english.html (20676 words)

	Notes on Man's Social Nature and Capitalist Role of Bolshevism
		They stress the greediness and competitiveness of man under capitalism, but obviously ignore the fact that even within a society where the social and economic forces are almost universally divisive there are many examples of co-operation, generosity and mutual concern.
		The idea that man is naturally competitive and selfish is itself a socially-determined prejudice, which seeks to rationalize economic privilege in propertied society.
		This is to say that man functions physically and emotionally about the practical problems of survival and in his personal relationships as a social being.
	www.worldsocialism.org /spgb/education/socialnature.html (5518 words)

	Full text of A NEW THEORY OF HUMAN EVOLUTION, by Sir Arthur Keith
		Man is the only animal that surrounds his territory by a delimited frontier; a frontier is, to him, a matter of life and death; he regards it with a sentiment which is almost religious in its intensity.
		Man's "competitive complex." Group or team competition has a strong attraction for man. It is assumed that the human groups in the primal world were competitive to a varying degree.
		Man is the most competitive as well as the most co operative of social animals, and in primitive groups these two qualities were combined so as to form a single evolutionary instrument.
	reactor-core.org /new-theory-of-human-evolution.html (17676 words)

	HighBeam Encyclopedia â“ Free Online Encyclopedia for Reference, Research, Facts
		The oldest recognizable tools made by members of the family of man are simple stone choppers, such as those discovered at Olduvai Gorge in Tanzania.
		Stone tools of this period are of the core type, made by chipping the stone to form a cutting edge, or of the flake type, fashioned from fragments struck off a stone.
		In the Upper Paleolithic period Neanderthal man disappears and is replaced by a variety of Homo sapiens such as Cro-Magnon man and Grimaldi man. This, the flowering of the Paleolithic period, saw an astonishing number of human cultures, such as the Aurignacian, Gravettian, Perigordian, Solutrean, and Magdalenian, rise and develop in the Old World.
	www.encyclopedia.com /printable.aspx?id=1E1:paleolit (743 words)

	shout of Homo erectus
		This sculpture is the Man of Mouthiers (Charente, France) (Fig.
		I add a short explanation for the profane : the denomination of the cultural periods of the Paleolithic refers to the discoveries of the first tools from which was born the typology.
		Both the Acheulean, and the Clactonian in the Gargano had long duration, since the more ancient implements are fluitated, and the most recent less, and this is due to the action of the waves of the sea in the interglacial periods.
	www.paleolithicartmagazine.org /pagina39.html (2562 words)

	An Overview of the Paleolithic
		Archaeology is concerned with the origins and development of early human culture between the first appearance of man as a tool-using mammal, which is believed to have occurred about 600,000 or 700,000 years ago, and the beginning of the Recent geologic era, about 8000 BC.
		Throughout the Paleolithic, man was a food gatherer, depending for his subsistence on hunting wild animals and birds, fishing, and collecting wild fruits, nuts, and berries.
		The typology of the artifacts is complex; it consists of three distinct increments: (1) the prepared striking-platform-tortoise-core (Levalloisian) tradition; (2) the plain striking-platform-discoidal-core technique of ultimate Clactonian tradition; and (3) a persistence of the bifacial core tool, or Acheulean tradition.
	www.history-world.org /stone_age1.htm (2976 words)

	The Archaeology of Sussex
		Let us suppose that in the year 1900 a man lays down a book in a place where it will not be disturbed for many years, but before doing so slips in between the pages all the small change he has in his pocket at the time.
		the power of man to determine, though several guesses have been made; most of these attempts speak in terms of hundreds of thousands of years, owing to the great geological changes that took place during that period, but such guesses must be taken for what they are worth.
		In fact, Acheulean man seems to have had a distinct preference for such situations, which probably means that he was interested in fishing; a good example of this is provided by the Late Acheulean sea-side settlement on the raised beach at Slindon–a kind of Palaeolithic forerunner of Bognor Regis.
	black.clarku.edu /~piltdown/map_receptionfav/thepiltdiscoveries.html (5684 words)

	Stone Age Hand Axes
		There were no handaxes at the beginning of the Pleistocene, and none at the end, but for one million years in between this was the tool of choice for stone age man. Although everpresent in stone age culture, the exact purpose and use of this tool remains a mystery.
		The handaxe appears almost everywhere that early man appears (see image at left), with the exception of the very far east.
		Attempts to dramatize Stone Age man as a crude and warlike savage often show handaxes mounted as oversized spearpoints.
	www.abotech.com /Articles/Kowalski02.htm (845 words)

	harroyan civilization
		This type of union begins in the Mousterian and continues in the upper Paleolithic, the protohistory, and is present in the world also in the urban civilizations, where the half head in frontal view, can be joined to half head of animal, or of hybrid man-animal, or to half skull, that represents the death.
		This type of coupling, we have already seen it in the ancient and middle Clactonian, and remains to clear the constant of the two human types of different species, and the style horizontal lengthened for one head, and the style lengthened vertical for the other head.
		Of the same type of this, is the sculpture of Carnac (menhir) (Fig.5,37), that constitutes proof of the bearing of the heads.
	www.museoorigini.it /pagina59.html (4481 words)

	Archaeological Sites (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		In 1935 and 1936, Alvin T. Marston, a 65-year-old dentist and amateur archeologist from Clapham, discovered the remains of Swanscombe Man. The part of human skull belonged to an early form of modern man (Homo sapiens) and is believed to belong to a young woman.
		The tribe was named Clactonian Man. The most common tool found at Swanscombe is the hand-axe.
		Unlike the Piltdown Man found in Britain, the Swanscombe Man was very real indeed, and it shattered the archeological community making the site one of the most rich Paleolithic sites in Britain and the world.
	www.mnsu.edu /emuseum/archaeology/sites/europe/swanscombe.html (477 words)

	Zinken: [05] Human Evolution
		Africa's "Eve," the theorized first modern human, may have been preceded by "Jianshi Man," a possible human ancestor recently found in China that lived between 2.15-1.95 million years ago, according to a report from China's Xinhuanet news service.
		Human evolution, anthropologists now say, is hardly a simple, linear progression from ape to modern man. And some of the species portrayed by Zallinger, such as the robust Australopithecines, are no longer considered to be direct ancestors of modern humans...
		This is the image that archaeologists have painted of the ape-like man that lived in the Clacton area 400,000 years ago.
	zinken.typepad.com /palaeo/05_human_evolution (7479 words)

	Everything about Beaker Culture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Having lived side-by-side with agricultural peoples for millennia, Europe's animals and plants have been profoundly affected by the presence and activities of man. With the exception of Scandinavia and northern Russia, few areas of untouched wilderness are today to be found in Europe, except for different natural parks.
		Neanderthal man and modern man coexisted during at least some of this time.
		Control of labour and inter-group conflict is characteristic of corporate-level or 'tribal' groups, headed by a charismatic individual (e.g., a 'big man', or proto-chief) such as a lineage group head.
	wikimiki.org /en/Beaker+culture (11377 words)

	Archaeology Wordsmith
		It was used for hacking, breaking, or chopping and was especially characteristic of Middle Pleistocene, pre-Acheulian industries of the Old World, such as Choukoutien, in the Clactonian in England, and at the earliest levels of Oldowan industries.
		This crude tool was made by striking a limited number of flakes from the edge of a cobble or fist-size rock to produce a coarse cutting edge.
		Those found in large numbers in Olduvai Gorge, in Tanganyika, are universally accepted as eoliths, dating back man's history to 1,000,000 years ago.
	www.reference-wordsmith.com /cgi-bin/lookup.cgi?category=&where=headword&terms=chopper (299 words)

	history discoveries of hominid art
		To the contrary, the evolutionists supported that the man of today was the direct descendant of the prehistoric man who lived during the Quaternarius, at the same time of the great fossil mammals.
		The art of the antediluvian man was purposed to itself, according to the Creationism of the scholar, in fact the universal Deluge would have destroyed all, comprised the Man, and how much has come after, would have been fruit of a new creation.
		The greater part of the sculptures in silex, which Boucher de Perthes has collected, came from terraced alluviums of the valley of the Somme (France), and, from the typology of the sculptures published, it is possible to assert, for great part of these, their attribution to the lower Paleolithic.
	www.paleolithicartmagazine.org /pagina73.html (12358 words)

	Archaeology: The Lower Palaeolithic Age \| British History Online
		The typical industry of Neanderthal Man, the Mousterian, is not found in south-east England, but the Levalloisian may have been his work.
		From the former came a Clactonian industry, possibly slightly later typologically than that of the Lower Gravels of Swanscombe and the buried Channel at Clacton-on-Sea, and from the latter fauna which suggests a stage within the same (Mindel/Riss) Interglacial as the Swanscombe Gravels.
		The first consists of slightlyrolled flakes which are similar to the Clactonian series from the Lower Gravels at Swanscombe, and the second is a group of slightly-rolled hand-axes which belong to the same Middle Acheulian as the Middle Gravels at Swanscombe, and the Lower Boyn Hill series from Furze Platt and Lent Rise.
	www.british-history.ac.uk /report.asp?compid=22095 (6124 words)

	The Stone Age
		The most abundant remains of Paleolithic cultures are a variety of stone tools whose distinct characteristics provide the basis for a system of classification containing several tool making traditions or industries.
		These tools may have been made over 1 million years ago by Australopithecus, ancestor of modern man. Fractured stones called eoliths have been considered the earliest tools, but it is impossible to distinguish man-made from naturally produced modifications in such stones.
		The Middle Paleolithic period includes the Mousterian culture, often associated with Neanderthal man, an early form of man, living between 40,000 and 100,000 years ago.
	history-world.org /stone_age.htm (2504 words)

	art of matthesian paleolithic civilization
		It is not excluded thatthe sculpture is false, in how much back the end of the nineteenth century, when it has been sold, there were a collectionism and a market with false.
		It represents an artistic hybrid man-animal; in which the head and the body are enough similar to the man (at least for the vertical body), while the ears are of the animal.
		It is the only finding of the Paleolithic, that we know, of representation of the ears in stone and bone sculptures.
	www.museoorigini.it /pagina61.html (483 words)

	What were the dates of palaeolithic cultures
		The Palaeolithic period of Man's development is considered to be roughly contemporary with the Pleistocene period of the earth's history and has to be dated in geological terms.
		The Pleistocene may be broadly divided, on the basis of faunal remains, into Lower, Middle, and Upper or (in Europe at least), on the basis of Alpine glacial deposits, into four major periods of glacial advance (Gunz, Mindel, Riss, and Wurm) with three corresponding interglacial periods.
		This would mean that the earliest man whose tools we have found and certainly identified lived perhaps as much as a million years ago.
	www.fetchfreereports.com /history/free_what_were_the_dates_of_palaeolithic_cultures0506.html (484 words)

	Local History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Before man discovered how to use bronze and iron he made all of his tools from wood, stone, and bone.
		This tribe is known as Clactonian Man. Over 4,000 items of flint from Barnfield Pit are housed in Dartford Museum.
		Prehistoric man was slowly changed from a hunter to a farmer with some control over his food supply.
	easyweb.easynet.co.uk /~mchatwin/localhst.htm (9072 words)

	Public Anthropology
		He notes late glacial chronology and the implications of this to early man will be the focus of the first part of his paper, and the second part will focus on an attempt to synthesize the early man problem in relation to the first part.
		One hypothesis Collins includes in his article is that a single population made both the Clactonian and the Acheulian tools.
		He believes that his evidence shows that just as Neandertals are classified as Homo sapiens neandertalensis, the anatomically modern hominid fossils of “Upper Paleolithic Man” should be classified as a variation within Homo sapiens sapiens.
	www.publicanthropology.org /Archive/Ca1969.htm (8276 words)

	The Sandrock Clacton-on-Sea Essex. A GUEST HOUSE WITH HOTEL STANDARDS
		Also found in these cliffs were flints named by the archaeological world as Clactonian Industry.
		It is during this period it is thought that a leader of Saxon man called Clacc lived in this area.
		The first records of Claccingtune are about 1000 years ago when the village was required to provide two men towards a ships crew.
	www.sandrockhotel.com /page_index.asp?MenuPageId=62&MenuTypeId=7 (595 words)

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