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Topic: Clam worm

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	Clam Worm
		Clam worms are ubiquitous in distribution, common in marine and estuarine waters along the West, East, and Gulf Coasts.
		Clam worms are segmented worms belonging to the class polychaeta, meaning "a number of bristles." Each body segment has a pair of small paddle-shaped appendages (parapodia), in which are embedded tiny hairs or bristles.
		Clam worms have four pairs of tentacles, one pair of antennae, and one pair of fleshy lobes (palps) on the head region.
	www.biology-blog.com /blogs/permalinks/7-2006/clam-worm-44320.html (248 words)

	worm - HighBeam Encyclopedia
		The nemertines, or ribbon worms (phylum Nemertinea), are often colorful marine carnivores with an extensible proboscis.
		The sea mouse, the clam worm, and the feather duster worm belong to the latter group.
		Moth and butterfly larvae can be distinguished from adult animals called worms by the presence of several pairs of fleshy appendages at the rear end of the body (see caterpillar).
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-worm.html (537 words)

	Clams (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Clams used in New England clam chowder feed by drawing water into the shell and passing that water over gills made up of hundreds of delicate filaments.
		In return for this cozy domestic arrangement, the bacteria feed the clam, but the precise way in which the clams obtain their nourishment from the symbiotic bacteria is not completely understood.
		Our worm lives within a flow of seawater generated by the beat of millions of minute cilia or hairs that line the external surfaces of the gills that lie in the mantle cavity of the clam.
	www.wm.edu /biology/linnaeuslocus/E2Clams.htm (533 words)

	Soft-shell clams: Setting research priorities
		Clam abundance in the eastern part of the state was very low during the last nine years, but is, for reasons that are not well understood, beginning to rebound.
		It is impossible to look at clams outside of a complete examination of their habitat: the structure and chemistry of mud itself, the impact of pollution on flats, the role of green algae, and the interactions with other species and fisheries.
		Clams have numerous predators such as moon snails, ribbon worms, bloodworms, sand worms, green crabs, Japanese crabs, and horseshoe crabs as well as seagulls and ducks.
	www.fishresearch.org /articles/2001/05/Clams.asp (945 words)

	U.S. EPA ESC Library Kids' Corner Concentration Game
		Clam worms live in the mud and sand at the bottom of the Chesapeake Bay.
		Clam worms are a major food source for fishes and crabs.
		Clam worms are not naturally pink in color.
	www.epa.gov /region3/esc/library/concent.htm (829 words)

	Clam Worm (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Clam worms can grow to 8" long and vary in color from opalescent green to coppery brown to red.
		They feed on algae and other invertebrates which they find by burrowing in the sand or mud.
		Clam worms are food for bottom feeding fish and crabs.
	omp.gso.uri.edu /discovery/biota/baclamwm.htm (46 words)

	clam - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Clam, common name for many species of bivalve mollusks that burrow wholly or partly into sand or mud by means of a hatchet-shaped muscular foot....
		Channel catfish are grown primarily in the southern and southeastern United States,...
		Geoduck, common name for a species of mollusk that lives in mud and sand at the bottoms of sheltered bays from Alaska to Mexico.
	ca.encarta.msn.com /clam.html (163 words)

	soft_shell_clams
		Clam landings are collected by town and this does not provide the detail on a cove-by-cove basis that is useful in clam management.
		Sub-legal or undersize wild clams (“seed”) are moved from areas of high densities where growth is slow or negligible (usually near the high tide mark) to areas of low clam densities (usually near the mid to low tide mark) where growth is faster.
		Belding, B.F. The soft-shelled clam fishery of Massachusetts.
	www.state.me.us /dmr/research/soft_shell_clams.htm (8857 words)

	worm — FactMonster.com
		, the clam worm, and the feather duster worm belong to the latter group.
		Diet of Worms - Worms, Diet of, 1521, most famous of the imperial diets held at Worms, Germany.
		Concordat of Worms - Worms, Concordat of, 1122, agreement reached by Pope Calixtus II and Holy Roman Emperor Henry V to...
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/sci/A0852747.html (456 words)

	Specimen Plates
		Blood Clam - Noetia ponderosa, a thick shelled clam with bright red blood, lives in sandy bottoms off barrier islands in the Gulf of Mexico.
		It scavenges on worms, small clams, fish, etc. and is a favorite food of ridley sea turtles.
		Clam Worm - Nerels limbata, the "ideal" polychaete worm used in research laboratories and school classrooms to demonstrate metamerism - the division of the body into segmented parts arranged in a linear series internally and externally.
	www.gulfspecimen.org /SpecPlates2.html (278 words)

	"Clam Worm Fundamentals" from Ken Abrames' Striper Moon: Articles Archive
		Fishing the clam worm hatch has been a learning curve for me. There are lots of different parts to it and they change depending on the locations you fish, the types of worms that are present, and the flies and methods you choose to fish the worm hatch with.
		Each location where worms swarm has its own unfolding rhythm and some are quite different than others as to time of day, sizes and types of worms, locations and activity of worms (how they move), how the fish feed on them and much more.
		When the water is moving, as in a tidal river, the fish do not swim to the worms to feed, they hold on station and wait for the current to bring the worms to their position.
	www.stripermoon.com /archive/arc3.html (2093 words)

	Mud Flats: Life Under the Mud (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The end of the bent-nose clam that is on top is 'bent' up (thus their name) to orient the siphons to the surface.
		The siphon of this clam is so large that it cannot be withdrawn inside the two shells and may constitute half the weight of the living clam.
		The worm presses its body against the sides of the tunnel and a wave of peristalsis moves the pressed body back, again and again.
	www.biosbcc.net /ocean/marinesci/03ecology/mfunder.htm (1640 words)

	New Jersey Scuba Diver - Marine Biology - Worms & Worm-like Creatures
		There are many types of worms, but most species are either too small or too secretive to be found by casual scuba divers.
		Worms like this can be found anywhere from tidal flats to deep depths, burrowed in the sediment or hiding in crevices.
		They are mollusks similar to clams, with worm-like bodies that live in saltwater or brackish water.
	www.njscuba.net /biology/sw_worms.html (1535 words)

	Razor Clam: Wildlife Notebook Series - Alaska Department of Fish and Game (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The Arctic razor clam is found in southern Cook Inlet westward to the Bering Sea and Siberia.
		Although an exact count of the number of eggs contained in a female razor clam is not possible, some researchers have estimated that number at somewhere between 300 thousand and 118.5 million.
		These cysts are one of the intermediate stages in the life cycle of a parasitic nematode (round worm) of the common skate.
	www.adfg.state.ak.us /pubs/notebook/shellfsh/razrclam.php (973 words)

	Oceanlink \| marine sciences education and fun
		Bamboo worms are members of a family of polychaete worms called Chaetopteridae and are found in rocky subtidal habitats.
		Often when there is a disturbance, bamboo worms will contract so that their bodies are located near the bottom of the tube, leaving the empty top part of the tube to be broken off and washed away, or eaten by a predator.
		The posterior portion of each worm was probably an "epitoke", a gamete-filled sequence of segments, that suddenly breaks apart releasing the gametes in the thick of the frenzy of worms.
	oceanlink.island.net /ask/annelida.html (1828 words)

	Saltwater Scene for May 15, 1999
		It would be wise to have a few worm patterns in your saltwater flybox just in case you encounter the little devils which commonly inhabit silted backwaters and salt ponds.
		A striper can be as selective as a brown trout during a baetis hatch when clam worms are evident in numbers, so be prepared for some challenging fishing conditions.
		While were on the subject of clam worms, a new fly pattern that I am employing seems to be very successful and is simple to tie.
	www.thelowerforty.com /saltwater/sw051599.htm (550 words)

	Coastal Flora & Fauna
		This worm is a benthic (bottom-dwelling) organism commonly found among oyster beds and along docks, crawling around other organisms such as sea squirts, barnacles, and algae.
		Surprisingly the clam worm feeds on surface detritus and is a very generalized feeder.
		Our clam worm is not a burrower like the Samoan version and can be found if you look closely at the organisms attached to a dock.
	www.uga.edu /aquarium/nature/florafauna.html (6060 words)

	Science News for Kids: Snapshot: Worm Jaws Have Metal Power
		The jaws of marine worms, in particular, are incredibly strong.
		Worm jaws, on the other hand, are made mostly of protein.
		The more zinc a part of the jaw has, the researchers found, the harder and stiffer it is. Even so, clam worms have softer jaws than bloodworms, which thrust their jaws into prey to inject venom.
	www.sciencenewsforkids.org /articles/20030806/Note2.asp (357 words)

	What's That Bug: Planaria, Worms
		It is often referred to as a ragworm or sandworm, or simply as the clam worm, but these terms can all refer to any one of a number of other species of the genus Nereis (or indeed to other polychaetes).
		A common name of nematomorphs is gordian worm, which originated from its similarity in appearance to a knot, specifically one created by Gordius, king of Phrygia around 330 B.C. As the mythical story goes, Gordius used this knot to bind a chariot to a pole.
		It is a land planariun and is slender and brown.
	www.whatsthatbug.com /worms.html (3147 words)

	Giant Clam - Search Results - ninemsn Encarta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Giant Clam, huge clam occurring widely in shallow waters on coral reefs throughout the tropical Indian and Pacific Oceans.
		Small marine fossils (such as clams, small plants, sharks’ teeth, and seashells) are frequently found in chalk; somewhat rarer are fossils of large...
		- large species of clam: an extremely large clam, weighing as much as 230kg500 lb.
	au.encarta.msn.com /Giant_Clam.html (118 words)

	Washington's Coast: Animals - Razor Clam (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The Pacific Razor Clam, Saliqua Patula, can be found on the broad, sandy, surf-swept beaches of Washington's outer coast between the Columbia River and Point Grenville.
		Using a sucker disk, the worm hangs on the clam's siphon and collects food as it circulates in.
		The worm is not considered harmful to the clam.
	www.ecy.wa.gov /programs/sea/coast/animals/razor_clam.html (439 words)

	Polychaete - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Polychaeta or Polychaetes are a class of annelid worms, generally marine, with a pair of fleshy protrusions on each body segment called parapodia that bear many bristles, called setae, which are made of chitin.
		One notable polychaete, the Pompeii worm (Alvinella pompejana) is endemic to the hydrothermal vents of the Pacific Ocean.
		Lamellibrachia luymesi is a cold seep tube worm that reaches lengths of over 3 meters and may be the most long lived animal at over 250 years old.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Polychaeta (364 words)

	Benthic Habitat Mapping - Touch Tank
		Because they are such efficient filter feeders, hard clams can absorb pollutants, bacteria, and viruses in polluted waters.
		This plant is negatively impacted by the spread of several invasive species, including Eurasian milfoil in colder waters, and hydrilla in warmer waters.
		Capitellid thread worms are one of the first groups of animals to re-colonize an area impacted by dredge spoil dumping or by an oil spill.
	www.csc.noaa.gov /benthic/resources/species/species.php (389 words)

	Maine Fly Fishing - 1/4/05 Spring Stripers by Kenney A
		A lot of times people refer to bloodworms when discussing small 2-inch worms and clam worms when discussing larger 6-inch worms.
		There are a number of species in this group including green worms and pale worms that appear to be the same aside from their coloration.
		He was saying the worm diggers make some pretty good money.
	maineflyfish.com /forum/topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=980 (257 words)

	NPWRC :: Classification of Wetlands and Deepwater Habitats
		1977), chironomid midge-caddisfly-snail Chironomus-Hydropsyche-Physa (Krecker and Lancaster 1933), the pond snail Lymnaea, the mayfly Baetis, the freshwater sponge Eunapius, the oligochaete worm Lumbriculus, the scud Gammarus, and the freshwater mollusks Anodonta, Elliptio, and Lampsilis.
		Examples of Dominance Types for the Marine and Estuarine Systems include the terebellid worm Amphitrite, the boring clam Platyodon, the deep-sea scallop Placopecten, the quahog Mercenaria, the macoma Macoma, the echiurid worm Urechis, the mud snail Nassarius, and the sea cucumber Thyone.
		Examples of Dominance Types for Estuarine and Marine Systems are the soft-shell clam Mya, the false angel wing Petricola pholadiformis, the clam worm Nereis, and the mud snail Nassarius.
	www.npwrc.usgs.gov /resource/wetlands/classwet/unconsol.htm (826 words)

	The Conqueror Worm: Study Guide
		Whether the worm is an evil creature that swallows sinful man into hell is open to interpretation.
		Poe's gigantic, blood-red worm with deadly jaws was, of course, a creation of his macabre imagination.
		However, it does have a basis in reality—in the form of the clam worm (also called rag worm).
	www.cummingsstudyguides.net /Guides2/Worm.html (1448 words)

	Chapter 2: What is a worm? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		We weren't sure what species the clams belonged to when we saw them on the seafloor, but they were so abundant, we knew it was important to sample and study them.
		Once the clams were on deck, we took them into the lab and opened a few to see what they looked like on the inside.
		Members of this family are common at deep-sea hydrothermal vents and at cold seeps and they are remarkable in that they obtain their nourishment from symbiotic bacteria housed in their gills.
	www.wm.edu /biology/linnaeuslocus/E2.htm (322 words)

	Phylum Annelida - Gulf Specimen Marine Laboratories
		The worm itself is brilliantly irridescent in the sunlight and has well developed mouth parts.
		An-450 CLAM WORM, Nereis limbata, (or other nereids), the representative polychaete with large jaws and well developed parapods.
		A small serpulid worm that secretes a twisted, white lime tube on pieces of shell, rock or seaweed.
	www.gulfspecimen.org /PhylumAnnelida.html (335 words)

	NPWRC :: Classification of Wetlands and Deepwater Habitats
		Examples of Dominance Types in the Marine and Estuarine Systems are the wedge shell Donax, the soft-shell clam Mya, the quahog Mercenaria, the olive shell Oliva, the blood worm Euzonus, the beach hopper Orchestia, the pismo clam Tivela stultorum, the mole crab Emerita, and the lugworm Arenicola.
		Mud Shores support diverse populations of tube-dwelling and burrowing invertebrates that include worms, clams, and crustaceans (Gray 1974).
		In the Lacustrine, Palustrine, and Riverine Systems, examples of Dominance Types are the fingernail clam Pisidium, the snails Aplexa and Lymaea, the crayfish Procambarus, the harpacticoid copepods Canthocamptus and Bryocamptus, the fingernail clam Sphaerium, the freshwater mollusk Elliptio, the shore bug Saldula, the isopod Asellus, the crayfish Cambarus, and the mayfly Tortopus.
	www.npwrc.usgs.gov /resource/wetlands/classwet/uncoshor.htm (896 words)

	UCSB researchers test metal of lowly worm (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		But he has one thing in common with the tiny marine clam worm, according to UCSB researchers: jaws of metal.
		Galen Stucky and Herbert Waite found concentrations of zinc in load-bearing areas of the worms’ mouths, leading them to speculate that the metal acts as a strengthener.
		Bloodworms have copper in their fangs, which resist abrasion as well as human teeth and better than clam worm jaws.
	www.scbeacon.com /beacon_issues/03_08_07/worm.html (266 words)

	ADW: Polychaeta: Information (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Polychaetes include such forms as sand worms, tube worms, and clam worms.
		Some, such as featherduster worms, are sedentary, living in tubes buried in sand or mud, and feed by trapping food particles in mucus or by ciliary action.
		Others, such as the clam worm, are active, mobile predators that capture prey in jaws attached to their pharynges.
	animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu.cob-web.org:8888 /annelida/polychaeta.html (326 words)

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