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Topic: Clandestine Colombian Communist Party

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	Colombian Communist Party - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Colombian Communist Party (in Spanish: Partido Comunista Colombiano) is the legal Communist party of Colombia.
		As a result, a separate Clandestine Colombian Communist Party was officially formed in 2000, though some sort of separate FARC-based party structure had been in de facto existence during most of the 1990's.
		Generals in the Colombian Army contributing to druglords, paramilitaries and death squads have also frequently been brought to justice, as said actions are in flagrant violation to Colombian law.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Colombian_Communist_Party (366 words)

	The Scourge of Colombian Paramilitarism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Modern private paramilitarism is characterized by the clandestine collaboration of private armies and the Colombian military for counterinsurgency purposes.
		The Colombian military established paramilitary forces and in 1965 the arming of civilians gained legal status with presidential Decree 3398, stating that to put down the insurgency Colombia needed "the organization and tasking of all of the residents of the country." In 1968, Law 48 made this presidential decree permanent law.
		In the Colombian armed conflict, the paramilitary forces are not unique, but certainly excessive, in their targeting of the civilian population.
	www.zmag.org /interactive/content/display_item.cfm?itemID=1658 (4160 words)

	When Castro Became a Communist
		On the one part, there appeared the Communist Parties, "facade organizations." On the other part, there were those agents directly linked to the Moscow regime who never were registered with the red groups in their countries of origin.
		Augusto Duran, the Secretary General of the Colombian Communist Party, was accused of negligence.
		The uprising was engineered and staged by Communists, and the Colombian Government and Colombia press subsequently published documentary evidence of Fidel Castro's role as a leader in the rioting which virtually gutted the Colombian capital.
	www.latinamericanstudies.org /diaz-verson.htm (7187 words)

	News Agency New Colombia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		They moved towards the Colombian Communist Party which was basically an urban party but had made some overtures to the peasantry.
		A third issue is to expose the human rights abuses and to connect the paramilitaries with the Colombian state and unmask the political discourse of Pastrana who talks peace and prepares for war.
		In order to maintain this phoney two party system, which is really a one party system with two expressions, they have to intensify their repression and engage in assassinations which keep their system going.
	www.pepeace.org /current_reprints/08/Behind_Colombia_Civil_War.htm (2675 words)

	Colombia's Killer Networks: The Military - Paramilitary Partnership and the United States
		A series of clashes between the Liberal and Conservative parties in the 19th century established a pattern that would echo for another century: political differences, economic competition, and personal vendettas that escalate into violence either ignored or actively abetted by the central government.
		Within the Colombian army, one of the main proponents of engaging the "internal enemy" of communism with these methods was Gen. Alberto Ruiz Novoa, whose cold war experience included a stint as the commander of the Colombia Battalion in Korea from 1952-1953.
		Paramilitaries were an integral part of their counterattack on guerrillas as well as what the U.S. Yarborough team identified as "known communist proponents." 25 However, in Colombia, that came to mean both real and suspected guerrilla supporters, including government critics, trade unionists, community organizers, opposition politicians, civic leaders, and human rights activists.
	www.hrw.org /reports/1996/killer2.htm (4948 words)

	Political Terrorism Database \| Latin America
		Originally the FPMR was founded in 1983 as the armed wing of the Chilean Communist Party and was named for the hero of Chile's war of independence against Spain.
		On the night of April 30, 1997 FPMR held a clandestine press conference in Santiago to announce it is leaving the armed struggle and seeking to become a legal political organization.
		Colombian National Police reported the AUC conducted 804 assassinations, 203 kidnappings, and 75 massacres with 507 victims during the first 10 months of 2000.
	mastrapa.home.mindspring.com /ptd/ptd_latin_america.html (1368 words)

	Brandon W (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		These armed nuclei of peasants and communists fought primarily against Conservative intruders, and were largely pacified during the amnesties by General Rojas in 1953.
		Although they were a foquista movement that was clearly allied with the Colombian Communist Party in the early years, it was the PCC who jumped aboard the FARC bandwagon, and who could not control the FARC.
		While guerrilla networks and their support bases are a type of clandestine physical network, they are not dominated by the "info-world," nor are they merely an identity-based organization.
	www.craniumnexus.net /farc.htm (5856 words)

	Friends of Ulster- USA - IRA trains FARC Colombian Rebel Narco Terrorists Ulster Protestant Movement for Justice
		The foco theory insisted that a Communist revolution could be inspired by taking to the mountains, instructing the natives on the importance of overthrowing the regime, and then coming down from the mountains to take the cities.
		The Colombian police have reviewed their records and found that the same three IRA operatives have repeatedly entered the country since 1991.
		Colombian groups such as FARC have long been known to contract military experts and terrorists from overseas, with European terrorist organizations reported to have often brokered such deals.
	www.ulsterflash.iofm.net /upmj.htm (7767 words)

	TNI Publications (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Throughout the 1980s, UP party members and candidates were targeted for political violence, including threats and assassinations, to such an extent that the party was inoperative by the early 1990s.
		The fact that Colombian security forces were accused of tolerating the creation and operations of paramilitary groups funded by drug trafficking helped neutralize the "narcoguerrilla" argument that was taking shape in the wake of then-US Ambassador in Bogotá Lewis Tambs' statements charging collusion between guerrillas and drug traffickers.
		The Colombian military's recent decision to engage fully in the anti-drug war resuscitates the old concept of the relationship between drug trafficking and the insurgency.
	www.tni.org /archives/vargas/farc.htm (5716 words)

	Real IRA
		The basic difference between these two trends lay in the different emphases placed on “party” and “class,” on the “organized, aware avant-garde” and the “spontaneity of the masses.” The Marxist-Leninists clung to Lenin’s doctrine that the party clearly came first.
		Although they were aware of the importance of the party as an essential stage in the revolutionary process, they stressed the importance of political organization and political awareness among the “maturing” working class, thereby reversing the Leninist relationship between party and class.
		Established in 1966 as military wing of Colombian Communist Party.
	www.eyespymag.com /terrorgroupsR.htm (3285 words)

	IWP - Printer-friendly News
		This includes non-communist operations and movements, for communist parties and governments always stand ready to exploit disorder in Europe, the Middle East, Latin America and elsewhere, however and by whomever it is fomented.
		Put differently, if communist governments and political groupings, of one ideological emphasis or another, were to cease terrorist activity and assistance, the present wave of international terrorism would be quashed.
		By contrast, post-Soviet Russia (including its old Communist Party bureaucracy and politicized security and military forces), as well as Communist China, have opened their inventories to terrorist regimes while claiming to be allies in the war against terrorism.
	www.iwp.edu /printVersion/print_news.asp?newsID=54 (8242 words)

	Background to the Colombian conflict (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Other bands, connected to the Liberal or Communist parties, saw their struggle as a defence of the rights of poor peasants.
		Eventually the two parties of the oligarchy buried the hatchet and organised a power sharing arrangement, by then with little to differentiate between them after the Liberals’ small step to the left died with Gaitán.
		Both Colombia’s main parties are well connected to the wealthy elite who benefit from this social inequality and are likely to be reluctant to concede any demands of the latter type.
	members.optusnet.com.au /~ropearce/texts/126.shtml (1430 words)

	PARAMETERS, US Army War College Quarterly - Summer 2000
		Among the noteworthy aspects of this attack were the use of a mock-up of the objective for guerrilla rehearsals, the infiltration of guerrillas among the soldiers of the army garrison, and the use of mortars and explosive breaching charges.
		Overall, the Colombian civil war is thought to have claimed 35,000 lives over the last ten years.[33] The conditions of violence and lawlessness in the countryside have exacerbated the traditional patterns of urban migration.
		These mayors attend clandestine meetings, implement policies that are favorable to the insurgency, and on occasion even divert government funds to the guerrillas.[39] Far from insulating the population from insurgent influence, the regime has been incapable of protecting its own grass-roots infrastructure.
	www.carlisle.army.mil /usawc/parameters/00summer/franco.htm (3736 words)

	DEA Resources, For Law Enforcement Officers, Intelligence Reports, Drugs and Terrorism: A New Perspective (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		While on the surface, he was nothing more than a street thug who became successful by trafficking in cocaine, Escobar had political aspirations and strove to project the appearance of legitimacy, claiming his wealth was the result of real estate investments.
		The FARC emerged in 1964 as the military wing of the Colombian Communist Party, with the goal of overthrowing the government and the ruling class of Colombia.
		According to the U.S. Department of State, the United States is party to all 12 conventions and protocols.
	www.usdoj.gov /dea/pubs/intel/02039/02039.html (2636 words)

	Workers World Jan. 13, 2005: Colombian rebel leader extradited to U.S.
		He had been there to accomplish a clandestine mission requested by the FARC: to find a suitable place for a meeting with United Nations Secretary General Kofi Annan and other international personalities to work out a solution for the return of the FARC's prisoners of war through a humanitarian prisoner exchange.
		The Patriotic Union (UP) was an effort by the FARC and the Colombian Com munist Party to form a broad alternative party that would include all sectors that had suffered under the dictatorship of Liberals and Conservatives and achieve peace and social justice.
		It was launched on May 28, 1985, as a result of the peace accords between the FARC and Colombian President Belisario Betan court.
	www.workers.org /world/2005/colombia0113.php (1029 words)

	Zenit News Agency - The World Seen From Rome (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Catholics who are loyal to the Communist regime have been able to hear the reading of documents being prepared to reach an agreement but without the ability to ask questions.
		To accomplish this, the destruction of seminaries and convents, re-education, forced labor, and the isolation of unyielding priests and bishops are all foreseen.
		A priest of the clandestine Church, which is not authorized by the government, can at least secretly visit the faithful.
	www.zenit.org /english/archive/9911/ZE991111.html (5525 words)

	The Influence of Partisan Guerrilla Warfare
		The Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia (FARC) was formed as part of the “Southern Bloc” of the Second Guerrilla Conference in 1966.1 In a country racked by an unofficial war since the late 1940s, FARC was one of several infant guerrilla groups formed in Colombia during the 1960s.
		The Federation of American Scientists describes FARC as the “military wing of the Colombian Communist Party.”2 FARC has deep roots in peasant struggles going back to the 1920s and has become “the largest, best trained, and best equipped guerrilla organization in Colombia.”3 But times are tough for the guerrillas.
		Recently, Colombian President Pastrana ordered the military to retake the Switzerland-sized territory from FARC, a move which seemed to coincide with the US’s war on terror and with Pastrana’s exasperation in the face of failed peace talks.
	www.loyno.edu /history/journal/Barreto.htm (3055 words)

	COLOMBIAWAR.ORG - War on Drugs and Human Rights in Colombia
		Perhaps all of these would help the Colombians reach their objective, once this was spelled out clearly enough for them to make them willingly risk their lives to attain it.
		Should it be determined by the Colombian Government that it is desired to retain SIC interest in the intelligence field, the same individual may be the senior advisor to the SIC, and in any case should assist in planning the reduction of Communist infiltration in this organization.
		Advisors not identified as US employees could, by terms of their "cover" arrangements with the Colombian Government, be placed under the general supervision of the chief of the appropriate US mission.
	www.icdc.com /~paulwolf/colombia/planlazosurveyteams.htm (1694 words)

	AllRefer.com - Peru - Introduction \| Peruvian Information Resource
		This process was accelerated in the 1980s as mainly Quechua-speaking highlanders fled the growing violence of the Maoist-oriented Communist Party of Peru-Shining Path (Partido Comunista del Perú- Sendero Luminoso--PCP-SL, hereafter SL) and the army's harsh counterinsurgency measures.
		Fujimori won the 1990 elections in large measure because his army of unpaid volunteers ran a grassroots campaign that garnered 70 percent of the vote in the working-class districts of Lima.
		He maintained that the country's political party system was basically undemocratic because the parties were dominated by professional cliques (cúpulas), who restricted membership and imposed their handpicked candidates for elective posts from closed lists (listas cerradas).
	reference.allrefer.com /country-guide-study/peru/peru10.html (10395 words)

	Colombia's Killer Networks: The Military - Paramilitary Partnership and the United States
		Comité Regional para la Defensa de los Derechos Humanos, Regional Committee for the Defense of Human Rights, a Colombian human rights group that covers the Middle Magdalena region and is based in Barrancabermeja, in the department of Santander.
		Movimiento de Restoración Nacional, National Restoration Movement, a short-lived political party linked to paramilitaries in the Middle Magdalena region.
		In Colombia, paramilitary has come to mean a clandestine organization of armed individuals, which can include active duty and retired military officers, who work in close coordination with the security forces.
	www.hrw.org /reports/1996/killergl.htm (824 words)

	Clandestine Radio Watch 035
		ARMY 'PLAYS HOST' TO TURKISH CLANDESTINE An anti-PKK station known as Voice of the Euphrates is believed to broadcast from a Trukish army base in the southeast of the country, acording to the Milliyet newspaper.
		IRAQ Amin Osman of the of the Voice of Iraqi Communist People (Iraqi Communist Party station) tells Cumbre DX that their Arabic program is from 1930-2030 and 7-8 local on 4000 kHz.
		Eugen Nicolicea, of the Social Democracy Party, told the Bucharest parliament that the authorization of the broadcasts by the Romanian government violated the country's audiovisual law.
	www.schoechi.de /crw/crw035.html (8300 words)

	Colombia
		Colombia is a constitutional, multiparty democracy in which the Liberal and Conservative parties have long dominated politics.
		In 1998 citizens elected President Andres Pastrana of the Conservative Party and a bicameral legislature controlled by the Liberal Party in generally free, fair, and transparent elections, despite attempts at intimidation and fraud by paramilitary groups, guerrillas, and narcotics traffickers.
		The Federation of Colombian Municipalities reported the kidnaping of at least 10 mayors, (3 by guerrilla groups, the rest by unidentified groups) during the year (see Section 3).
	www.state.gov /g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2001/wha/8326.htm (18397 words)

	When Castro Became A Communist (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		He was a ring-leader in the bloody uprising in Bogota, Colombia in April, 1948, which occurred (and obviously was planned by the Kremlin) just at the time when the Pan-American Conference was being held in that capital, with no less a person than Secretary of State George C. Marshall present.
		Under a new constitution, Castro becomes head of the government as of President of the Council of Ministers, commander of the armed forces, and First Secretary of the communist party.
		The Fourth Communist Party Congress resolves to allow members of religious groups to join the party.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/f-news/952836/posts (12016 words)

	Arianna Online Forums - The Republican Party Today: Why the World Hates Us, Part 10 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Then Ted pretended to retire, a classic feint by clandestine operatives, so that he could take part in the October Surprise which resulted in the American hostages in Iran being held until Reagan had won the 1980 elections.
		Moments after Reagan triumphed the hostages were released predicated on the notion that Reagan and his people were out of control and would take decisive action against Iran.
		When told that a rough tally showed that only a very tiny percentage of the thousands of people he killed were communists in any sense of the word, Shackley just shrugged and said, "What I mean by 'communist' is anyone who doesn't give me what I want immediately.
	www.ariannaonline.com /forums/showthread.php?t=10094 (960 words)

	Terrorist Organizations
		India, it is not connected to a political party.
		Party of the Philippines (CPP) to overthrow the government of
		Party to replace the current government with a Marxist regime.
	www.worldstatesmen.org /Terrorist.html (3474 words)

	When Castro Became A Communist : The Impact on US-Cuba Policy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Whether Fidel was a Communist or not, one thing that is clear is that he hid his cards very well from a lot of Cuban people before he consolidated power.
		However, the late fifties was a time when the idea of Communists lurking around every corner was seen as ludicrous by most folks -- the tin-foil hat attitude that you see ridiculed here.
		No one wanted to believe Castro was a communist, and when the media told us he wasn't, we bought that too.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/f-news/585415/posts (5381 words)

	CNN.com - Colombian unions ready strike against government austerity - August 2, 2000
		Despite signs of the economy is recovering, urban unemployment was at a record 20.4 percent, or about 1.6 million people, at the end of June -- the highest in the hemisphere.
		Thursday's strike, organized by Communist Party union bosses, is the first since the Soviet-inspired Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC), the country's largest guerrilla group, launched a clandestine political organization known as the Bolivarian Movement For A New Colombia.
		The movement, which top military brass have described as a "party for war," is designed to forge closer ties between the armed revolutionary "vanguard" and civilian mass organizations such as unions, student groups and neighborhood committees.
	archives.cnn.com /2000/WORLD/americas/08/02/colombia.strike.reut (641 words)

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