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	Clara Lemlich - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Clara Lemlich Shavelson (January 1, 1886 – July 12, 1982) was a leader of the Uprising of 20,000, the massive strike of shirtwaist workers in New York's garment industry in 1909.
		Lemlich was born in the Ukraine, near Kishinev.
		Lemlich became involved in the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union and was elected to the executive board of Local 25 of the ILG.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Clara_Lemlich (1659 words)

	Welcome to Page One - Your Independent Internet Bookstore (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Lemlich was headed downtown, toward the crowded, teeming immigrant precincts of the Lower East Side, but it is not likely that she was headed home.
		Lemlich’s childhood corresponded with a period of enormous upheaval for Eastern European Jews, a time, as Gerald Sorin has written, “of great turmoil, but, also, [of] effervescence.” The traditions of shtetl life eroded under a wave of youthful radicalism, which erupted in response to the traumatic decline of the Russian monarchy.
		Clara Lemlich was not content simply to work while her brothers studied and prayed.
	www.page1book.com /perl/excerpt.pl?ISBN=0-87113-874-3 (1924 words)

	NJJN - A woman of valor — and audacity
		The meeting of Local 25 of the International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union — a local that Lemlich and her fellow workers helped organize — was called to discuss the pros and cons of a general strike by “shirtwaist,” or blouse, makers.
		Still, the spirit of Lemlich and her fellow farbrente maydlach shines through the book and provides a redemptive counterweight to the stories of the 146 victims of the Triangle fire.
		Lemlich’s memory was recently invoked in a news release from Jewish Women Watching, the anonymous group of feminist activists, announcing their demonstration last week in front of United Jewish Communities headquarters in New York.
	www.njjewishnews.com /njjn.com/2004/10104/edcolvalor.html (836 words)

	publish.nyc.indymedia.org \| Jewish Labor Activists Zap Scab Symposium at NYU (Press Release)
		Members of the Clara Lemlich Group for Radical Heat (KHL) pointed out that asking scholars to cross their colleagues’ picket line to honor Ansky, a strong and lifelong supporter of the labor movement, was an insult to both the writer’s memory and the striking teachers.
		Members of the Clara Lemlich Group pointed out that asking scholars to cross their colleagues’ picket line to honor Ansky, a strong and lifelong supporter of the labor movement, was an insult to both the writer’s memory and the striking teachers.
		Lemlich, a rank-and-file shirtwaist worker, defied her union's accomodationist leaders and made the strike call that brought thousands of mainly Jewish and Italian women into the streets to shut down sweatshops throughout New York.
	nyc.indymedia.org /es/2006/02/64714.shtml (597 words)

	MACHAR, The Washington Congregation for Secular Humanistic Judaism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Clara was quickly disappointed by her first job in a New York garment shop.
		That's when Clara jumped to her feet calling out in Yiddish: "I want to say a few words." After making her way to the platform, Clara said: "I have listened to all of the speakers.
		Clara Lemlich continued to organize women for the rest of her life.
	www.machar.org /bm_clemlich.html (1672 words)

	Clara Lemlich: biography and encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Lemlich was born in the Ukraine (A republic in southeastern Europe; formerly a European soviet; the center of the original Russian state which came into existence in the ninth century)
		Lemlich was able to find a job in the garment industry upon her arrival in New York, Exception Handler: No article summary found.
		Lemlich became involved in the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union[for more, click this link] and was elected to the executive board of Local 25 of the ILG.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /ref/clara_lemlich (3046 words)

	UFCW \| Shirtwaist Workers' Strike cont.
		Clara was one of the founders of Local 25, whose membership was only a few hundred, mostly female, shirtwaist and dressmakers.
		Tired of hearing speakers for more than two hours, Clara made her way to the stage, shouting, "I want to say a few words!" in Yiddish.
		Clara Lemlich became a full-time activist, after being fllisted by the garment industry association, and founded a working-class suffrage group.
	www.ufcw.org /get_a_union/ufcw_works_for_you/strike.cfm (1104 words)

	Educational Media Reviews Online (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The `spark that ignited the strike' according to historian Alice Kessler-Harris, Clara Lemlich was among the early feminist activists who championed human rights and dignity.
		Thirsting for knowledge Clara used the resources at a New York Public Library to read all she could on socialism and trade unionism.
		Along with her diary are audiotapes of an older Clara (she died at age 94) still promoting political activism and imbuing that spirit in her offspring.
	libweb.lib.buffalo.edu /emro/emroDetail.asp?Number=2203 (370 words)

	Clara Lemlich
		Clara Lemlich, a fledgling union organizer, thus launched the 'Uprising of the 20,000,' when, two days later, garment workers walked out of shops all over the city, effectively bringing production to a halt.
		Lemlich's story is movingly recounted through interviews with her daughter and grandchildren, dramatic readings from her diary, family photos and archival footage, strike songs in Yiddish, an interview with labor historian Alice Kessler-Harris, a visit to the Lower East Side Tenement Museum, and excerpts from silent films of the era.
		In addition to its biographical portrait, CLARA LEMLICH also chronicles the historic ILGWU strike, which demonstrated to the male leadership that women could be good union members and strikers.
	www.frif.com /new2005/clar.html (439 words)

	[Videonews] New Release CLARA LEMLICH: A STRIKE LEADER'S DIARY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Clara Lemlich thus launched the=20 'Uprising of the 20,000,' when, two days later, garment workers walked out= =20 of shops all over the city, effectively bringing production to a halt.
		First Run/Icarus Films is proud to announce the release CLARA LEMLICH: A=20 STRIKE LEADER'S DIARY which recounts the life of the Ukrainian-born= immigrant.
		In addition to its biographical portrait, CLARA LEMLICH also chronicles the= =20 historic ILGWU strike, which demonstrated to the male leadership that women= =20 could be good union members and strikers.
	www.lib.berkeley.edu /pipermail/videonews/2005-October/001178.html (427 words)

	Jewish Publication Society: Garment Workers: The Fight for Labor Rights
		Clara Lemlich became an active union supporter, described by a union leader as "a pint of trouble for the bosses."
		The police did little to prevent the violence … During one attack in mid-November Clara and two other young women were so badly beaten the police had to rush them to a hospital.
		The brave struggle of Clara Lemlich and the other women workers is known as the "Uprising of the Twenty Thousand." By February 15, 1910, it was over.
	www.jewishpub.org /about/garment_workers.php (726 words)

	Red Letter Days: International women's day
		Clara Lemlich was to become one of the strike leaders--at 19 she had already been arrested 17 times.
		On the eve of the strike, at a packed and angry meeting in Cooper Union, she demanded to be heard, having had enough of the platform of leaders preaching caution.
		Lemlich spoke in Yiddish, the native tongue of the majority of shirtwaist workers: 'I have listened to all the speakers and have no further patience for talk.
	pubs.socialistreviewindex.org.uk /sr239/orr.htm (899 words)

	20,000 Women Strike for Worker's Rights / Women 's Leadership in America History
		Clara Lemlich: the young woman whose speech sparked the strike.
		Early last century, New York City was the center of the country’s clothing industry and Manhattan’s Lower East Side was where workers toiled in dangerous sweatshops producing ready-to-wear clothing.
		Women were already on strike at the Triangle and Leiserson factories and after Samuel Gompers and other men gave uninspiring speeches, Clara Lemlich asked to be heard.
	www1.cuny.edu /portal_ur/content/womens_leadership/20000women.html (302 words)

	Big Apple History . New York Living . Workers Unite \| PBS KIDS GO!
		Pauline Newman and Clara Lemlich had much in common: both were young immigrant Jewish women who grew up quickly on the Lower East Side.
		Suddenly, from the audience, Clara Lemlich stood up and walked to the stage.
		All winter long, women like Pauline and Clara walked the picket lines and crisscrossed the city raising funds to support the strikers.
	pbskids.org /bigapplehistory/life/topic12.html (301 words)

	Personal Information for Clara Lemlich Shavelson
		Biographical Information: Clara Lemlich Shavelson spent her long life fighting for trade unions, women's suffrage, peace, and fair housing and food practices.
		Born in the Ukraine, Clara became a committed communist in her teens.
		After immigrating to the Lower East Side, Clara began working in a garment factory whose poor conditions led her to begin organizing women into the International Ladies Garment Workers Union.
	www.jwa.org /archive/jsp/perInfo.jsp?personID=1008 (279 words)

	JT's Homey Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Clara Lemlich — As she rose in her seat and faced the crowded Cooper Union Hall, she said ‘“I have listened to all the speakers, and I have no further patience to talk.
		Recognition of the union and deplorable overall conditions occurring was the reason for the decision to strike reached at the Cooper Union Meeting.
		Clara Lemlich, an experienced striker also helped make the strike a reality.
	web.njit.edu /~jxt1989 (2928 words)

	Texts \| Congregation Shir He Harim
		Clara worked for the Triangle Shirt Factory on the Lower East Side of New York early in the last century, in an industry with a monstrous history of disregard for worker conditions, and an industry where 70% of these garment workers were Jewish women.
		Clara’s story resonates with me because I see such sweatshops again and again in Bangladesh and other developing countries.
		Up to the podium walks nineteen year old Clara Lemlich, who begins speaking to the crowd in Yiddish, gradually working herself into a fury of denunciation, and appealing for united action against all the shirtwaist manufacturers.
	www.bajcvermont.org /texts/2003_erev_RH.shtml (2069 words)

	CTA \| California Educator
		She organized armies of women who with mops in one hand and their babies in the other kept watch on the mines around the clock so the company could not bring in scabs.
		In 1909, a young shirtwaist maker from New York named Clara Lemlich, who had been beaten savagely on the picket line, gave an impassioned speech in Yiddish demanding a general strike for better pay and decent hours.
		Her actions led to a walkout of all shirtwaist workers (mostly young girls), strikes by men's garment workers and the shutdown of the entire New York garment industry.
	www.cta.org /CaliforniaEducator/v10i6/InThisTogether.htm (817 words)

	Clara Lemlich's speech.(A Labour Minute)(Brief Article) - Briarpatch - HighBeam Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Clara Lemlich was a 20-year-old immigrant needle trades worker in New York City in the early 1900s.
		Because of miserable working conditions and starvation wages she and her co-workers had gone on strike for a better deal.
		She had to be helped to the stage because of her injuries.
	highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?docid=1G1:135180830&refid=ink_tptd_mag (373 words)

	The Sun Recalls a Garment Striker's Fate (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Fifteen-year-old shirtwaist worker Clara Lemlich, a Jewish immigrant from Russia, emerged as a key organizer and speaker.
		An unprovoked attack on Lemlich and her fellow female strikers by anti-union thugs was recorded by New York Sun correspondent McAlister Coleman.
		The girls, headed by teen-age Clara Lemlich, described by union organizers as a “pint of trouble for the bosses,” began singing Italian and Russian working-class songs as they paced in twos before the factory door.
	historymatters.gmu.edu /search.php?function=print&id=5659 (321 words)

	http://filmline.tv (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Nourished on the combats and experiences of that time and place, these movements were inscribed and incorporated into the American context.
		The film focuses on the story of Clara Lemlich, the leader and heroine of the strike, whose presence is constant throughout the film.
		She reads from her diary, a first-person account, not a mere chronicle of the strike but also the story of her day-to-day life in New York in the years 1905-1910.
	www.filmline.tv /docs/diary.htm (196 words)

	Socialist Worker page
		Clara Zetkin, a leading socialist and revolutionary in Germany, proposed the day at an international socialist conference in 1910.
		The date of 8 March was chosen because it commemorated a demonstration of some of the most exploited women workers in New York two years earlier.
		As one of the leaders of the strike, Clara Lemlich, explained, "They used to say you couldn't even organise women.
	www.socialistworker.co.uk /archive/1790/sw179017.htm (1450 words)

	publish.nyc.indymedia.org \| Jewish Labor Activists Zap NYU Scab Conference
		The Clara Lemlich Group zapped a Yiddish conference this weekend at still-striking NYU.
		Members of the Clara Lemlich Group pointed out that asking scholars to cross their colleagues’ picket line for an event in a field founded by supporters of labor movement was a remarkable act of disrespect to a great tradition of socially engaged scholarship.
		Weinreich, Ansky, and many of the other early ethnographers and linguists who began the modern study of Eastern European Jewish life, were supporters of labor and socialist movements including the General Union of Jewish Workers in Lithuania, Poland and Russia, better known as the Bund.
	nyc.indymedia.org /en/2006/02/65702.html (515 words)

	Talking points for March 20 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Some of the women who held the biggest roles in the strike were Clara Lemlich, Violet Pike, and Rose Schneiderman.
		Clara Lemlich is known as the "soul of the strike" and Rose Schneirderman continues to unite strikers.
		Perhaps the way in which to go about determining an answer to that question is to look to see who is not mentioned in the newspaper accounts.
	www.assumption.edu /acad/ii/Academic/history/Hi113net/Mar20.html (1351 words)

	About Us -- No Sweat -- Union-Made Casual Apparel
		In the winter of 1909-10, Clara Lemlich and her comrades acquired some surprising allies.
		Clara Lemlich started union organizing when she was fifteen.
		No stranger to violence on the picket lines, she had already been arrested seventeen times before she spoke at Cooper Union.
	nosweatapparel.com /news/article2.html (1871 words)

	The Uprising of 20,000 and the Triangle Shirtwaist Fire
		On Nov. 22, Local 25 of the International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union (ILGWU) convened a meeting to discuss a general strike.
		Nineteen-year-old Clara Lemlich was sitting in the crowd listening to the speakers—mostly men—caution against striking.
		Clara was one of the founders of Local 25, whose membership numbered only a few hundred, mostly female, shirtwaist and dressmakers.
	www.aflcio.org /aboutus/history/history/uprising_fire.cfm (1498 words)

	MyJewishLearning.com - History & Community: Jewish Women in the Labor Moveme
		Here it was that a nineteen‑year‑old worker, Clara Lemlich, rose to speak.
		And if one of us gets a new one, even if it hasn't cost more than 50 cents, that means that we have gone for weeks on two‑cent lunches‑-dry cake and nothing else.
		Indeed, the poignancy of a women's uprising, the first in American history, inspired three novels, each of them using Clara Lemlich as its pseudonymous heroine.
	www.myjewishlearning.com /history_community/Modern/Overview_The_Story_17001914/Socialism/Socialism_in_America/GreatRevolt.htm (1177 words)

	They saved pennies while workers died
		Picket line violence, instigated by hired thugs and the police, occurred daily.
		Clara Lemlich, one of the most famous strike leaders, had her ribs broken.
		It was Lemlich who stood up in a union meeting and made the motion for a general strike.
	www.socialistworker.org /2003-2/477/477_11_TriangleFire.shtml (355 words)

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