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Topic: Clarence Estuary

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	Clarence Valley Council (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The Governor of New South Wales proclaimed Clarence Valley Council (CVC) on the 25 February 2004.
		The Clarence Valley is part of the vibrant Northern Rivers region of NSW.
		Clarence Valley Council is approximately 300km from Brisbane and the growth centers of south-east Queensland and some 600km north of Sydney.
	www.clarence.nsw.gov.au /cmst/cvc001/lp.asp?cat=6 (1142 words)

	Region 2 - South of Evans Head to Woolgoolga - NSW DPI - Fisheries (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		A number of the estuaries in region 2 are within the boundaries of the Solitary Islands Marine Park and are managed in part by a comprehensive zoning scheme that protects sensitive areas, provides for continued use and reduces conflict amongst the users of the area.
		The expenditure associated with recreational fishing in the estuaries in region 2 is estimated to range from $6.3 million to $9.5 million per year.
		Estuaries such as those in region 2 are complex and valuable ecosystems subject to a wide range of human uses.
	www.fisheries.nsw.gov.au /recreational/general/recreational_fishing_havens/region_2_-_south_of_evans_head_to_woolgoolga (2754 words)

	AusEmade: Clarence Coast Travel Information and Attractions Guide, New South Wales (NSW), Australia
		The sub-tropical Clarence Coast is where the Clarence River meets the sea, Yamba and Iluka headlands.
		The Clarence River estuary, combined with more than 50 km of natural coastline, unspoilt beaches, national parks, World Heritage rainforest and a picturesque hinterland that make up this unique, diverse and pristine coastal environment, offers the visitor a great place to stay and enjoy.
		The second largest of all the islands in the Clarence region, it is situated close enough to the towns for easy access to all facilities, but far enough away to enjoy the seclusion and tranquillity.
	www.ausemade.com.au /nsw/destination/c/clarence-coast-attractions.htm (529 words)

	CRCC - Clarence Floodplain Project (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Through the Clarence Floodplain Project Steering Committee, the Council leads a team of landholders, fishers and government agencies who are working together to implement best practice in floodgate and infrastructure management to improve water quality, fish passage and habitat, wildlife habitat, wetland health and catchment systems while maintaining flood protection and productive farms.
		Clarence Floodplain Project activities are resourced by the CRCC, and the Department of Infrastructure, Planning and Natural Resources floodplain management program, which has assisted with state and federal funding to provide quality flood protection and ongoing reviews of environmental performance.
		As a result, the Clarence coastal floodplain is one of the first locations where a comprehensive approach to improved drainage management for an entire major estuary is being implemented in Australia.
	www.crcc.nsw.gov.au /cfp.htm (1307 words)

	Walkabout - Yamba
		Yamba is economically driven by its substantial fishing fleet (the Clarence River is a major source of the nation's seafood) and its capacity to draw those looking for a relatively quiet holiday destination beside the sea.
		Although the village had been gazetted as Yamba in 1864, 'Clarence River Heads' was the name the government bestowed upon the pilot station, post office, school and police station.
		The Lower Clarence Information Centre at Maclean can furnish information regarding deep-sea fishing charters, a self-drive tour of significant Aboriginal sites in the area, whale-watching cruises, farm and industry tours and the hiring-out of houseboats, fishing boats, surfskis, catamarans, sailboards, jet-skis, canoes, rowboats, motorboats, paddle boats and paddlebikes, tel: (02) 6645 4121.
	www.walkabout.fairfax.com.au /locations/NSWYamba.shtml (1737 words)

	Sub tropical systems
		Nutrient delivery to the estuary was split into two categories, during floods and other times of the year, and these two categories were treated differently.
		Four major nutrient sources to the estuaries were quantified (diffuse source loading, point source loading as urban runoff and sewage effluent and atmospheric deposition).
		The monthly nutrient loading to the three south-east Queensland estuaries from urban runoff was derived from Anonymous (1998).
	data.ecology.su.se /mnode/Australia/subtropical/subtropicalbuds.htm (1009 words)

	Clean Seas (Commonwealth Component) Program Projects: 12001-02 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		A reuse scheme was already established in the Brighton area to irrigate crops and a forestry plantation, however the demand was exceeding the amount available under the reuse scheme.
		From January to November 2000, approximately 630 Ml of treated effluent and 40 Ml of stormwater were diverted from the Bridgewater Wastewater Treatment Plant and sold to farmers in the district.
		Meanwhile, the Coal River Valley to the east of the treatment plant is restricted in its development due to farm water shortages and poor reliability of rainfall.
	www.nht.gov.au /nht1/programs/csp/tas/commonwealth1999-2001.html (1644 words)

	Walkabout - Ulmarra
		The ferry crossing the Clarence River to the north of Ulmarra
		There can be no better way of experiencing the majesty of the Clarence River than to take the vehicular ferry which will carry you the 800 m across the river to Southgate where there is a boat ramp.
		The Clarence River Tourist Centre (tel: 02 6642 4677), in South Grafton, possesses two excellent single-sheet pamphlets entitled 'Bass Fishing in the Clarence River' and 'Fishing Around Grafton'.
	www.walkabout.com.au /locations/NSWUlmarra.shtml (1109 words)

	Clarence Coast Resort BIG4 Holiday Park - WELCOME
		Where the Clarence River meets the sea, Yamba and Iluka headlands welcome you to the sub-tropical Clarence Coast.
		Encompassing 100 islands, Clarence River estuary and coastline comprise one of the most unique, diverse and pristine coastal environments in the world.
		It is ideally situated close enough to the towns to have access to all facilities, yet far enough away to maintain the completely peaceful and secluded atmosphere you are really looking for.
	www.clarencecoastresort.com.au /?p=4 (215 words)

	Estuaries of NSW - Habitat Fact Sheet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The Tweed River is the only estuary in which specimens of all five species of mangroves have been collected.
		They provide organic matter to estuaries through the decomposition of leaf litter (up to 6 tonnes/ha of leaf litter are produced annually - West, 1985).
		Recent studies in the Clarence River Estuary found that Flat-Tail Mullet, Dusky Flathead, Silver Biddy, Yellowfin Bream, Tailor and Southern Herring were the dominant species of commercial importance found in mangrove habitats.
	www.dlwc.nsw.gov.au /care/water/estuaries/factsheets/habitat/mangroves.html (1062 words)

	Schools in for anglers, but professionals on the outer - smh.com.au
		Every May, the mullet of the Clarence River race to the sea to spawn in one of nature's great migrations.
		But even in the Clarence there are fears for the future of an industry that helps sustain communities such as Iluka, Yamba and Maclean.
		More than 200 commercial fishing licences were bought out and the number of NSW estuaries declared off limits to commercial fishing rose from 3 to 26 per cent.
	www.smh.com.au /articles/2003/05/01/1051382045138.html (709 words)

	NWsource: Travel: Paddle the Snohomish and leave today''s hustle-bustle in your wake (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Although altered dramatically by diking and development over the past century and a half, much of the estuary is now protected as state, city of Everett and Snohomish County lands.
		Thousands of people drive over this estuary daily on I-5 and U.S. Route 2, yet it is little known aside from the locals, who visit it to hike, fish, bird-watch, hunt waterfowl (in fall) and paddle kayaks and canoes.
		Otter Island is what the entire estuary looked like long, long ago, before development reduced the estuary to its current 19.5 square miles -- about nine miles long by about 4.5 miles at its widest.
	www.nwsource.com /travel/scr/tf_story.cfm?st=41116 (1130 words)

	Clarence River Management Plan - 20/06/2000 - QWN
		That is why we have worked with the community and stakeholders to develop a comprehensive management plan for the Clarence River estuary prawn trawl fishery.
		The estuary prawn trawl management advisory committee and the Clarence River estuary prawn trawl subcommittee also contributed to this plan.
		The Clarence River estuary prawn trawl subcommittee also made a number of recommendations, including more flexible arrangements for the replacement of boats and clear definitions for the use of by-catch reduction devices.
	www.parliament.nsw.gov.au /prod/parlment/hansart.nsf/V3Key/LC20000620020 (446 words)

	NSW SoE 1995 - Rivers, Estuaries, Lakes & Wetlands - Environmental Conditions & Pressures
		In the Draft Mid-North Coast State of the Rivers and Estuaries Report (PWD 1995) studies of the catchments of the Bellinger, Nambucca, Macleay, Hastings and Camden Haven rivers include details of the extent of mangroves and seagrass in the catchments as well as aquatic weed infestation.
		Improved (lower) levels of EC for coastal rivers were detected at Lilydale on the Clarence River, at Killawarra on the Manning River and Muswellbrook Bridge on the Hunter River (DWR 1994f).
		PWD reported that the ulceration of mullet in the Clarence River estuary may be connected to run-off from agricultural land (PWD 1993).
	www.epa.nsw.gov.au /soe/95/8_2.htm (13132 words)

	Untitled Document
		Lower Clarence County Council (LCCC) is proposing to upgrage the existing bulk water supply system currently serving over 90,000 people living in Grafton, Lower Clarence valley and Coffs Harbour areas on the NSW north coast.
		Grafton/Lower Clarence Valley Due to the population growth, the existing water supply scheme servicing the Grafton area and the Lower Clarence valley is nearing the limit of its capacity to meet peak demands during dry weather.
		Lower Clarence County Council (LCCC) is the proponent for all aspects of the Project, with the exception of the electrical sub-stations and the transmission lines - approval for these components will be sought by North Power.
	cvchrws.gov.com.au /EnvironmentalManagement/eisSummary/eis.htm (3311 words)

	Body (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Sediment in the estuary can impact on health of seagrass beds, and reduce the depth of channels and pools in the estuary.
		This study did not include the Broadwater area, which is probably the most significant area of sea grasses and other aquatic plants in the Clarence estuary.
		No work has been done to map areas of sediment deposition in the estuary, or to quantify the impacts of sedimentation.
	www.nor.com.au /environment/clarencecatchment/issues/issue14.htm (149 words)

	Bush Magazine - Adding sustainability to farm management - April 2005 - Local Government in NSW (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Located in northern NSW, the Clarence River is the largest coastal catchment in the state.
		The success of the Clarence Floodplain Project has been due largely to the support of landholders and their willingness to help develop and commit to management plans.
		The Clarence Floodplain Project was commended in the 2004 Awards for Local Government for opening more than 80km of waterways to tidal exchange.
	www.deh.gov.au /land/publications/bush-apr05/nsw.html (798 words)

	DPIW - Derwent Estuary Catchment and Derwent Estuary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The Derwent Estuary Catchment Protected Environmental Values include the surface waters for small rivers and streams (excluding the Jordan River) for the Derwent Estuary Catchment down stream of New Norfolk (refer map).
		The paper was prepared by the Derwent Estuary Program in association with Environment Division (DPIWE), Derwent Valley, Brighton, Clarence City, Glenorchy City, Hobart City and Kingborough councils.
		The paper has been amended to include the process of their establishment and to provide an accessible document for those in the community who have water-related interests.
	www.dpiw.tas.gov.au /inter.nsf/WebPages/EGIL-53L8JU?open (578 words)

	Flying-foxes establish temporary camp in Clarence estuary
		Tens of thousands of little red flying-foxes have taken up what is expected to be temporary residence in melaleucas, mangroves and casuarina on Whyna Island, near Oyster Channel in the Clarence estuary.
		These animals appear to moved in the lower Clarence area to take advantage of the bloodwoods that are currently in flower along the coast, " Ms Kingston said.
		Spring is in the air for flying-foxes in the Clarence Valley
	www.nationalparks.nsw.gov.au /npws.nsf/Content/media_090204_flyingfoxes (433 words)

	CCB
		River samples were also collected at the head of each estuary on a flow-weighted basis to calculate catchment sediment and nutrient loads.
		One hundred and sixty two synoptic profiles of turbidity (suspended sediment) were undertaken in the Brisbane River estuary during a range of tidal conditions (low, high, mid, neap, spring) to give some insight into the development and migration of the tidally-induced turbidity maximum.
		When CCB undertakes a water quality review we are particularly focused on delivering our Client an understanding of how their ecosystem functions and the major factors controlling ecosystem health rather than just the more traditional approach of comparing measured water quality to a series of guidelines for compliance.
	www.scu.edu.au /schools/esm/ccb/Consulting.html (4218 words)

	NCAL Expertise Grafton
		Agencies are concerned at the lack of scientific data on effects of proposed saline intrusion on freshwater vegetation and threatened waterbirds so they have invited NCAL to collaborate in an interdisciplinary research project to address this knowledge gap.
		The Clarence River has been modified over the past 100 years with the installation of floodgates.
		The primary function of the floodgates was to reclaim these wetlands for grazing by draining water into the estuary and excluding salt water.
	www.ecoman.une.edu.au /NCAL/Grafton.html (723 words)

	CSIRO Marine Research
		These models trace the mixing and movement of the water in rivers, estuaries and coastal waterways by measuring tides, wind, flow of freshwater, bottom topography, the overall shape of the estuary and the action of nearby ocean currents and eddies in transporting and dispersing particles.
		Every estuary is different; but the same model code with different geometry, boundary conditions and transport terms can be used to predict how the water in any estuary will behave.
		Tasmania’s Huon Estuary is the hub of the State’s $120 million atlantic salmon farming industry, as well as numerous shellfish ventures.
	www.marine.csiro.au /LeafletsFolder/16sewer/16.html (943 words)

	Fishing Monthly - Latest Fishing Reports - Updated Weekly
		I am really glad that the Clarence didn't suffer as much as our northern neighbour but at the end of the day, one has to admit that there were a certain number of fish kills on our magnificent river in the recent floods.
		The big mud crab ‘rush’ in the lower estuary is over, the water is beginning to clear and conditions are once again almost normal.
		LAKE and ESTUARY: The good catches of flathead continue, with lizards to 2.5kg and bream to a kilo.
	www.fishingmonthly.com.au /reports/Fishing-reports/nsw/2001/021501.html (3095 words)

	Case Studies - Clarence High School
		Clarence High School is based on the shores of the Derwent River estuary in the suburb of Howrah/Bellerive.
		The team wanted to identify what the health issues (particularly mental health issues) were at Clarence High.
		A partnership agreement has been entered into with the community, parents, students and teachers, which places HPS as a major priority at Clarence for the next 3 years.
	www.discover.tased.edu.au /hpe/casestudies/clarence.htm (1308 words)

	Proceedings of the International Conference on integrated Fisheries Monitoring (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Firstly, the 4 oceanic ports and 4 estuaries examined, which encompassed most of the prawn-trawl effort in NSW, formed the basic spatial units to be sampled.
		Secondly, because prawn trawlers in these places reported their fishing effort as the numbers of days (or nights) fished per month, the minimal temporal scale to be sampled was defined as months within each season during the 3-year period of the project.
		For example, in the Clarence River estuarine fishery in the 1991/92 season, it was estimated that in catching 270 t of prawns, this fishery discarded 123 t of bycatch, including approx.
	www.fao.org /docrep/X3900E/x3900e03.htm (16387 words)

	Fisheries Management Amendment Bill - 04/05/2004 - 2R
		He has indicated that as catch history is based on the period from 1986 to 1993, this does not reflect the current position of the industry.
		So far, fishery management strategies have been determined for the estuary general fishery, the ocean haul fishery and the estuary prawn trawl fishery; strategies are yet to be determined for abalone, lobster, ocean trout, and line fishery and ocean trawl fishery.
		Jon Jenkins that the department is conducting a very expensive program with the Clarence Estuary Prawn Trawl in an attempt to look at new nets that dramatically reduce by-catch.
	www.parliament.nsw.gov.au /Prod/Parlment/HansArt.nsf/0/aaf95711245bb3e0ca256e940025908d?OpenDocument (6739 words)

	: : Welcome to the Clarence Coast : : (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Where the Clarence River meets the sea, Yamba & Iluka headlands welcome you to the sub-tropical Clarence Coast.
		Encompassing 100 islands, Clarence River estuary & coastline comprise one of the most unique, diverse & pristine coastal environments in the world.
		When requesting an instant quote, please only show the number of children between the ages of 3 and 16 in the "number of Children" edit box.
	clarencecoast.info /listing.htm?ql=ccr (578 words)

	Body (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Calaby, J. (1966).The Mammals of the Upper Richmond and Clarence Rivers.
		Hunter, B. (1997) A study of the benthic macroinvertebrate distribution and abundance in the Kangaroo River and Nymboida River, Clarence River Valley, NSW.
		Virgona, J.L. (1992) Environmental factors influencing the prevalence of a cutaneous ulcerative disease (red spot) in the sea mullet Mugil cephalus Linnaeus, in the Clarence River estuary, NSW Australia.
	www.nor.com.au /environment/clarencecatchment/clreflst.htm (1399 words)

	Maclean, New South Wales - Travelmate
		It was settled originally in the 1860s as a river port to clear the timber felled by loggers working the region’s cedar stands.
		Rising in Queensland's McPherson Ranges, the Clarence meanders for hundreds of kilometres and fans into an amazing delta system before it empties into the ocean between the resort towns of Yamba and Iluka.
		The estuary system between Maclean and the mouth embraces hundreds of islands, wetlands and broadwater stretches and is a true paradise for anglers and birdwatchers.
	www.travelmate.com.au /Places/Places.asp?TownId=803 (293 words)

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