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Topic: Class in the contemporary United States

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	[No title]
		"Class consciousness," according to an oft-cited definition by the English Marxist historian E.P. Thompson, "happens when some men, as a result of common experiences (inherited or shared) feel and articulate the identity of their interests as between themselves, and as against other men whose interests are different from (and usually opposed to) theirs.
		The class experience is largely determined by the productive relations into which men are born or enter voluntarily.2 Regardless of how class consciousness is defined, most historians of the labor movement in the United States, Marxists and non-Marxists alike, agree that American workers never developed it.
		This class awareness of American laborers, historians contend, is evident in the long, arduous and ultimately successful struggle to build a trade union movement.4 In the South, however, a strong trade union movement never developed.
	www.mtsu.edu /~baustin/COURSES/SOC417/classcon.htm (4239 words)

	United States (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The Northern states were opposed to the expansion of slavery whereas the Southern states saw the opposition as an attack on their way of life, since their economy was dependent on slave labor.
		The United States Constitution is the supreme legal document in the American system, and serves as a social contract between the people of the United States and their government.
		The economic history of the United States is a story of economic growth that began with marginally successful colonial economies and progressed to the largest industrial economy in the world in the 20th and early 21st century.
	www.tocatch.info /en/United_States.htm (5317 words)

	Archived:Contemporary Research in the United States, Germany, and Japan on Five Education Issues: Structure of the ...
		Although the United States education system is distinguished by the three main levels of elementary, secondary, and higher education, some school districts further subdivide their elementary and secondary student populations to create separate schools at the middle school or junior high level.
		All children in the United States have access to public schools and are required to be enrolled in school, either public or private, by the time they have reached the age of 6.
		States reporting statistics on the percentage of students participating in gifted and talented programs show that in 1989-90 between 1.9 percent and 11.6 percent of enrolled students in their state were participating in gifted and talented programs in their public school systems (USED 1993b).
	www.ed.gov /pubs/Research5/UnitedStates/structure.html (2246 words)

	CALI \| South Carolina Class Action Litigation
		In states where attorneys cannot ethically permit the recovery of expenses on a contingency basis, defense counsel may attempt to challenge the adequacy of the class representative on the basis of the representative’s financial condition.
		If the fund to compensate class members was created as a result of the trial, the notice would not include procedures for objecting but would describe the results of the trial, the compensation fund created, and the manner in which class members may claim compensation by virtue of the litigation.
		In class actions involving large numbers of prospective claimants, defendants have successfully argued that the cost of serving notice on all members is so exorbitant that the class representative is inadequate for financial reasons.
	www.classactionlitigation.com /library/sclaw.html (4494 words)

	[No title]
		Generally, Marxists insist that class consciousness is composed of two elements, a recognition by a particular group that they occupy a common, usually inferior, position within a society, and a commitment to changing that position through some type of political activity.
		Regardless of how class consciousness is defined, most historians of the labor movement in the United States, Marxists and non-Marxists alike, agree that American workers never developed it.
		Contemporary country music lyrics graphically portray the world of work experienced by the Southern labor force, continuing a tradition established with the origins of industry.
	www.mtsu.edu /~baustin/class.htm (4971 words)

	Social structure of the United States - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Despite the lack of distinctive class boundaries and the vast majority of Americans being under the belief that they are members of the middle class, certain general assumptions have been expressed by leading social scientists, think tanks, research institutions, and social critics.
		The middle class is perhaps the mostly vaguely defined of all the social class.
		In the United States, the free state-run schools are known as public schools (the term is not used to describe private academies, as in other English-speaking countries).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Class_in_the_contemporary_United_States (8267 words)

	Archived:Contemporary Research in the United States, Germany, and Japan on Five Education Issues: Structure of the ...
		In 1975, the United States Congress passed the Education for All Handicapped Children Act (P.L. 94?142), which required public schools to identify and then to provide special education services to all children with educational, emotional, developmental, or physical disabilities (Singer, Palfrey, Butler, and Walker 1989).
		States and school districts differ in their referral practices, efficacy of child-find programs, psychometric guidelines, composition of evaluation committees, strength of professional and special interest groups, ability of parents to seek services, availability of costs and services, acceptability of particular designations, and history of legal advocacy and litigation (Singer, et al.
		States that use IQ score cutoffs to identify gifted and talented students are more likely to have larger disparities among racial and ethnic groups.
	www.ed.gov /pubs/Research5/UnitedStates/perception2.html (3642 words)

	CSISS Classics - Hans Kurath: Linguistic Atlas of the United States
		Hans Kurath, a native of Austria, who immigrated to the United States in 1907, was the leading figure in American geographical linguistics, a field of study dedicated to the identification and mapping of distinctive speech or dialect areas.
		Kurath's chief research interest was historical linguistics and his primary goal was to use the Linguistic Atlas to reconstruct the evolution of American English from the relatively "pure" forms of English brought to the United States by early settlers to the regional dialects that existed in the contemporary United States.
		The Word Geography of the Eastern United States (1949), for instance, contained maps showing areas in which residents said "stoop" instead of "porch" or "pavement" instead of "sidewalk." The teams also compiled their data into regional and national maps showing the isoglosses, or word boundaries, that delimited distinctive speech areas.
	www.csiss.org /classics/content/17 (711 words)

	Elizabeth Faue \| Retooling the Class Factory: United States Labour History after Marx, Montgomery, and Postmodernism \| ...
		To the extent that class set the horizons of their expectations and their circumstances (he a private in the army, she a clerk in a store), it shaped their emotional lives as well.
		A working-class history sensitive to the gradations of class inherent in social distinctions would stress the divisions between blue-collar and white-collar workers, the political and social differences between ethnic groups and religions within working-class communities, and the new layers of control and management over their lives.
		The memories of 'how we became upper class' and 'how we became working class' with all their gradations and distinctions are an important part of how class worked and continues to work.
	www.historycooperative.org /journals/lab/82/faue.html (5963 words)

	Class Meet - Classmates gratuations social networking kindergarten primary school high school college work
		If class is seen as economic then the class based problems that face individuals, for example access to education, are to be solved economically.
		If class is seen as cultural then class based problems, for example access to education, are to be solved culturally.
		London: UCL Press 1999 [edit] External links Class Action: Dictionary of the history of ideas: Class Charles Dunoyer And The Theory Of Industrialism and Comte And Dunoyer After The 1830 Revolution: The Impact Of Their Ideas in The Radical Liberalism Of Charles Comte And Charles Dunoyer by David M. Hart.
	www.classmeet.com (3074 words)

	Human Rights Program: Courses and Clinics
		Topics include sources of contemporary law of war, in-depth consideration of the principles of the law of war and targeting, issues associated with battlefield status, regulation of internal armed conflicts, the interface between human rights law and the law of war, and mechanisms to enforce the law of war.
		The course focuses on attempts at national definition by the United States (through immigration and citizenship law, holidays, monuments, etc.) and on the struggles by nationalist groups for recognition within pluralist states, but it also provides a solid foundation for anyone interested in nationalism in an international context.
		Class sessions provide the opportunity to discuss human rights law concepts and lawyering practice, and the legal, strategic, ethical, and theoretical issues raised by the project work.
	www.law.virginia.edu /html/academics/humanrights/hr_courses.htm (3122 words)

	The Choices Program \| Capitol Forum \| Classes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Because of terrorism the United States is currently involved in two nations attempting to strike at the heart of terrorist development and to establish new governments which in the long run will discourage international terrorist groups.
		With a large portion of pollution belonging to the United States, decisive action needs to be taken to considerably reduce the emission of these pollutants.
		The United States should continue to combat terrorism within their own society and that of other countries afflicted by terrorism.
	www.choices.edu /capitol_forum/capf_class.cfm?id=235 (474 words)

	POL 8325
		Performance on the papers, oral reports, class participation, and the final exam will be considered in arriving at the course grade, with the final and the research paper being weighted more heavily.
		3-4; Ehrenhalt, The United States of Ambition (1991); Benjamin and Malbin (eds.), Limiting Legislative Terms (1992); Squire, "Professionalization and Public Opinion of State Legislators," JOP, 55 (May 1993): 479-491; Caress, "The Impact of Term Limits on Legislative Behavior: An Examination of a Transitional Legislature," PS (Dec., 1996): 671-676.
		State Politics and Policy, the official journal of the APSA State Politics and Policy Organized Section.
	www.unc.edu /depts/polisci/aprg/syllabus276.htm (1647 words)

	Teaching Guides: For The Classroom: Education: U.S. Institute of Peace
		This guide from the 2005-2006 Essay Contest assists teachers in increasing students' understanding of the prevalence and spread of nuclear weapons and familiarizes students with historic and contemporary measures to control nuclear proliferation and stimulates their thinking of potential strategies for doing so in the future.
		The United States Institute of Peace has developed this guide on conflict resolution as a resource for students and educators to help students develop the skills necessary to negotiate the world and to be effective, responsible individuals.
		United States Institute of Peace -- 1200 17th Street NW -- Washington, DC 20036
	www.usip.org /class/guides (552 words)

	HIS 150 Contemporary United States History
		To be able to describe how the United States, along with other Western nations, participated in the imperialist scramble for territories in the late nineteenth century.
		To demonstrate an understanding of why the United States became involved in World War I and the nation's ultimate contributions to an Allied victory.
		If for any reason a student is absent or tardy from class, it is the responsibility of the student to seek out all pertinent assignments for the subsequent class(es).
	members.tripod.com /~dzierba/index-42.html (679 words)

	109 Final Essay
		The other primary objective is to cultivate a complex understanding of the culture of time in the United States and a critical reflection upon its effects on your self, our society, and our global environment.
		I want you to leave this course with an awareness of what claiming your education entails and a capacity for critical thinking which you can build upon through the course of your life, apply to a complex understanding of our contemporary culture of time, and engage in a reflection of your own culturally-shaped experience.
		FIRST, write an overview of the current culture of time in the United States complete with a discussion of some significant historical precursors or developments that shaped it.
	www.class.uidaho.edu /coretime/109_final_essay.htm (1216 words)

	Pregnancy Practices as Kin and Person Making in the Contemporary United States, Sallie Han, CEEL
		Pregnancy practices common in the contemporary United States, such as eating/feeding, fitness/exercise, shopping, and what I call "belly talk" (speech and other communications directed toward the unborn child) might be regarded as extensions of care that enact and embody social kinship between expectant parent and expected child.
		Such practices also might be viewed as processes of kin and person making in that pregnant women themselves, based especially on their bodily experiences, will evaluate and re-negotiate the status of the fetus or unborn child as kin and person.
		Building upon the work of linguistic anthropologists Elinor Ochs and Bambi Schiefflin on language socialization among parents and children, a third focus will be on the particular significance of (and peculiar reliance upon) talk in the enactment and embodiment of social relations, including those of production and reproduction, in the contemporary United States.
	ceel.psc.isr.umich.edu /projects/pregnancy.html (1020 words)

	Classlessness - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into classless society.
		Such writers argue that the intelligentsia do not feel allegiance to any particular class and are best placed to unbiasedly articulate the needs of society.
		Critics have argued that the intelligentsia are, more often than not, associated with the upper class.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Classlessness (421 words)

	A Case Study: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Betty Knowles, a 5th grade teacher in a suburban elementary school district, is teaching a unit on the contemporary Middle East.
		Prior to this unit, the class has discussed contemporary social issues in the United States, including the women’s movement and the Equal Rights Amendment.
		Knowles tries to point out the cultural context of the traditions in Saudi Arabia, but admits to the class that it is hard for her to express the point of view of the other country objectively because of her own sense of the importance of women’s choices.
	www.ilstu.edu /~jabraun/braun/professional/freecontest.html (294 words)

	Lois Zamora (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The essays consider how identities and societies are dramatized in particular works of fiction, and how these works reflect cultural communities outside the fictional frame - often the communities in which their authors live and work.
		The introduction includes an overview of the range of literary criticism devoted to contemporary American women writers, and an extensive bibliography of complementary critical readings is provided to encourage further study.
		Undergraduate and postgraduate students of contemporary literature will find the text an invaluable guide to contemporary women's writing in America, and the range of criticism to which this has given rise.
	www.class.uh.edu /english/faculty/zamora/books/contemporary.html (189 words)

	Current Projects
		Race and class inequality and the processes by which these forms of stratification are transmitted throughout generations are fundamental questions in American sociology.
		The goal underlying my research agenda is to contribute in significant and relevant ways to understanding how race and class stratification are perpetuated in contemporary American society.
		This focus is driven by an intellectual effort to understand the persistence of intergenerational, systematic inequality through meticulous empirical research grounded with methodological rigor.
	www.lehigh.edu /~hbj2/projects.htm (605 words)

	QR Readings
		I have excerpted part of the introduction in which the authors make their overall argument as well as a chapter that offers a simulation demonstrating how segregation concentrates poverty and other social ills.
		The latter is conceptually difficult and not required but well worth the effort if you are interested in race and class in the contemporary United States.
		The chapter selected here combines survey data with census information on segregation to engage the question of the degree to which residential preferences shape the racial and ethnic composition of neighborhoods.
	www.mtholyoke.edu /courses/etownsle/qr/readerqrf02.htm (385 words)

	The History of the United States of America (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Hartford Web Publishing is not the author of the documents in World History Archives and does not presume to validate their accuracy or authenticity nor to release their copyright.
		The contemporary political history of the United States
		Resources for the study of the United States
	www.hartford-hwp.com /archives/45/index.html (70 words)

	LATINO LITERATURE IN THE UNITED STATES
		This genre is defined as literature written in Spanish, English, or Spanglish, by authors of Hispanic descent who presently reside in the United States on a permanent basis, and/or which has a Hispanic focus.
		To explore the contemporary experience of Latino culture-in-transformation in the United States.
		At the end of the semester students will make an oral presentation on a literary work by a Latino writer and then submit an in-depth written paper on the work chosen.
	faculty.mville.edu /castellanosg/SPN3034.htm (188 words)

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