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Topic: Classic definition of republic

	Republic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In the Roman Republic, the principles of annuality (holding office for a term of only one year) and collegiality (at least two men held the office at the same time) were usually observed.
		In modern times, the head of state of a republic is usually formed by only one person, the president, but there are some exceptions such as Switzerland, which has a seven-member council as its head of state, called the Bundesrat, and San Marino, where the position of head of state is shared by two people.
		There is certainly nothing that says that among monarchies and republics one is necessarily more democratic than the other since the powers of the head of state (whether monarch or president) may be purely ceremonial, (although an elected head of state within a democratic system is generally considered more democratic than a monarchy).
	www.bidprobe.com /en/wikipedia/r/re/republic.html (534 words)

	Classical republicanism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Classical republicanism is the form of republicanism developed during the Renaissance inspired by the government systems and writings of classical antiquity.
		That classical republicanism actually refers to a philosophy developed in the early modern period is acknowledged by many scholars to be confusing and increasingly some use the term early modern republicanism to cover this branch of political thought.
		Classical republicanism remained an important ideology in the Enlightenment playing a central role in the thought of Rousseau and Montesquieu.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Classic_Definition_of_Republic (557 words)

	Encyclopedia: Classic definition of republic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		A republic, in the classical form, is a type of government that is made up of a mixture of elements from three other types of government: monarchy, aristocracy, and democracy.
		A republic is marked by a bicameral legislative body (the upper house being aristocratic) and by a written constitution that marks out the duties and responsibilities of the different bodies.
		The definition he gives for this kind of government is a "politean"; the form intermediate between them which is termed a republic, (mesi de touton in kalousi politeian) for the government is constituted from the class that bears arms.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Classic-definition-of-republic (4248 words)

	wikien.info: Main_Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Requiring the states to be a republic in form was also seen as protecting the citizens' rights and preventing a state from becoming a dictatorship or monarchy.
		Russia is a federation of semi-autonomous republics (states) and directly ruled provinces.
		Note that while Sparta was considered a republic, monarchy played a part in their government, and while Athens would be considered a republic today, it was described as a democracy in Classical times.
	www.hostingciamca.com /index.php?title=Republic (728 words)

	Classic definition of republic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Both words constitute the meaning of state; the state being one that is made up of different classes of people and all involved in the governing of the polity under a constitution.
		A republic, in the classical form, is a type of government that is made up of a mixture of the best elements of the monarchy, aristocracy and democracy.
		A classical republic is considered by its proponents to be the best compromise between the interests of the aristocracy and those of the people.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/classic_definition_of_republic (3856 words)

	The world's top Classical Studies websites (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Classics, particularly within the Western University tradition, when used as a singular noun, means the study of the language, literature, history, art, and other aspects of Greek and Roman culture during the time frame known as classical antiquity.
		Classical education was considered the best training for implanting the life of moral excellence arete (paideia) hence a good citizen.
		Classical studies formed the basis for a liberal arts education and were considered necessary for the advancement and preservation of a country's liberty and Western culture.
	dirs.org /dir-wiki.cfm/Top/Arts/Classical_Studies (1281 words)

	The Rise, Decline, And Reemergence Of Classical Liberalism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The phrase "the rise of classical liberalism" does not mean that a consistent and unified set of beliefs emerged intact in the late 17th century from the mind of John Locke.
		Lamennais proved by his example that classical liberalism was not incompatible with Catholicism, and he planted the seeds of his thought among believers previously unexposed to it.
		In retrospect, we may see the rise of classical liberalism as a thread of individuals and movements revealing both a continuity of ideas and a continual growth, as thinkers refined and added to the basic principles of the thought.
	www.belmont.edu /lockesmith/essay.html (12021 words)

	CLASSIC - Definition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Greaves may justly be reckoned a classical author on this subject [Roman weights and coins].
		The epithet classical, as applied to ancient authors, is determined less by the purity of their style than by the period at which they wrote.
		Examples include "Star Trek Classic" - the original TV series as opposed to the films, ST The Next Generation or any of the other spin-offs and follow-ups; or "PC Classic" - IBM's ISA-bus computers as opposed to the PS/2 series.
	www.hyperdictionary.com /dictionary/classic (333 words)

	On Democracy in Our Republic
		There is, and it is called a republic, which may be defined as: "a society with a form of government based upon rule by law, in which both governed and government are subject to law".
		Perhaps the simplest method of illustrating the difference between an oligarchy, a democracy and a republic would be to discuss the basic plot of the classic grade B western movie.
		Notice that the republic must be persuasive in front of democracy and that the republic will only continue to exist as long as the people recognize the importance and validity of the concept.
	www.serendipity.li /jsmill/republic.html (1669 words)

	Republic by Plato
		The Republic, like the Phaedrus, is an imperfect whole; the higher light of philosophy breaks through the regularity of the Hellenic temple, which at last fades away into the heavens.
		And the supposition that the Republic was written uninterruptedly and by a continuous effort is in some degree confirmed by the numerous references from one part of the work to another.
		Morgenstern and others have asked whether the definition of justice, which is the professed aim, or the construction of the State is the principal argument of the work.
	www.4literature.net /Plato/Republic/2.html (985 words)

	Speeches :: Writings :: Gary Hart :: Restoring the American Republic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Our community governments, or "elementary republics" as Thomas Jefferson called them, are the venues in which citizens can directly and immediately participate in the governing of their own affairs.
		The citizen's vote is cast in the representative republics; his or her voice is heard in the local republic.
		Though it is usually seen as a classic internal struggle between Jefferson's sense of duty and rationality on the one hand and his desire for a relationship of affection and even passion on the other, I have chosen to apply it to my own life differently.
	www.garyhartnews.com /hart/writings/speeches/uva_02_26_2003.php (2367 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Bodin published his definition in 1576, the year that both Calvinists and Catholics in his native France were calling for a withdrawal of obedience from their apparently lawful king, and the "Republic" was convulsed with civil war.
		Bodin's definition of republic, together with his definition of sovereignty as indivisible, was found useful by the succeeding generations of Frenchmen who put civil war behind them by setting up absolute monarchy.
		For example, the mere apposition, "princes and republics," is not sufficient to imply mutual exclusion of monarchy and republic, and is usually meant in a diplomatic sense, as a way of including all sovereign nations (as we would say now) in a phrase.
	dhm.best.vwh.net /archives/wre-republics.html (16675 words)

	Rights: a Functional Derivation and Definition [Free Republic]
		But the concept and definition of "rights" are historically so clear and they have been so drastically misused, corrupted and distorted today that repetition was deemed necessary in order to drive home some essential points.
		After a millennium of use, the definition of the word was clearly set when this nation was founded.
		The definitive conditions of a "right" are inherency, universality and equitability, possession solely by individuals, and mutuality and reflexivity.
	www.freerepublic.com /forum/a3807556f3d60.htm (4263 words)

	[No title]
		Latin res publica, or "public affair", and suggests an ownership and control of the state by the population at large.
		democracy, however, is not implicit to that of a republic.
		Note that while the Cretans and Spartans were considered republics, monarchy played a part in their government, and while Athens would be considered a republic today, it was not in Classical times.
	en-cyclopedia.com /wiki/Republic (513 words)

	Democracy Defined - Source for Political Terminology Analysis and Defintions
		There is another definition of democracy, particularly in constitutional theory and in historical usages and especially when considering the works of Aristotle or the American "Founding Fathers." Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle never used the words democracy or republic interchangeably.
		According to this definition, the word "democracy" refers solely to direct democracy, whilst a representative democracy is referred to as a "republic".
		Modern definitions of the term Republic, however, refer to any State with an elective Head of State serving for a limited term, in contrast to most contemporary hereditary monarchies which are representative democracies and constitutional monarchies adhering to Parliamentarism.
	www.politicsdefined.com /content/democracy.htm (1239 words)

	The New American - Republics and Democracies - February 1, 1999 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In the early centuries of their republic, whenever they added to the total offices and officeholders, as often as not they were merely increasing the diffusion of power and trying to forestall the potential tyranny of one set of governmental agents by the guardianship or watchdog powers of another group.
		When our Founding Fathers established a republic, in the hope, as Benjamin Franklin said, that we could keep it, and when they guaranteed to every state within that republic a republican form of government, they well knew the significance of the terms they were using.
		For the safeguards to person and property afforded by a republic, the stable framework which it supplied for life and labor at all levels, and the resulting constant flux of individuals from one class into another made caste impossible and snobbery a joke.
	www.thenewamerican.com /tna/1999/02-01-99/vo15no03_republics.htm (6341 words)

	Amazon.com: Books: The Republic (Penguin Classics) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Republic was the first work of real philosophy in the conversation of ideals that continues to this very day in fields as diverse as politics, philosophy, psychology, anthropology, and religion.
		Plato's 'Republic' is one of the most important works of ancient Greek philosophy, and one of the foundation pieces of political science and political philosophy of that and subsequent ages.
		One of the interesting features of the Republic is that it was not originally intended for scholars and philosophers primarily, but for the common (albeit educated) reader, and remains one of the more accessible texts of ancient Greek philosophy.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0140440488?v=glance (2186 words)

	The Practical Republic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		A republic is the opposite of a monarchy.
		The question is not trivial: one must determine whether the classical ideal of the self-governing city-state is the very definition of republic, or whether that ideal was simply one means, limited by the available technology and the unequal distribution of entrepreneurial social skills, to a more fundamentally republican end.
		In each case, though, the obvious response is the same: you cannot have a democratic republic without an educated citizenry, and one purpose of a democratic republican political theory is to sketch the syllabus for the necessary education.
	polaris.gseis.ucla.edu /pagre/republic.html (10881 words)

	classic - definition of classic by the Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus and Encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		classical - of or characteristic of a form or system felt to be of first significance before modern times
		Far greater, we think, than the charm of poems strictly classic in interest, such as the "Praise of Dionysus," exquisite as that is, is the charm of those pieces in which, so to speak, he transforms, by a kind of colour-change, classic forms and associations into those--say
		Classic Closet Case (gay/lesbian/bisexual slang; aka triple C)
	dict.thefreelibrary.com /Classic (460 words)

	Amazon.ca: Books: The Republic of Plato (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Plato's Republic is really beyond reviews, and it would be presumptuous do anything other than encourage potential readers to study it for themselves.
		In the "Republic," however, he comes upon this conclusion before we are1/3 of the way through the book, and before the real summit of the dialogue.
		Luckily, one of the beauties of the Republic is that it really does cater to every level of engagement, except non-engagement, and tries to stimulate each person to further thought.
	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/0465069347 (1316 words)

	Nano Republic Award Winners
		The results of Larta's 2003 Nano Republic Awards contest were announced July 10 at the 2003 Nano Republic Conference in Pasadena, California.
		The Nano Republic Award for Most Promising Application was shared by Hybrid Plastics and Shea Technology Group, Inc. (STG).
		For the Nano Republic Awards, Nanotechnology was defined within the classic NSF definition of Nanotechnology, but also included Nano in more than one dimension (i.e., thin films) as well as fabrication processes that fall below 100 nm (i.e., 90 NM interconnects).
	www.larta.org /lavox/articlelinks/2003/030721_nanoawardwinners.asp (502 words)

	Democratic Peace: No, A Republic AND Democracy
		In this classic meaning, the United States is surely a republic.
		And democracy that was then limited to the meaning of mob rule, has now evolved to mean both parliamentary (the closest to classic democratic institutions) and republic.
		It does no good to argue that the classic meaning of democracy is what democracy should mean today, and therefore the United States is not a democracy.
	freedomspeace.blogspot.com /2005/03/no-republic-and-democracy_10.html (969 words)

	'Project Runway': From Produce Aisle To Banana Republic (washingtonpost.com)
		The unshakable desire to be a big-time fashion designer has led 12 seemingly reasonable adults to participate in the public angst, navel gazing and back-stabbing of reality television.
		Considering that several of the designers seem a bit obsessed with hot pants and micro-miniskirts, the most valuable prize might be the advice the winner will receive from Banana Republic, a company that has perfected the art of transforming fashion fiction into commercial ideas with mass appeal.
		The definition of a dress was loose at best.
	www.washingtonpost.com /wp-dyn/articles/A30170-2004Dec2.html (955 words)

	Amazon.com: Books: The Republic of Plato (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Republic inspires as vividly as when it was written: the ultimate indicator of an eternal classic.
		The Republic of Plato is perhaps the most widely read, yet totally and completely misunderstood works of ancient philosophy.
		As usual, the atrophied intellect that is Allan Bloom successfully attempts to rape a classic piece of philosophy with his mediocre, lackluster, ogrish brutality, which is his norm, towards true academia, knowledge and wisdom.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0465069347?v=glance (2980 words)

	Capitalism
		Observers do not always agree which of these organisations, or which features of them are part of capitalism, although most often companies, or many features of their operation, are included as part of the definition.
		Moreover, the precise ideology meant by "capitalism" in the latter sense differs: what a Marxist or Green may describe as capitalist ideology may seem thoroughly alien to what a classical liberal means by calling himself a capitalist, and vice versa.
		Although it is arguable whether these meanings the word "capitalism" of the same kind are somehow "equivalent" under someone's subjective notion of equivalence, for the sake of not making a straw man argument when accusing someone else to be a proponent of capitalism, these different concepts must be clearly distinguished.
	www.findthelinks.com /theory/capitalism.htm (4895 words)

	The Unofficial Paul Krugman Web Page
		Chutzpah, according to the classic definition, is when you murder your parents, then ask for sympathy because you're an orphan.
		The tax cut will be passed, and the budget will plunge even deeper into the red.
		And one day we'll realize that international investors are treating us like a banana republic — that they won't finance our trade deficit unless they are paid very high rates of interest (have I mentioned that the dollar has just fallen to a four-year low against the euro?) — and everyone will wonder why.
	www.pkarchive.org /column/050903.html (793 words)

	The world's top united states websites
		U.S. music is heard all over the world, and it is the sire of such forms as blues and jazz and had a primary hand in the shaping of modern rock and roll and popular music culture.
		Many great Western classical musicians and forums find their home in the U.S. and New York City is a hub for international operatic and instrumental music as well as the world-famed Broadway plays and musicals.
		This is in stark contrast to the early days of the republic, when the country was viewed by Europeans as an agricultural backwater with little to offer the culturally "advanced" world centers of Asia and Europe.
	dirs.org /wiki-article-tab.cfm/united_states (2807 words)

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