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Topic: Classical republics

	cornerstone
		Classical and modern writers had taken up the theme of the death of a republic so often and so minutely that by the 18th century the process could be described in almost clinical medical terms.
		Classical virtue was not in the least bit meek, but it strove to be first in doing good for one's country and coveted the glory that comes with unrelenting devotion to the good of the people.
		The Spartan, Athenian, and Roman republics -- the principal examples available to the Founders -- all were built on essentially the same social and economic model, with a mass of slaves at the bottom.
	www.etymonline.com /cw/cornerstone.htm (3988 words)

	Republicanism (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Republic can also refer to a form of government that is based on civic virtue, liberty, non-arbitrary rule, and mixed government.
		Republic comes from the Latin word res publica and One meaning of this term is the form of government that began with the overthrow of the last tyrant known as the Roman Republic.
		In the Renaissance the classical states were dubbed republics, and are today still sometimes referred to as classical republics.
	republicanism.iqnaut.net.cob-web.org:8888 (3018 words)

	Classical definition of republic (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		A republic, in the classical form, is a type of government that is made up of a mixture of elements from three other types of government: monarchy, aristocracy, and democracy.
		A republic is marked by a bicameral legislative body (the upper house being aristocratic) and by a written constitution that marks out the duties and responsibilities of the different bodies.
		Republics are converted to democracies by reformers and leaders who modify the constitution whereby the powers of the upper house, i.e.
	classical-definition-of-republic.kiwiki.homeip.net.cob-web.org:8888 (4908 words)

	Neo-Classical Style - MSN Encarta
		Neo-Classical artists at first sought to replace the sensuality and what they viewed as the triviality of the Rococo style with a style that was logical, solemn in tone, and moralizing in character.
		When revolutionary movements established republics in France and America, the new republican governments adopted Neo-Classicism as the style for their official art, by virtue of its association with the democracy of ancient Greece and republican Rome.
		Before the discoveries at Herculaneum, Pompeii, and Athens, had been made, the only classical architecture generally known was that of Rome, largely through architectural etchings of Classical Roman buildings by the Italian artist Giovanni Battista Piranesi.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761573932/Neo-Classical_Style.html (1210 words)

	The E Pluribus Unum Project: A Rhetoric of American Rights in the Era of the Revolution
		In the ancient republics, and particularly Rome, the English found a model of society that celebrated the importance of the individual of good character who fully contributed to the development of the civic community.
		Classical literature, a fundamental part of the reading of all educated Europeans and Americans in that period, did more than just provide a way of thinking about the importance of republican values.
		However, in their case classical authors and examples provided a means of voicing their criticism in terms that others might regard as socially acceptable or more difficult to ridicule.
	www.assumption.edu /ahc/1770s/pcoreargs.html (4779 words)

	Wikinfo \| Classical definition of republic
		A Classical Republic, (Greek: πολιτεια; Latin: respublica) is a "mixed constitutional government" which embodies civic duty, virtue, social cohesion and where there is a high devotion, fidelity and regard for the rule of law.
		Though not a "true" classical republic, the Founding Fathers of the United States modeled America along the same lines as her mother country, Britain, and the Roman Republic with her civilian head.
		Furthermore, there was a conscious movement starting in the early modern era for transforming the received classical and Christian cultural heritage by a process of transformation by which a new thinking and a new philosophy would be entertained underneath the appearance of old terms; a tactic called revolution within the form.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Classical_definition_of_republic (7061 words)

	Article1
		Classical Republicanism is a theory that e the best kind of society is one that promotes the common welfare instead of the interests of only one class of citizens.
		In a classical republic, citizens are supposed to work cooperatively to achieve the common welfare rather than their own personal or selfish interest.
		To prevent this from happening, the classical republicans believed citizens should be supervised to avoid the development of great differences among them in their ownership of property, religion, and way of life.
	www.homestead.com /PoliticalSystems/Article1.html (2288 words)

	Classical republic (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		A classical republic is a state of Classical Antiquity that is considered to have a republican form of government.
		They defined republic as any state that was not headed by a monarch including the Spartan diarchy, the Athenian democracy, and the Roman res publica.
		The term classical republic is also sometimes used to describe those later states that are argued to follow the classical model.
	classical-republic.iqnaut.net.cob-web.org:8888 (305 words)

	Classical republic - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A classical republic, according to certain modern political theorists, is a state of Classical Antiquity that is considered to have a republican form of government, a state where sovereignty rested with the people rather than a ruler or monarch.
		The Italians, themselves living in Republics like Florence and Venice (although note that the doge was an elected monarch), looked back on these states as models of social organization.
		Other elements the classical republics shared was the central importance of citizenship.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Classical_republic (357 words)

	Classics Make Comeback - experts say schools should return to classical education - Brief Article Insight on the News - ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Knowledge of the classics wets basic to America's founders, notes Guinness, whose 365-page heavily annotated book was six years in the making, with contributions from 50 scholars.
		Classical education was divided into the seven liberal arts in the Middle Ages: the trivium of grammar, logic and rhetoric, and the quadrivium of mathematics, music, astronomy and geometry.
		Classical education is not for the fainthearted, the authors note; nevertheless, it's being tried across the country at places such as Rivendell School, a private Christian school in Arlington, Va. The school, for kindergarten through eighth grades, extensively uses the classics to teach its 146 students.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1571/is_42_14/ai_55710718 (891 words)

	Classical Net Review - Ali-Zadeh - Mugam Sayagi, Oasis, Apsheron Quintet, Music for Piano
		Studying at the Baku Conservatory, she became a masterful pianist, and introduced fellow Azerbaijanis to progressive or even avant-garde music that was unknown in the republic at the time.
		She was a pupil of composer Kara Karayev, who urged her to take a more conservative route in her own compositions.
		Use of text, images, layout, format, look, or feel of these pages, without the written permission of the copyright holder, except as specified in the Copyright Notice, is strictly prohibited.
	www.classical.net /music/recs/reviews/n/non79804a.html (608 words)

	Classical Values :: Restoration with respect for tradition?
		Using characters from classical literature in scuplture or painting is not tantamount to worshipping these characters -- that's the kind of error in type a lot of low-end fundamentalists make.
		Classical philosophy provided the vocabulary and Jewish theology the milieu in which Christianity developed.Thanks to Plotinus and Thomas Aquinas, there is as much Plato and Aristotle in Christian theology as Moses and Isaiah.
		But there was nothing distinctly classical about the Greek and Roman attitudes toward sex and nudity (meaning that those attitudes were very common), and anyway, this isn't something where you can have both sets of values.
	www.classicalvalues.com /archives/003606.html (5809 words)

	Republicanism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Republicanism is the ideology of governing a nation as a republic, with an emphasis on Liberty and ruled by the people.
		Republic comes from the Latin phrase res publica and one meaning of this term is the form of government that began with the expulsion of the last King (Rex) of Rome creating the Roman Republic.
		This terminology was developed by Zera Fink in the 1960s but some modern scholars such as Brugger consider the term confusing as it might lead some to believe that "classical republic" refers to the system of government used in the ancient world.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Republicanism (5370 words)

	Christian Classical Education: History
		The old classical education in the liberal arts was maintained without any interruption, and since this education was inseparable from the study of classical authors, the old classical education continued to be studied.
		The intent of these studies was to develop the powers of reason, analysis, and perspective, and by familiarity with the classical republics to inspire an understanding and love of American institutions.
		Classical Christian education is "word-oriented." It can and has produced workmen who can rightly divide the Word of God and who do not need to be ashamed to confront and unmask the idols of our age.
	reformed.org /christian_education/classic_educ.html (1861 words)

	CLASSICAL MUSIC ARCHIVES MP3/WMA: Anahit Nersesyan
		Note that this notice refers in particular to the score of the pieces and not to the media files themselves which are copyrighted by their respective creator at the moment of the performance - whether live or step-by-step or mixed.
		As noted above, where a recorded work or performance is not in the public domain, the Classical Archives requires the consent from the appropriate individuals or organizations to include the music on the website.
		If you have any information indicating that rights to include a performance on the website may be in question, please notify the Classical Archives immediately via our feedback form so that we can promptly investigate and take necessary action.
	www.classicalarchives.com /artists/nersesyan.html (743 words)

	Republicanism and Democracy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		self-government is at the core of the classical republicanism, and the
		classical democracy have the same goals: a society sustained by civic
		this sense, the classical republicanism foreshadows the modern theory of
	www.oycf.org /Perspectives/2_110299/republicanism_and_democracy.htm (1535 words)

	Music in Uzbekistan & Tajikistan
		The classical music of the former Soviet Republics in Central Asia is often overlooked in a survey of the world's music, but this is completely unjustified.
		Perhaps the most surprising aspect of the Uzbek / Tajik classical repertory is that it is relatively uniform across the national boundary.
		The second volume turns to the Bukhara style, which is the oldest classical tradition in the region, and the one from which the others have been derived.
	www.medieval.org /music/world/central.html (762 words)

	Liberal arts
		The term "liberal" in "liberal arts" originally meant "appropriate for free men," i.e., those citizens of the republics of classical antiquity and a generalized education thought to be most proper for these social and political elites.
		As such, the course of study in the "liberal arts" was almost entirely devoted to the classics while shunning most training directly applicable for a given trade or pursuit.
		Later, the "liberal arts" broadened to encompass study in the humanities more generally.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/li/Liberal_arts.html (248 words)

	[No title]
		Neoclassical artists at first sought to replace the sensuality and what they viewed as the triviality of the rococo style with a style that was logical, solemn in tone, and moralizing in character.
		When revolutionary movements established republics in France and America, the new governments adopted neoclassicism as the style for their official art, by virtue of its association with the democracy of ancient Greece and republican Rome.
		With further adaptations of classical design, based on later archaeological finds, it evolved into the elegant style known as Louis XVI, favored by the royal family during the 1780s.
	www.csus.edu /indiv/c/craftg/HRS134/Neoclassical.doc (1535 words)

	Village Governance
		Rousseau was but one of a growing number of writers and artists who shared a renewed interest in ancient Sparta, Republican Rome, and the idea of republic generally.
		This enthusiasm was part of the critical spirit of the Enlightenment and served as a challenge to despotism.
		Talk of classical republics was "in the air" of Paris and circulated readily in the print shops where Restif worked as a proofreader.
	www.mtholyoke.edu /courses/rschwart/encounters/village.htm (484 words)

	The incredible elastic chairs of Samuel Gragg Magazine Antiques - Find Articles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Nonetheless, his acquaintance with Seymour and presence in the Furniture Warehouse would have given Gragg intimate exposure to the elements of the classical style, which was so popular in Boston at the turn of the century.
		Breaking with the rococo style that had preceded the American Revolution, consumers regarded classical designs as supportive of the new American republic, which itself was grounded in the classical republics of Greece and Rome.
		Urns, lyres, amphorae, and various repetitive border designs could be seen on the costly furniture, textiles, silver, and ceramics of great refinement imported into the bustling seaport of Boston from England and the Continent, as well as in the more limited range of furnishings provided by the local trades.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1026/is_5_163/ai_101530830 (958 words)

	Jefferson: 1785
		This confidence in the power of the Classical style to influence the morals of the people who saw them led Jefferson to believe that one of the easiest ways to inspire virtue in the American people was by exposing them to the same buildings that the Romans had been exposed to on a daily basis.
		The American Republic was forever linked to the Classical Republics through its leader’s desire to inspire virtue and the architectural style which made that possible.
		The image of the Virginia State Capitol is from Classical America by William Ziobro of Holy Cross University.
	www.thenagain.info /WebChron/WestCiv/Jefferson.html (578 words)

	[No title]
		There he argues that classical republican theory (a term of art including Ancient Romans such as Cicero, Renaissance theorists such as Machiavelli, and English Civil War republicans such as Harrington) had, since Polybius in the second century BCE, been preoccupied with the idea of how to achieve political stability through balancing monarchy, aristocracy, and democracy.
		The classical formulations of the idea of a self-stabilizing system, however, were designed to describe political systems which had the capacity to evolve into either monarchy, aristocracy, or democracy, but in fact stabilized in an in-between condition.
		No one had a higher opinion of Locke than Moyle (who quotes with approval the view that the Two Treatises are "the ABC of politics") [158] yet Moyle is one of the founders of the new mechanical language and an admirer of classical republics.
	www.constitution.org /lg/check_bal.txt (11347 words)

	Public and Republic
		The theory representation goes deep into the nature of man and society.
		Classic argumentation on representation is to be found in Don M. Wolfe's collection of Leveller Manifestoes of the Puritan Revolution (1944); Thomas Hobbes: Leviathan (1651); John Locke: Of Civil Government (1689); Edmund Burke: Works (10 vols., 1866); and Jeremy Bentham: Plan of Parliamentary Reform (1817).
		Ideas of representation during the Constitutional period may be traced through Charles E. Merriam: History of American Political Theories (1913); W.
	www.grazian-archive.com /politics/Republic/C_09_b.html (837 words)

	The E Pluribus Unum Project
		Rather than seeing monrachies and republics as two mutually exclusive forms of government, many people in eighteenth-century England and America regarded the British government as including elements of both models.
		When you encounter the names of those who played a major role in the development of natural law theory, you can be sure that the text is building an argument based on those principles.
		Classical influences are evident in the work of American artists and architects.
	www.assumption.edu /ahc/1770s/coreargs.html (7509 words)

	The Classical Library - Nicolo Machiavelli (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Machiavelli's other major work, Discourses on the First Ten Books of Titus Livius (1513-21), was mainly concerned with "republics," defined as states controlled by a politically active citizenry.
		In Discourses he emphasized that for a republic to survive, it needed to foster a spirit of patriotism and civic virtue among its citizens.
		Machiavelli argued that a republic would be strengthened by the conflicts generated through open political participation and debate.
	www.classicallibrary.org /machiavelli (453 words)

	Andrejguitar.com- World-class Concert Classical Guitarist
		His wit and charm, along with his extraordinary talent and extensive repertoire have delighted many an audience and has put him in ever increasing demand as a solo performer.
		In addition to touring the United States, he has been greatly received by the people of Germany, the United Kingdom and the Russian republics, where he has been invited to play with major orchestras.
		His demand as a world-class concert classical guitarist has been enthusiastically received by blue grass festivals and appearances at jazz festivals alike.
	www.andrejguitar.com (179 words)

	Classical Free: AMERICAN GOVERNMENT AND HISTORY
		This procedure is the essence of the governmental form today known as "republican," and the vast difference between a republic and a democracy has been lost to most Americans.
		In a democracy the will of the people is supreme, but in a republic the people choose their governmental representatives, who are then responsible to govern according to God's Word, not primarily according to the will of the people.
		Many of the founders had received, at least in part, a classical education in addition to instruction in the Bible.
	www.classicalfree.org /tgc_agi.asp?essay=Chapter12 (5140 words)

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