
	Where results make sense

Topic: Classifier (linguistics)

	A. Iida's Studies in Japanese Linguistics
		It is to be noted that the classifier "-hiki" has two levels of usage: "-hiki1" for counting unspecified non-human beings, and "-hiki2" for counting non-human, non-avian beings without salient features in physique, social function or significance.
		When a speaker encounters a sentence with an NQ, he or she may refer to the agreement between the classifier and the NPs as candidates in the first stage, and then, if he or she is sure that the only NP is focused as a candidate for agreement, may apply the syntactic rule for QF.
		Classifiers are not a mere morpheme or a marker to add or emphasize the prominent characteristics of an entity being counted, but form their category in a form of meaning chains, as well as other parts of speech in natural languages.
	www5b.biglobe.ne.jp /~aiida/egyousek.html (3034 words)

	Patent 6061675: Methods and apparatus for classifying terminology utilizing a knowledge catalog
		A document classified utilizing the knowledge catalog of the present invention may be presented in any language because the concepts in the static ontologies are applicable across languages.
		However, for a purely linguistic classification hierarchy, the house "concept" may include types of houses, such as a ranch style house, a contemporary house, etc. The knowledge catalog of the present invention provides the framework or structure to generate hierarchical classifications including both semantic derivatives and/or linguistic derivatives of high level concepts.
		The linguistic engine further includes a topic extractor, that identifies the topics of the input discourse, a kernel generator, that generates summarized versions of the input discourse, and a content extractor that identifies key content of the input discourse.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /6061675.html (19758 words)

	Sackmann, Robin. 2000. "Numeratives in Mandarin Chinese"
		A number of key concepts needed for describing any numeral classifier language are formally defined, in particular, a concept of numeral classifier language that may be expected to be useful for typological studies.
		Classifiers and measures are informally distinguished in Section 2, which also clarifies some basic terminological points and specifies the basic problems to be tackled.
		The general theoretical framework adopted for the investigation, Integrational Linguistics, is characterized in Section 3, emphasizing the general syntactic theory, Integrational Syntax.
	www.germanistik.fu-berlin.de /il/+en/papers/p2000-01-en.html (415 words)

	Classifier (linguistics) - Enpsychlopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		A classifier, in linguistics, is a word or morpheme used in some languages in certain contexts to indicate the word class of a noun.
		Classifier systems typically involve 20 or more classifiers (separate lexemes that co-occur with the noun), while gender systems vary from two to twenty classes at most.
		In addition, use of the classifier may be influenced by the pragmatics of style and the choice of written or spoken mode.
	psychcentral.com /wiki/Classifier_(linguistics) (382 words)

	LINGUIST List 12.1988: Senft, Nominal Classification (2nd rev.) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Grinevald places the classifiers in the middle of a continuum, where in its grammatical end are the gender and noun class systems, and in its lexical end are measure terms and class terms.
		It is claimed that while the meaning of a linguistic structure is a function of its parts and their manner of combination, this includes also that one of the 'parts' is the construction itself.
		He describes the function of classifiers and classifier-like elements in the context of the gestalt principles of the isolation of units and the unification of isolates.
	www.ling.ed.ac.uk /linguist/issues/12/12-1988.html (3520 words)

	ÃÀ¹ú×¨ÀûÉêÇë¹«¿ªËµÃ÷Êé 20040254782 - Method and apparatus for training a translation ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The first classifier is able to assign data to classes in a first set of classes.
		A second classifier is applied to a second set of unlabeled data to from a second set of labeled data.
		The second classifier is able to assign data to classes in a second set of classes that is different from the first set of classes.
	cxp.paterra.com /uspregrant20040254782cn.html (134 words)

	Bibliography of Tibeto-Burman Languages and Cultures Sorted by Language
		Linguistics of the Sino-Tibetan area: The state of the art.
		The classifier in the Wei Ning Dialect of the Miao Language in Kweichow.
		Reconstructional comparative linguistics and the reconstruction of the syntax of undocumented stages in the development of languages and language families.
	victoria.linguistlist.org /~lapolla/bib/language.html (9888 words)

	STEDT Bibliography
		Hashimoto, M. The genealogy and role of the classifier construction in Sino-Tibetan.
		Hashimoto, M. The Be Language: a classified lexicon of its Limkow dialect.
		Matisoff, J. The bulging monosyllable, or the mora the merrier: echo-vowel adverbialization in Lahu.
	stedt.berkeley.edu /html/bibliography.html (2029 words)

	BU Linguistics Courses
		Introduction to language change and the methodology of historical linguistic analysis, using data from a wide array of languages.
		These are also the languages that have made the most significant contributions to linguistic theory in recent decades.
		Cibemba is one the major languages of Zambia, and one of the languages known by former President of Zambia, Kenneth Kaunda, who is in residence as a visiting scholar at Boston University this year.
	www.bu.edu /linguistics/UG/COURSES-LX.html (1914 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Coh-Metrix is a computational linguistic tool that calculates the coherence of texts on over 250 measures.
		The classifier is able to correctly place questions in one of the 16 categories 75-95% of the time.
		The result is a new landmark for the study and understanding of themes in their everyday manifestation ( Thematics: Interdisciplinary Studies).
	www.psyc.memphis.edu /faculty/louwerse/research.htm (1192 words)

	ASIS '96: Weinberg, B. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		UDC was used in only a few classified catalogs in the U.S., including the Engineering Societies Library, YIVO Institute for Jewish Research, and the United Nations.
		This type of indexing was probably influenced by the recent focus on syntax in the field of linguistics.
		The claims of Farradane, Austin, and other information scientists to have identified all possible relationships are inconsistent with the linguistic literature, in which new syntactic structures are constantly being identified.
	www.asis.org /annual-96/ElectronicProceedings/weinberg.html (5214 words)

	ipedia.com: Sociology Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		However, a natural science model has never completely predominated sociology, nor has there ever been much consensus, even among the adherents of that model, as to what would constitute valid evidence or even the proper unit of analysis.
		Consequently, the distinction between sociology and social theory has always been more reflective of classifier than the theory described as belonging to one or the other.
		Many theorists prefer to describe themselves as social theorists because they are critical of the sociological community or were not trained as sociologists.
	www.ipedia.com /sociology.html (1060 words)

	Linguistics of American Sign Language, Third Edition (VHS) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The new, third edition of the Linguistics of American Sign Language (ASL) videotape expands the linguistic analysis found in previous editions to correspond to the new, revised and updated textbook.
		In other segments, author Clayton Valli demonstrates signs as specific examples of the linguistic properties of phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and the use of language introduced in the text.
		Used in tandem, the Linguistics of American Sign Language textbook and videotape continue to be the complete, comprehensive resources for the systematic study of the structure of ASL.
	www.dcaradeafstore.com /linofamsigla1.html (159 words)

	Nat' Academies Press, Computer Science: Reflections on the Field, Reflections from the Field (2004)
		These learned probabilities, along with the estimated class priors, are then used to classify a new document, d, by calculating the probability P(wid) that d belongs to the class cj based on its observed words.
		Figure 6.2 summarizes the training and classification procedures for the naive Bayes classifier (this type of Bayes classifier is called “nave” because it makes the assumption that words occur independently within documents of each class, and “Bayesian” because it uses Bayes rules along with the learned probability terms to classify new documents).
		The first classifier is then applied to the unlabeled training examples, and it selects the example d that it is most confident in classifying (i.e., the example that yields the highest probability P(cjd)).
	www.nap.edu /openbook/0309093015/html/101.html (7162 words)

	Classifier - Result for Classifier - Meaning of Classifier - Definition of Classifier - Dictionary of Meaning - ...
		Classifier - Result for Classifier - Meaning of Classifier - Definition of Classifier - Dictionary of Meaning - www.mauspfeil.net
		The term '''classifier''' can mean more than one thing: * Classifier (linguistics) * Classifier (mathematics) {{disambig}}
		There you find a list of all editors and the possibility to edit the original text of the article Classifier.
	www.mauspfeil.net /Classifier.html (92 words)

	CONK! Encyclopedia: Category:Linguistics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Linguistics is the study of human language, and a linguist is someone who engages in this study.
		For more information, see the article about Linguistics.
		List of words with "ae" in alternate spellings
	www.conk.com /search/encyclopedia.cgi?q=Category:Linguistics (89 words)

	Bibliography generated from WebPage/coling94.bib (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Towards linguistic knowledge discovery assistants: Application to learning lexical properties of Chinese characters.
		The merged upper model: a linguistic ontology for German and English.
		Towards a proper linguistic and computational treatment of scrambling: an analysis of Japanese.
	www.essex.ac.uk /linguistics/research/clgroup/aclbib/coling94.html (3745 words)

	Sesquipedalian #20, March 3, 1994
		A group of scholars is translating the Bible into the language of Klingons, the rough, warlike warriors of the science-fiction TV series and movies.
		Neither Stanford University nor the Linguistics Department, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, whatsoever, implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility regarding any information disclosed in this publication, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights.
		The views and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily reflect those of Stanford University or the Linguistics Department, or their employees, and shall not be used for advertising or product endorsement purposes.
	www-linguistics.stanford.edu /Archives/Sesquipedalian/1993-94/msg00019.html (1387 words)

	Canadian Cultural Society of the Deaf - Clayton Valli-1951-2003 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		A generous as well as an accomplished man, Dr. Valli gave numerous workshops about ASL poetry and linguistics for students and staff at the Ernest C. Drury School for the Deaf in Milton, Ontario.
		His Ph.D. in Linguistics and ASL Poetics from the Union Institute in Cincinnati, Ohio which he received in 1993 made him the first person ever to achieve a doctorate in ASL poetry.
		Valli authored and co-authored several books about ASL linguistics and literature, and was a reviewer for the Ontario monograph Teacher Research in a Bilingual Bicultural School for Deaf Students.
	www.ccsdeaf.com /valli.html (393 words)

	Liang Tao (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Tao, L. The Importance of Discourse Analysis for Linguistic Theory: A Mandarin Chinese Illustration.
		Paper presented at the 8th biannual conference of the International Cognitive Linguistics Society University of La Rojia, Spain.
		Presented at the 28th LACUS Forum of the Linguistic Association of Canada and the United States (LACUS), Universite du Quebec a Montreal (UQAM), Montreal, Canada.
	www.cats.ohiou.edu /linguistics/dept/tao.htm (999 words)

	UMIACS Computational Linguistics Colloquium, April 20, 1999 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		A probabilistic classifier assigns the most probable class to an object, based on a probability model of the interdependencies among the class and a set of input features.
		The formality of the method supports evaluation: the talk will briefly describe how the three determinates of classifier performance (the features, the form of the model, and the parameter estimates) can be separately evaluated.
		The classifier also performs better on sentences the judges tagged with certainty, showing consistency between the classifier and the human judges.
	www.umiacs.umd.edu /~resnik/cl_colloquium/abstracts/wiebe.html (387 words)

	Linguistics of American Sign Language, 4th Edition
		The fourth edition also features groundbreaking research on iconic signs in ASL and the relationship between metaphor and iconicity in signed languages; variation in ASL; the different functions of space in ASL; and the artistic forms of ASL, including storytelling, percussion signing, drama, comedy, and poetry.
		Ceil Lucas is Professor of Linguistics in the Department of Linguistics at Gallaudet University.
		Kristin J. Mulrooney is Assistant Professor in the Department of Linguistics at Gallaudet University.
	gupress.gallaudet.edu /bookpage/LASL4bookpage.html (264 words)

	Amazon.co.uk: Books: Perspective on Classifier Constructions in Sign Language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Its major goals are to bring to light critical issues related to the study of classifier constructions and to present contemporary linguistic and psycholinguistic analyses of these constructions.
		It is hoped that by doing so, more researchers will be inspired to investigate the nature of classifier constructions across signed languages and further explore the unique aspects of these forms.
		Divided into four parts, the papers in this volume discuss the issues of: how sign language classifiers differ from spoken languages; cross-linguistic variation in sign language classifier systems; the role of gesture; the nature of morpho-syntactic and phonological constraints on classifier constructions; the grammaticization process for these forms; and the acquisition of classifier forms.
	www.amazon.co.uk /exec/obidos/ASIN/0805842691/meowsers03 (359 words)

	Proxem
		This thesis is a proposal based upon the analysis of problematic linguistic phenomena in the Lexicalized Tree Adjunct Grammars (LTAG) framework.
		LTAG is a linguistic formalism which provides two structures of representation, derived tree and derivation tree.
		Connexor provides linguistic technologies and expertise to software houses and solution providers who tackle the challenge of how to derive useful information from unstructured digital text for different kinds of consumers and analysts.
	www.proxem.com (4327 words)

	CALLCS PROFILE: Loke, K.
		Loke, Kit-Ken (2002): Approaches to the teaching and learning of Chinese: a critical literature review and a proposal for a semantic, cognitive and metacognitive approach, Journal of the Chinese Language Teachers Association, February 2002, 37.1: 65-112 (57 pages)
		Loke, Kit-Ken ( 1997): "Grammaticalisation and regrammaticalisation of Chinese classifier morphemes".
		In the Journal of Chinese Linguistics, USA, Vol.
	www.gu.edu.au /text/centre/callcs/content_loke.html (145 words)

	FSU Anthropology - Anthropological Linguistics Core Reading List
		Dozier, Edward P. 1956 "Two Examples of Linguistic Acculturation: The Yaqui of Sonora and Arizona and the Tewa of New Mexico," Language 32:146-157.
		1966a "Linguistics and Language Planning," in William Bright, ed., Sociolinguistics; Proceedings of the UCLA Sociolinguistics Conference, 1964, pp.
		Sjoberg, Andree F. 1966 "Socio-Cultural and Linguistic Factors in the Development of Writing Systems for Preliterate Peoples," in William Bright, ed., Sociolinguistics; Proceedings of the UCLA Sociolinguistics Conference, 1964, pp.
	www.anthro.fsu.edu /about/corebib.html (5184 words)

	Bibliography generated from WebPage/coling02.bib (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Corpus-Based generation of numeral classifier using phrase alignment.
		Automatic linguistic analysis for language teachers: the case of zeros.
		Data-Driven classification of linguistic styles in spoken dialogues.
	www.essex.ac.uk /linguistics/research/clgroup/aclbib/coling02.html (3446 words)

	What is a word?
		A word is sometimes placed, in a hierarchy of grammatical constituents, above the morpheme level and below the phrase level.
		In modular book: Glossary of linguistic terms, by Eugene E. Loos (general editor), Susan Anderson (editor), Dwight H., Day, Jr.
		This page is an extract from the LinguaLinks Library, Version 5.0 published on CD-ROM by SIL International, 2003.
	www.sil.org /linguistics/GlossaryOfLinguisticTerms/WhatIsAWord.htm (129 words)

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