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Topic: Claude Elwood Shannon

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	Claude Elwood Shannon - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Shannon was a distant relative of Thomas Edison.
		Shannon developed information entropy as a measure for the uncertainty in a message while essentially inventing what became known as the dominant form of "information theory." The book, co-authored with Warren Weaver, The Mathematical Theory of Communication, reprints Shannon's 1948 article and Weaver's popularization of it, which is accessible to the non-specialist.
		Shannon gave a rough example of an evaluation function in which the value of the fl position was subtracted from that of the white position.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Claude_Shannon (1898 words)

	CLAUDE SHANNON
		Claude Elwood Shannon was born in Gaylord, Michigan, on April 30, 1916, to Claude Elwood and Mabel Wolf Shannon.
		Shannon's grandfather was an inventor and a farmer.
		Shannon is as the founding father of electronic communications age since he noticed and discovered the similarity between Boolean algebra and the telephone switching circuits.
	www.nyu.edu /pages/linguistics/courses/v610003/shan.html (1917 words)

	Times obituary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Shannon's rather offhand approach to problems was not always popular with his earnest colleagues, who felt he lacked the rigour of the true researcher.
		Shannon was fascinated by artificial intelligence, and the electromechanical mouse turned out to be one of the earliest attempts to teach a machine to learn.
		Shannon's colleagues knew that he worked alone, behind his closed door, but that if anyone had a problem he was always happy to break off his own work to offer advice.
	www.aam314.vzz.net /Shannon.html (1567 words)

	Claude Shannon Bios (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Shannon household was considered to have harbored a "fairly well-educated and intellectually stimulating environment" for young Shannon.
		Shannon’s father was a judge in the tiny town of Gaylord, population of approximately 3,000, and was mathematically clever despite working in a non-mathematical field.
		Claude Shannon was educated at Michigan University, where he earned his bachelor of science degree in 1936.
	www.utexas.edu /coc/journalism/SOURCE/j363/shannon.html (1471 words)

	Shannon, Claude Elwood (1916-2001)
		Shannon was the first to realize that any sort of message can be transmitted as a series of 0's and 1's, regardless of whether it consists of words, numbers, pictures, or sound.
		Shannon was driven by curiosity, and in his own words he "just wondered how things were put together".
		Shannon also built a chess-playing computer, many years before IBM's Deep Blue, that played well against the world champion of the time, Mikhail Botvinnik (the computer lost only after 42 moves).
	www.daviddarling.info /encyclopedia/S/Shannon.html (314 words)

	IEEE History Center - Legacies: Claude E. Shannon
		Claude Elwood Shannon, Donner Professor of Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, has, in a long and celebrated career, developed the mathematical theories and techniques that make possible the analysis of switching circuits, computers and communications.
		Shannon has greatly extended his theoretical work since the original publication in 1947-48, dealing with such topics as the theory of cryptographic secrecy systems, multi-terminal communications networks, communications systems involving feedback, and communication in the presence of Gaussian noise.
		Shannon is married and his family includes one teen age son and a younger son and daughter.
	www.ieee.org /organizations/history_center/legacies/shannon.html (777 words)

	Biological Information Theory and Chowder Society Tribute to Claude E. Shannon
		Claude Elwood Shannon was born in Petoskey, Michigan, on April 30, 1916.
		As derived by Shannon it is the only measure of information that simultaneously meets the three conditions of being continuous over the probability, of monotonically increasing with the number of equiprobable outcomes, and of being the weighted sum of the same function defined on different partitions of the probable outcomes.
		At Bell Labs Shannon was known for his eclectic interests, and for his dexterity both at constructing devices and at juggling and riding his unicycle down the halls.
	www.lecb.ncifcrf.gov /~toms/shannontribute.html (913 words)

	Printable Version on Encyclopedia.com
		A student of Vannevar Bush at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), he was the first to propose the application of symbolic logic to the design of relay circuitry with his paper "A Symbolic Analysis of Relay and Switching Circuits" (1938).
		Shannon worked at Bell Telephone Laboratories from 1941-72 and initiated the field of information theory with his 1948 paper "A Mathematical Theory of Communication," which was retitled The Mathematical Theory of Communication when published in 1949 with a preface by Warren Weaver.
		Shannon returned to MIT in 1958, although he remained a consultant with Bell Telephone.
	www.encyclopedia.com /printable.aspx?id=1E1:Shannon (189 words)

	Bell Labs: Claude Shannon, Father of Information Theory, Dies at 84
		Claude Shannon's clever electromechanical mouse, which he called Theseus, was one of the earliest attempts to "teach" a machine to "learn" and one of the first experiments in artificial intelligence.
		Shannon's theory was an immediate success with communications engineers and stimulated the technology which led to today's Information Age.
		Shannon was born in Petoskey, Michigan, on April 30, 1916.
	www.bell-labs.com /news/2001/february/26/1.html (468 words)

	Father of Information Theory (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Claude Shannon Claude Elwood Shannon, a mathematician born in Gaylord, Michigan (U.S.) in 1916, is credited with two important contributions to information technology: the application of Boolean theory to electronic switching, thus laying the groundwork for the digital computer, and developing the new field called information theory.
		It is difficult to overstate the impact which Claude Shannon has had on the 20th century and the way we live and work in it, yet he remains practically unknown to the general public.
		Shannon spent the bulk of his career, a span of over 30 years from 1941 to 1972, at Bell Labs where he worked as a mathematician dedicated to research.
	www.trillian.com /bio/shannon.htm (135 words)

	shannonbio.html
		Claude Elwood Shannon was born in Petoskey, Michigan, on Sunday, April 30, 1916.
		He suggested to Shannon that algebra might be as useful in organizing genetic knowledge as it was in switching, and Shannon decided to look into this matter with a view toward using it for a doctoral thesis in mathematics.
		In 1956 Dr. Shannon was invited to be a visiting professor at M.I.T. and, in 1957-58, a fellow at the Center for the Study of the Behavioral Sciences in Palo Alto, California.
	www.research.att.com /~njas/doc/shannonbio.html (3740 words)

	Claude Shannon, Mathematician, Dies at 84
		Claude Elwood Shannon, the American mathematician and computer scientist whose theories laid the groundwork for the electronic communications networks that now lace the earth, died on Saturday in Medford, Mass., after a long fight with Alzheimer's disease.
		Born in Petoskey, Mich., on April 30, 1916, Claude Elwood Shannon got a bachelor's degree in mathematics and electrical engineering from the University of Michigan in 1936.
		Shannon also showed that if enough extra bits were added to a message, to help correct for errors, it could tunnel through the noisiest channel, arriving unscathed at the end.
	courses.dce.harvard.edu /~cscie160/27SHAN.html (1069 words)

	Biographical Profile: Claude Shannon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		US scientist Claude Elwood Shannon was author of The Mathematical Theory of Communication (PDF), a seminal work in information theory once described as "the magna carta of the information age".
		Born in 1916, Shannon was a distant relation of Thomas Edison and shared that inventor's passion for tinkering but not, apparently, his mania for self-promotion.
		Shannon graduated from the University of Michigan in 1936 with a Bachelor of Science in Electrical Engineering and Bachelor of Science in Mathematics.
	www.caslon.com.au /biographies/shannon.htm (506 words)

	shannon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Shannon himself was probably just looking for a subject for his thesis.
		Shannon retired at the age of 50, although he published papers sporadically over the next ten years.
		In the 1950s, Shannon turned his efforts to developing what was then called "intelligent machines,"—mechanisms that emulated the operations of the human mind to solve problems.
	web.mscc.huji.ac.il /techedu/techedu/people/shannon.html (423 words)

	claude shannon - computer science theory
		A Midwesterner, Claude Shannon was born in Gaylord, Michigan in 1916.
		Shannon graduated from MIT in 1940 with both a master’s degree and doctorate in mathematics.
		Shannon’s information theories eventually saw application in a number of disciplines in which language is a factor, including linguistics, phonetics, psychology and cryptography, which was an early love of Shannon’s.
	www.thocp.net /biographies/shannon_claude.htm (1372 words)

	Claude Shannon - a Whatis.com definition
		Claude Elwood Shannon, a mathematician born in Gaylord, Michigan (U.S.) in 1916, is credited with two important contributions to information technology: the application of Boolean theory to electronic switching, thus laying the groundwork for the digital computer, and developing the new field called information theory.
		Shannon had the insight to apply the two-valued Boolean logic to electrical circuits (which could be in either of two states - on or off).
		Shannon's varied retirement interests included inventing unicycles, motorized pogo sticks, and chess-playing robots as well as juggling - he developed an equation describing the relationship between the position of the balls and the action of the hands.
	whatis.techtarget.com /gDefinition/0,294236,sid44_gci214303,00.html (435 words)

	Claude Elwood Shannon Papers (Library of Congress)
		Copyright Status: The status of copyright in the unpublished writings of Claude Elwood Shannon is governed by the Copyright Law of the United States (Title 17, U.S.C.).
		Scope and Content Note The papers of Claude Elwood Shannon (1916-2001), mathematician, computer scientist, and information theorist, span the years 1932-1995, with the bulk of the material dating from 1938 to1989.
		Shannon's articles and papers published under the auspices of his employer, Bell Telephone Laboratories, Murray Hill, New Jersey, and meant for general dissemination are part of the Speeches and Writings, but technical memoranda, Shannon's work produced at the company, are part of the Bell Telephone Laboratories file in the Miscellany series.
	www.loc.gov /rr/mss/text/shannon.html (542 words)

	Modern Control Engineering - Shannon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Claude Shannon, another mid-western American, was born in Gaylord, Michigan in 1916.
		However, this led to Shannon's first major work, his master's dissertation on the topic 'A Symbolic Analysis of Relay and Switching Circuits.' In this he first pointed out the relationship between switching circuits and Boole's work on the Algebra of Logic and went on to use Boolean algebra to analyse and design switching circuits.
		Shannon showed how information could be expressed as a sequence of symbols (preferably binary digits) that were amenable to mathematical manipulation and analysis.
	www.cai.cam.ac.uk /students/study/engineering/engineer03l/ceshannon.htm (435 words)

	CybaCity (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Claude Shannon was born in Petoskey, Michigan, USA in 1916.
		However, in 1938 Claude Shannon published a paper, based on his 1937 thesis, entitled, "A Symbolic Analysis of Relay and Switching Circuits" where he explained how Boolean Logic could contribute to a more efficient circuit design.
		It is intriguing how the personal abilities of Shannon, with the combined expertise of electrical engineering and mathematics and who has been exposed to Boolen Logic as an undergraduate, was able to correctly indentify the contextual significance of Boolean Logic.
	www.cybacity.com /cc36.htm (360 words)

	Claude Elwood Shannon - QuickSeek Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Claude Elwood Shannon (April 30, 1916 – February 24, 2001), an American electrical engineer and mathematician, has been called "the father of information theory", and was the founder of practical digital circuit design theory.
		Shannon was born in Gaylord, Michigan and was a distant relative of Thomas Edison.
		To commemorate his achievements, there were celebrations of his work in 2001, and there are currently four statues of Shannon: one at the University of Michigan, one at MIT in the Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems, one in Gaylord, Michigan and another at Bell Labs.
	claudeelwoodshannon.quickseek.com (1554 words)

	Shannon (print-only) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Shannon was a graduate of the University of Michigan, being awarded a degree in mathematics and electrical engineering in 1936.
		Shannon wrote a Master's thesis A Symbolic Analysis of Relay and Switching Circuits on the use of Boole's algebra to analyse and optimise relay switching circuits.
		Shannon was the person who saw that the binary digit was the fundamental element in all of communication.
	www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk /~history/Printonly/Shannon.html (1207 words)

	Shannon, Claude Elwood (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		He argued that entropy is equivalent to a shortage of information content (a degree of uncertainty), and obtained a quantitative measure of the amount of information in a given message.
		Shannon reduced the notion of information to a series of yes/no choices, which could be presented by a binary code.
		Shannon was born in Gaylord, Michigan, and studied at the University of Michigan and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
	www.cartage.org.lb /en/themes/Biographies/MainBiographies/S/Shannon/1.html (172 words)

	Claude Shannon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Claude Elwood Shannon, considered the Father of the Information Age, died Saturday, February 24, 2001 at the age of 84.
		Shannon’s theories are as relevant and accurate now as they were in 1948 when he published his landmark Mathematical Theory of Communication.
		Shannon calculated that the ultimate information-carrying capacity of one strand of optical fiber might be 100 quadrillion telephone conversations encoded at 64kbps each; (that’s 1 followed by 17 zeros).
	www.livingstonmontana.com /access/dan/230claudeshannon.html (621 words)

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