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Topic: Claudication

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	Claudication - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Claudication refers to cramplike pains in the calves caused by poor circulation of the blood to the leg muscles.
		Spinal claudication is not due to lack of blood supply, but is instead the pain felt on exertion by patients whose leg pain is caused by nerve root compression, usually from a degenrative spine.
		It may be differentiated from arterial claudication in that it is often only relived by sitting down, whereas in arterial claudication standing at rest is usually sufficient to relieve the pain.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Claudication (359 words)

	UpToDate Patient information: Claudication
		Claudication occurs because blood flow to the extremities is compromised, resulting in an imbalance between the supply of blood available and the amount needed by the muscles.
		Cramping in the upper two-thirds of the calf is usually due to the narrowing of an artery in the thigh (the superficial femoral artery), whereas cramping in the lower third of the calf is due to disease in the artery behind the knee (the popliteal artery).
		Thigh claudication often results from the narrowing of an artery in the thigh (the common femoral artery), while foot claudication often occurs from narrowing of an artery in the lower part of the leg (the tibial or peroneal artery).
	patients.uptodate.com /topic.asp?file=hrt_dis/2048&title=Claudication (2500 words)

	Intermittent claudication - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Intermittent claudication is a cramping sensation in the legs that is present during exercise or walking and occurs as a result of decreased oxygen supply.
		Intermittent claudication in and of itself is often a symptom of severe atherosclerotic disease of the peripheral vascular system.
		The term claudication derives from the Latin verb "claudicare" which means to limp.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Intermittent_claudication (290 words)

	Stanford Hospital And Clinics - Stanford University Medical Center - Claudication (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-17)
		PAD is caused by a narrowing or blockage of arteries in the legs and/or aorta (the largest artery in the body and the primary blood vessel leading from the heart to the body), which may cause decreased blood flow to the muscles of the calf, thigh, or buttocks.
		Claudication may be a symptom of underlying systemic artery disease and is seen more often in persons who have blockages in other arteries, including the heart and brain.
		Claudication itself is a symptom of a narrowing or blockage of an artery.
	www.stanfordhospital.com /healthLib/greystone/heartCenter/heartConditionsinAdults/claudication.html (1122 words)

	Peripheral Artery Disease and Intermittent Claudication - UMMC
		Peripheral Artery Disease and Intermittent Claudication - UMMC
		Intermittent claudication is an important symptom of peripheral artery disease (PAD) and occurs in between a third and half of these patients.
		Claudication is taken from the Latin word "to limp" and it is the pain that occurs in PAD patients when they exercise, particularly during walking.
	www.umm.edu /patiented/articles/intermittent_claudication_other_symptoms_of_peripheral_artery_disease_000102_2.htm (627 words)

	Untitled Document
		Intermittent claudication is a symptom of peripheral arterial disease.
		Intermittent claudication is a symptom of peripheral arterial disease characterized by pain in the legs or buttocks during exercise.
		Intermittent claudication is a symptom of peripheral arterial disease and is characterized by pain felt in the legs or buttocks during exercise.
	medinfo.ufl.edu /~gec/coa2/intmclaudfaqs.htm (1583 words)

	Claudication - Heart Disease and other cardiovascular conditions on MedicineNet.com
		The usually intermittent nature of the pain of claudication is due to a temporary inadequate supply of oxygen to the muscles of the leg.
		Intermittent claudication can be due to temporary artery narrowing due to spasm of the artery (vasospasm,) permanent artery narrowing due to atherosclerosis, or the complete blockage of an artery of the leg.
		When claudication is severe and persistent, these procedures may be required to ultimately relieve the condition and the pain.
	www.medicinenet.com /claudication/article.htm (612 words)

	Diagnose-Me: Condition: Intermittent Claudication
		Intermittent Claudication, is a predictable pattern of lower leg pain caused by inadequate blood flow to exercising muscle.
		Intermittent claudication is caused by arterial insufficiency (inadequate blood supply), primarily due to atherosclerosis.
		Initial symptoms of intermittent claudication are pain, aching, cramping, or fatigue of the muscles in the lower limbs that develop during walking and are quickly relieved by rest.
	www.diagnose-me.com /cond/C265700.html (2733 words)

	INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION, cause, symptoms and treatment of leg pain
		Intermittent claudication is caused by peripheral vascular disease.
		Neurogenic claudication is pain in the legs due to compression of nerves in the spinal cord and can be very difficult to distinguish from claudication due to arterial problems.
		PVD is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular death and 50% of patients with claudication may die within 10 years from the effects of hardening of the arteries in other parts of the body (Shearman CP, 2002).
	www.vascular.co.nz /intermittent_claudication.htm (2587 words)

	Claudication and Rest Pain
		The presence of claudication signifies widespread vascular disease in the diabetic: in women the incidence of coronary disease, stroke and CHF is increased 3-4 fold compared to women with either diabetes or claudication alone; likewise in men stroke is increased 2-fold and CHF 3-fold.
		The mortality in claudicants is 30% at 5 years, 50% at 10 years, and 70% at 15 years, without any clear decrease in these figures over the last 30 to 40 years.
		It is likely that claudication patients are limited both by their claudication and frequently by other disease which together decrease or limit their activity levels.
	www.circulatorboot.com /literature/claudica.html (5056 words)

	VascularWeb: Claudication
		Claudication is pain or a tired or weak feeling that occurs in your legs, usually during activity such as walking.
		Claudication, which physicians also call intermittent claudication because it happens off and on, is a serious warning symptom because people who have it are also at increased risk for heart attack and stroke.
		Claudication is discomfort or pain in your legs that happens when you walk and goes away when you rest.
	www.vascularweb.org /_CONTRIBUTION_PAGES/Patient_Information/NorthPoint/Claudication.html (1002 words)

	MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Blockage of leg arteries
		Claudication; Intermittent claudication; Vaso-occlusive disease of the legs; Arterial insufficiency of the legs; Recurrent leg pain and cramping; Calf pain with exercise
		The limping that occurs from leg cramps is called claudication.
		Intermittent claudication is when the blockage occurs in the legs, most commonly in the calf or the foot.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/ency/article/003184.htm (646 words)

	Exercise and Intermittent Claudication [June 1998; 52-4]
		Intermittent claudication - pain, tension and weakness on walking which intensifies until walking becomes impossible, but disappears on resting - is estimated to affect 2% of people over 65 years.
		Ten randomised trials investigated the effect of exercises on the walking distance of patients with intermittent claudication due to peripheral vascular disease of the lower limbs.
		The effect of exercises on walking distance of patients with intermittent claudication: A study of randomised clinical trials.
	www.jr2.ox.ac.uk /bandolier/band52/b52-4.html (384 words)

	N101 \| Intermittent Claudication (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-17)
		Intermittent claudication is pain in the legs caused by atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries) of the lower extremities.
		The natural treatments for intermittent claudication include many of those used for atherosclerosis; these include controlling high cholesterol, modifying dietary and lifestyle factors that might influence atherosclerosis, and taking various nutritional supplements and herbs.
		Although exercise may be helpful in the treatment of intermittent claudication, it is important for all people with this condition to consult a healthcare practitioner before beginning an exercise program.
	www.n101.com /Static/HNs/Concern/Intermittent_Claudication.htm (2131 words)

	Claudication
		Claudication is a cramping pain in the calf or thigh muscle.
		The word “claudication” has its roots in the Latin word “claudicare”, which means “to limp.”; When claudication is caused by a blocked leg artery, the pain occurs even at rest.
		Claudication occurs because too little blood is flowing to the muscle.
	www.hmc.psu.edu /healthinfo/c/claudication.htm (912 words)

	Cardiovascular Branch, Clincal Cardiology - Division of Intramural Research, NHLBI, NIH
		Intermittent claudication (from the latin claudus, lame) is muscular leg pain during exercise that is relieved promptly at rest.
		Intermittent claudication is usually caused by artery blockages due to atherosclerosis, the same disease that causes heart attacks and many strokes.
		Patients with intermittent claudication should be evaluated by a physician to determine how to prevent heart disease and or stroke by smoking cessation, treatment of high cholesterol, hypertension, and diabetes.
	dir.nhlbi.nih.gov /labs/cb/cip/genetransfer.asp (900 words)

	Claudication
		Claudication is the name given to pain in the leg caused by "furred up" or blocked arteries.
		If you have claudication, the main arteries to the leg (like motorways) are narrowed (only one lane rather than 3) or blocked (motorway closed).
		Most people with intermittent claudication do not require surgery but if your symptoms are very severe, or if they do not improve, further treatment may be necessary.
	bdb.org.uk /Claudicationinfo.htm (985 words)

	Intermittent Claudication - Heart Canada - Part of the LifeMD.com Family
		Intermittent claudication is a symptom of arterial insufficiency, a form of vascular disease.
		Specifically, intermittent claudication is a predictable pattern of lower leg pain caused by inadequate blood flow to exercising muscle.
		Intermittent claudication is a syndrome caused by arterial insufficiency (inadequate blood supply), primarily due to atherosclerosis.
	www.heartcanada.com /claudication.php (647 words)

	Peripheral Arterial Disease and Claudication -- familydoctor.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-17)
		Claudication occurs because not enough blood is flowing to a muscle.
		Risk factors for claudication and PAD include high blood pressure, diabetes, high cholesterol, cigarette smoking and older age.
		Claudication is also more likely in people who already have atherosclerosis in other arteries, such as the arteries in the heart or brain.
	familydoctor.org /x2274.xml?printxml (943 words)

	Ginkgo Biloba May Help Some With Painful Leg Cramps
		Claudication occurs because of blockages in the arteries that supply blood, oxygen and nutrients to the legs.
		When someone with claudication tries to walk, the muscles in the legs are starved for oxygen, and thus become painful.
		Claudication is painful cramping in the legs caused by blockages in the arteries, which limit oxygen supply to the muscles.
	my.webmd.com /content/article/1728.56107 (793 words)

	Intermittent claudication definition - Heart Disease and other cardiovascular conditions on MedicineNet.com
		Intermittent claudication may occur in one or both legs and often continues to worsen over time.
		The usually intermittent nature of the pain is due to narrowing of the arteries that supply the leg with blood, limiting the supply of oxygen to the leg muscles, a limitation that is felt especially when the oxygen requirement of these muscles rises with exercise.
		Intermittent claudication can be due to temporary artery narrowing due to vasospasm (spasm of the artery), permanent artery narrowing due to atherosclerosis, or complete occlusion (closure) of an artery to the leg.
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=9218 (712 words)

	Claudication: When circulation problems cause leg pain
		Claudication is most often a symptom of peripheral arterial disease, a potentially serious but treatable circulation problem.
		Claudication is sometimes considered a disease, but technically, it's a symptom of a disease.
		Claudication may limit your ability to participate in social and leisure activities, interfere with work, and, of course, make exercise intolerable.
	www.cnn.com /HEALTH/library/HQ/01238.html (1436 words)

	Claudication
		Pain, or claudication, occurs when the muscles do not receive the oxygen and nutrients they need.
		Claudication is a term used to describe the pain that occurs in the arms and legs during exercise.
		Risk factors for atherosclerosis include your age, if you are over 45, smoking, elevated cholesterol, high blood pressure, coronary artery disease, diabetes, obesity or a family history of the disease.
	www.med.umich.edu /1libr/aha/umcirc05.htm (206 words)

	Clopidogrel Demonstrates Superior Benefit in Patients at Risk of Stroke (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-17)
		Moreover, over a period of five years, 25% to 30% of patients with claudication will also have suffered a heart attack, a stroke or vascular death, a fact that is consistent with the shared atherothrombotic pathophysiology of these conditions.
		Clopidogrel is a remarkably safe medicine," said Professor Marc Verstraete of the Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology of the Katholeike University, Universiteit, Leuven, Belgium, and a member of the CAPRIE Steering Committee and Chairman of the Central Validation Committee.
		That means that claudicants who were given clopidogrel, as compared with aspirin, were at less risk of a disabling or life threatening event.
	www.pslgroup.com /dg/DC1A.htm (1846 words)

	Smoking cessation and nafronyl for intermittent claudication
		Nafronyl improves pain-free walking distance and total walking distance in patients with stage II intermittent claudication by approximately 60 metres and 70 metres respectively.
		It is most frequently caused by atherosclerotic narrowing of the iliac and femoral arteries, often in combination with similar lesions of more distal arteries of the leg.
		Inclusion criteria were controlled trials of smoking cessation or nafronyl for intermittent claudication at stage II of the disease; randomised and non-randomised trials; trials not in selected population groups; placebo or inactive comparison; English language reports.
	www.jr2.ox.ac.uk /bandolier/booth/painpag/Chronrev/Other/CP100.html (465 words)

	The practical management of claudication -- Davies 321 (7266): 911 -- BMJ
		Intermittent claudication is underrecognised as a risk factor for coronary and cerebrovascular events.
		Exercise is widely held to be beneficial to patients with intermittent claudication, but it has been applied with little enthusiasm.
		Smoking is one of the most important risk factors associated with intermittent claudication.
	bmj.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/321/7266/911 (1062 words)

	Business Wire: Novel Agent for Intermittent Claudication, NM-7... @ HighBeam Research
		Intermittent claudication is a common manifestation of peripheral vascular disease due to atherosclerosis.
		Intermittent claudication occurs when reduced blood flow to the legs results in inadequate oxygen to meet the demands of the muscles during exercise.
		Symptoms associated with intermittent claudication include cramping, aching, fatigue or discomfort that occurs in the muscles of the calves, thighs or buttocks.
	www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1G1:110066965&refid=holomed_1 (647 words)

	West Suburban Cardiologists, Ltd (Chicago) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-17)
		Intermittent Claudication (painful walking) occurs when there is compromised blood flow into the legs resulting in pain in the thigh and calf muscles with physical activity.
		The risk factors that lead to the development of the plaque responsible for claudication are the same as those causing vascular disease elsewhere.
		Vascular surgery is often very effective in reducing or eliminating symptoms of intermittent claudication and for avoiding amputations in patients at risk for limb loss.
	www.westsubcardiology.com /pages/cath/pvd/claudtext.html (1100 words)

	MotherNature.com - Intermittent Claudication
		The natural treatments for intermittent claudication include many of the same as those for atherosclerosis; these include controlling high cholesterol, modifying dietary and lifestyle factors that might influence atherosclerosis, and taking various nutritional supplements and herbs.
		After reading this article, refer to the atherosclerosis article for more information about dietary changes that might favorably influence hardening of the arteries or the risk of heart disease associated with it.
		Dietary changes that may be helpful: Important dietary changes for preventing atherosclerosis (and, consequently, intermittent claudication) include avoiding meat and dairy fat, increasing fiber, and possibly avoiding foods containing trans fatty acids.
	www.mothernature.com /Library/Ency/Index.cfm/Id/1224003 (1906 words)

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