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Topic: Clavicle

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	II. Osteology. 6a. The Bones of the Upper Extremity. 1. The Clavicle. Gray, Henry. 1918. Anatomy of the Human Body. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		—The sternal extremity of the clavicle is triangular in form, directed medialward, and a little downward and forward; it presents an articular facet, concave from before backward, convex from above downward, which articulates with the manubrium sterni through the intervention of an articular disk.
		The lower part of the facet is continued on to the inferior surface of the bone as a small semi-oval area for articulation with the cartilage of the first rib.
		In the female, the clavicle is generally shorter, thinner, less curved, and smoother than in the male.
	www.bartleby.com /107/49.html (1048 words)

	Clavicle Fracture
		The clavicle is an s-shaped bone that ties the appendicular skeleton to the axial skeleton.
		The medial physeal plate is responsible for the majority of the remaining clavicle growth until adulthood.
		The incidence of clavicle fractures seems to be increasing; this may be due to increasing participation in contact sports and/or increasing motor vehicle accidents.
	www.athleticadvisor.com /Injuries/UE/Shoulder/clavicle_fracture.htm (864 words)

	Clavicle fracture - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		A clavicle fracture is a bone fracture in the clavicle, or collarbone.
		Clavicle fractures involve approximately 5% of all fractures in seen in ED.
		Clavicle fractures can be present in the newborn period, especially following a difficult delivery.
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/Clavicle_fracture (203 words)

	John's Clavicle Page
		Clavicles fractures are also classified according to where the break occurs and, not surprisingly, most occur around the middle of the bone.
		A broken clavicle cannot be fixed in the same way as a leg or arm say, by surrounding the limb is a plaster cast.
		If the clavicle is broken and does not form a union, then, after the healing process has completed, the most likely source of discomfort is action of the flailing bone ends on the surrounding nerves.
	www.jpy.com /john/clavicle (3720 words)

	Clavicle Fractures - Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics
		- Non-union of fractures of the mid-shaft of the clavicle.
		Osteosynthesis of irreducible fractures of the clavicle with 2.7-MM ASIF plates.
		Atlanto-axial rotatory fixation and fracture of the clavicle.
	www.wheelessonline.com /ortho/clavicle_fractures (904 words)

	The Physician and Sportsmedicine: Clavicle Injuries
		Clavicle fractures are classified by the location of the fracture (middle, distal, or proximal thirds) and further described by the amount of angulation, comminution, and displacement at the fracture site.
		During clavicle displacement, the proximal segment is drawn superiorly by the sternocleidomastoid muscle, while the distal segment droops inferiorly from the force of gravity and the pull of the pectoralis major.
		Omer GE Jr: Osteotomy of the clavicle in surgical reduction of anterior sternoclavicular dislocation.
	www.physsportsmed.com /issues/1996/03_96/hutch.htm (3141 words)

	Clavicle - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The clavicle is a doubly-curved long bone (the only horizontal long bone in the human body) that connects the arm (upper limb) to the body (trunk), located directly above the first rib.
		It is a dermal bone derived from elements originally attached to the skull.
		The clavicle is the first bone to begin the process of hardening (ossification) during development of the embryo, during the 5th and 6th weeks of gestation.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Clavicle (585 words)

	The Physician and Sportsmedicine: Clavicle Fractures
		Embryonically, the clavicle develops by a combination of intramembranous and endochondral ossification, with the central part of the clavicle ossifying first and providing most of the growth of the clavicle for the first 5 years of life.
		Clavicle fractures account for approximately 1 in 20 of all fractures and 44% of all injuries to the shoulder girdle.
		Allman FL Jr: Fractures and ligamentous injuries of the clavicle and its articulation.
	www.physsportsmed.com /issues/2003/1203/housner.htm (3288 words)

	Clavicle: clavicle bone
		In human anatomy, the clavicle or collar bone is a bone that makes up part of the shoulder girdle (pectoral girdle).
		Clavicles are found in many tetrapods but tend to be rudimentary or absent in those using their forelimbs primarily for support or running and present where the forelimbs are used for grasping or brachiation.
		Questions for article: anatomy clavicle, anatomy of clavicle, clavicle, clavicle bone, clavicle bone fracture, clavicle muscle, deltoid tubercle of clavicle, how many bones are in the clavicle, what is the anatomical name for the collar bone?, www.
	winelib.com /wiki/Clavicle (611 words)

	Medcyclopaedia - Clavicle
		of the clavicle may occur in one of three functional segments: a distal or interligamentous segment (the outer 25 - 30% of the bone), an intermediate segment (the middle 40 - 50%), and an inner segment (the medial 25%).
		of the clavicle occurs in young and middle-aged women with a history of stress to the region of the sternoclavicular joint.
		On radiographs bone sclerosis and mild enlargement may be observed at the inferomedial aspect of the clavicle, with osteophytes in the inferior margin of the clavicular head.
	www.medcyclopaedia.com /library/topics/volume_iii_1/c/CLAVICLE.aspx (1196 words)

	Clavicle Fractures
		Fractures of the clavicle are common in pediatrics.
		5% of clavicle fractures are associated with brachial plexus injuries.
		The clavicle may also have a greenstick fracture that is overlooked by a radiograph.
	pedclerk.bsd.uchicago.edu /clavicleFrac.html (277 words)

	Shoulder Solutions — A Broken collarbone is also known as a broken clavicle. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The collarbone, called the clavicle by doctors, is an "S" shaped bone that connects the shoulder to the breastplate (called the sternum).
		The joint between the clavicle and a part of the shoulder blade called the acromion is known as the A/C joint.
		The clavicle is designed to support the shoulder, acting like a strut that helps to align the shoulder with the rest of the chest.
	www.shouldersolutions.com /ac_4.php (971 words)

	Ultrasonographic imaging of fractures of the clavicle in newborn infants Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery - Find ...
		In combination with clinical examination, ultrasound is a satisfactory alternative to radiological assessment for the diagnosis of fractures of the clavicle in newborn children.
		Fracture of the clavicle is one of the commonest injuries in the neonate.
		The differentiation of a fracture from congenital pseudarthrosis of the clavicle requires experience, but identification of the second rib, the acromioclavicular joint and the sternoclavicular joint is less difficult.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3767/is_200301/ai_n9227890 (834 words)

	Clavicle
		The clavicle (collar bone) is the bone that runs along the front of the shoulder to the breast bone (sternum).
		Medically speaking the clavicle serves as protector of the brachial plexus and acts as a strut which provides the only bony connection between upper limb bones and the thorax.
		Clavicle fractures are a painful injury caused by most often by substantial impact transmitted through an outstretched arm usually due to falling, or as a result of a direct impact to the clavicle (sometimes caused by a full face helmet during a crash).
	www.legalbriefs.us /clavicle.htm (180 words)

	Article : Aneurysmal Bone Cyst of Clavicle ; Author : Dr. C Pamecha ; Co-Author(s) : Jg Patel, ln Patel, Pr Patel; Vol ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Aneurysmal bone cyst is an uncommon benign tumor in clavicle.
		Clavicle involves nearly 3% of all cases of anerysmal bone cyst[1].
		Clavicle accounts for 3% of all aneurysmal bone cyst in series of 465 cases[1].
	www.ijri.org /articles/ARCHIVES/2004-14-2/musculoskeletal179.htm (730 words)

	Clavicle Fracture Repair
		Mid-shaft clavicle fractures occur most commonly from falls onto the shoulder. We see the most from bicycling, skiing and snowboarding falls.
		Clavicle fractures present a unique challenge to self-healing because the shoulder cannot be placed in a cast during the healing process.
		The clavicle is directly under the skin with no overlying fat, making fractures cosmetically apparent, and moreover, they hurt.
	www.stoneclinic.com /clavicle_fracture_repair.htm (596 words)

	Clavicle (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The clavicle lies almost horizontally and is subcutaneous, with its smooth upper surface palpable throughout its length.
		In this way the clavicle acts as a strut, holding the arm away from the trunk, and it also serves to transmit forces from the upper limb to the axial skeleton.
		The inferior surface of the middle third of the clavicle is marked by a groove for insertion of the subclavius muscle.
	www.anatomist.co.uk /MusculoskeletalSystem/Clavicle.htm (1433 words)

	Posttraumatic Osteolysis of the Clavicle
		Distal osteolysis of the clavicle associated with trauma was first described in 1936.
		Posttraumatic osteolysis is not only seen in the distal clavicle, but also can occur at the medial clavicle, pubic symphysis and ischial rami, distal ulna and radius, carpal bones, distal phalanges, and the femoral neck.
		Posttraumatic osteolysis of the clavicle is an uncommon condition that must not be overlooked in our active patients with shoulder pain.
	www.chiroweb.com /archives/24/13/14.html (1062 words)

	Clavicle
		The clavicle is a small, simple bone that articulates with the acromion process of the scapula and the manubrium of the sternum.
		The sternal end of the clavicle is somewhat rounded while the acromial end that articulates with the scapula is flattened.
		The superior surface of the clavicle is smooth, while the inferior surface contains a prominent ridge.
	bioweb.uwlax.edu /aplab/Table_of_Contents/Lab_04/Clavicle/clavicle.html (92 words)

	Clavicle fracture - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Clavicle fractures involve approximately 5% of all fractures in seen in hospital emergency admissions.
		Surgical intervention in the region of the clavicle is avoided if possible, due to various important structures beneath.
		After two to three months the clavicle begins to strengthen back to normal, to gain its former full strength after half a year.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Clavicle_fracture (358 words)

	eMedicine - Fractures, Clavicle : Article by Lawrence C Brilliant, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		In adults, the force required to fracture the clavicle is greater, healing occurs at a slower rate, and risk of potential complications is higher.
		Pathophysiology: The clavicle is the sole articulation of the shoulder girdle to the trunk.
		Approximately 80% of clavicle fractures occur in the middle third (class A), 15% involve the distal or lateral third (class B), and 5% the proximal or medial third (class C).
	www.emedicine.com /emerg/topic190.htm (2350 words)

	Clavicle Fracture - Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		A clavicle fracture is a break in the clavicle bone (also called the collarbone).
		A clavicle fracture is caused by trauma to the clavicle bone.
		Most clavicle fractures can be treated with either a figure-of-eight strap, which is wrapped around the body and the shoulders, or with the arm in a sling.
	www.columbia-stmarys.org /17814.cfm (535 words)

	Clavicle Fracture, UPMC Sports Medicine, UPMC \| University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA USA
		Since clavicle fractures are nearly always results of falls or blows, there is not much that can be done to prevent them.
		The best way to prevent reoccurrences of a clavicle fracture is to only return to practice and competition when all symptoms of the injury are gone and strength has returned to normal.
		The key to improving sports performance after recovering from a clavicle fracture is a proper rehabilitation program, and adhering to some of those same principles after the injury is gone.
	sportsmedicine.upmc.com /InjuriesClavicleFracture.htm (209 words)

	eMedicine - Acromioclavicular Injury : Article by Cappi Lay, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The AC ligament is the principle restraint to anteroposterior translation between the clavicle and the acromion.
		The immature clavicle is encased in a periosteal tube.
		Distal clavicle excision has been noted to produce inferior results compared with the same surgery in patients with type I injury due to increased instability of the AC joint.
	www.emedicine.com /EMERG/topic14.htm (3436 words)

	Clavicle Fracture -- eCureMe.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The clavicle is the bone located between the shoulder and the chest.
		s occur in the middle third of the clavicle.
		The main cause of fracture is trauma, such as falling on the shoulder or a direct blow to the clavicle with a heavy object.
	www.ecureme.com /emyhealth/data/clavicle_fracture.asp (113 words)

	Amyloidoma of the Clavicle -- Rachbauer et al. 181 (3): 771 -- American Journal of Roentgenology
		Amyloidoma of the Clavicle -- Rachbauer et al.
		1% of all primary bone tumors arise in the clavicle [1].
		CT scans obtained through tumor show complete destruction of expanded distal end of clavicle (arrow, B) with vanishing margins (arrowheads, C) and remaining bone trabeculae.
	www.ajronline.org /cgi/content/full/181/3/771 (1229 words)

	Dr. Koop - Fractured clavicle in the newborn
		There is generally decreased movement of the arm on the side with the fractured clavicle.
		Sometimes the fracture can be felt with the fingers, but more often there is no visible or palpable evidence of abnormality.
		Within a few weeks, a hard lump may develop where the bone is healing, and may be the only indication that the newborn had a fractured clavicle.
	www.drkoop.com /ency/93/001588sym.html (320 words)

	shoulder surgery, shoulder treatment, clavicle fracture
		The clavicle or collarbone connects the shoulder to the chest wall. Fractures of the clavicle can result from either an indirect trauma with a fall to an outstretched arm or, much less commonly, they occur due to a direct blow to the collarbone.
		Surgery may be appropriate when the fracture fragments are widely separated. Surgery is also recommended when nerve vessel injury has taken place or if the healing of the fracture has occurred in a mal-united position.
		Surgery often involves using devices to fixate the fracture site internally. There are several devices available to fix clavicle fractures. The most appropriate one for you will depend on the type of fracture you have.
	cms.clevelandclinic.org /ortho/body.cfm?id=106 (1186 words)

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