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	Pope Clement X - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Clement X confirmed the exemptions granted by Pope Gregory XIII (1572â“85) to the German College at Rome in 1671; and then, on October 16, 1672, he ordered the pupils to swear that at the close of their studies they would set out for Germany without a day's delay.
		On January 13, 1672, Clement X regulated the formalities to be observed in removing the relics of saints from sacred cemeteries.
		Clement X, on the 24th of November, 1673, beatified nineteen martyrs of Gorcum, taken prisoner at Gorcum, the Netherlands, and put to death in Brielle on the 9th of July, 1572, in hatred of the Catholic faith, the primacy of the Pope, the Roman Church, and the Holy Sacrament of the Eucharist.
	enc.qba73.com /link-Pope_Clement_X (2334 words)

	pope clement ii - Article and Reference from OnPedia.com
		All this was met with criticism from church reformers, although Clement's pontificate, starting with the Roman synod of 1047, initiated an improvement on the state of things in the Catholic church, particularly through enacting decrees against simony.
		Clement died in October 1047, and was interred at Bamberg, which he had loved dearly.
		Clement's tomb in the western choir of the Bamberg Cathedral is the only tomb of a pope north of the Alps.
	www.onpedia.com /encyclopedia/pope-clement-ii (214 words)

	Pope Clement VI
		Clement VI, pope (1342-1352), (Pierre Roger, archbishop of Rouen, France), the fourth of the Avignon popes, was elected in May 1342.
		The money was never paid, but Clement may have deemed that he gave the queen a full equivalent by absolving her from the murder of her husband.
		The other chief incidents of his pontificate were his disputes with Edward III of England on account of the latter's encroachments on ecclesiastical jurisdiction, his excommunication of the Emperor Louis of Bavaria, his negotiations for reunion with the Eastern Church, and the commencement of Cola di Rienzi's agitation at Rome.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/po/Pope_Clement_VI.html (179 words)

	Pope Urban VI: Definition and Links by Encyclopedian.com
		...Pope Urban VI Pope Urban VI Urban VI, born Bartolommeo Prignani (1318 - 1389...(1318 - 1389), pope (1378 to 1389), was a native of Naples.
		Urban VI, born Bartolommeo Prignani (1318 - 1389), pope (1378 to 1389), was a native of Naples.
		Clement VII was of course, excommunicated, and designated the Antichrist; twenty-six new cardinals were created in a single day, and by an arbitrary alienation of the estates and property of the church, funds were raised for open war.
	www.encyclopedian.com /po/Pope-Urban-VI.html (517 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Pope Clement VI
		About 1344 Clement VI granted the sovereignty of the Canary Islands to the Castilian Prince Louis de la Cerda, on condition that no other Christian ruler had acquired any right to their possession.
		Edward III vehemently complained of the exactions of the Avignon Court, and in 1351 was passed the Statute of Provisors, according to which the king reserved the right of presentation in all cases of papal appointments to benefices.
		Clement VI was nevertheless a protector of the oppressed and a helper of the needy.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/04023a.htm (1397 words)

	Encyclopedia
		Clement attempted to centralize church finances by decreeing that all ecclesiastical benefices—revenue-producing church properties—were under the sole jurisdiction of the papacy.
		The central event of Clement’s reign was the plague known as the Black Death (1348–50); during this crisis, he displayed uncommon charity and courage.
		Clement was also a generous patron of the arts.
	history.com /encyclopedia.do?vendorId=FWNE.fw..cl155700.a#FWNE.fw..c... (511 words)

	History of the Christian Church, Volume VI: The Middle Ages. A.D. 1294-1517. \| Christian Classics Ethereal Library
		Clement’s coronation was celebrated at Lyons, Philip and his brother Charles of Valois, the Duke of Bretagne and representatives of the king of England being present.
		Clement opened it with an address on Psalm 111:1, 2, and designated three subjects for its consideration, the case of the order of the Templars, the relief of the Holy Land and Church reform.
		Clement’s grave is reported to have been opened and looted by the Calvinists in 1568 or 1577.
	www.ccel.org /ccel/schaff/hcc6.ii.ii.v.html (5403 words)

	NPNF2-01. Eusebius Pamphilius: Church History, Life of Constantine, Oration in Praise of Constantine \| Christian ...
		Clement left Alexandria in 202, or before, and this, as well as the rest of his works, was written in all probability before that time at the latest.
		But Clement of course cannot have dedicated a work to him while he was still his pupil, and in fact we shall be safe in saying that Alexander must have gained some prominence before Clement would be led to dedicate a work to him.
		I. 21, where Clement engages in a chronological study for the purpose of showing that the wisdom of the Hebrews is older than that of the Greeks, and refers to Cassian’s Exegetica and Tatian’s Address to the Greeks as containing discussions of the same subject; again in Strom.
	www.ccel.org /ccel/schaff/npnf201.iii.xi.xiii.html (3233 words)

	AllRefer.com - Clement VI, pope (Roman Catholic Popes And Antipopes) - Encyclopedia
		Clement VI, pope, Roman Catholic Popes And Antipopes
		He had a quarrel with Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV over the annulment of Margaret Maultasch's marriage; the struggle was aggravated by enmity between the pope and the German archbishops, caused by the elevation of Prague into an archbishopric, detaching it from Mainz.
		Clement spent extravagantly, had an elegant court, patronized the arts, and vastly favored his relatives.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/C/Clement6.html (301 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Clement (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Clement VI 1291-1352, pope (1342-52), a Frenchman named Pierre Roger; successor of Benedict XII.
		He is traditionally identified with St. Clement of Rome, the likely author of a letter written from there to the Corinthian church in c.AD 96.
		Clement VII c.1475-1534, pope (1523-34), a Florentine named Giulio de' Medici; successor of Adrian VI.
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Clement (601 words)

	Pope Clement VI
		Clement took up with ardour the long-standing conflict between the Emperor Louis the Bavarian and the papacy.
		More of a temporal prince than an ecclesiastical ruler, Clement was munificent to profusion, a patron of arts and letters, a lover of good cheer, well-appointed banquets and brilliant receptions, to which ladies were freely admitted.
		While in many places, numerous Jews were massacred by the populace as being the cause of the pestilence, Clement issued Bulls for their protection and afforded them a refuge in his little State.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/c/clement_vi,pope.html (1388 words)

	Pope Clement I - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Pope Clement I, the bishop of Rome also called Clement of Rome and Clemens Romanus, is considered to be the fourth pope, after Anacletus, according to the Roman Catholic tradition.
		Liber Pontificalis believes that Clement of Rome had personally known Saint Peter, and states that he wrote two letters (the second letter, 2 Clement is no longer ascribed to Clement) and that he died in Greece in the third year of Trajan's reign, or 100.
		Clement is also the hero of an early Christian romance or novel that has survived in at least two different versions, known as the Clementine literature, where he is identified with Domitian's cousin T. Flavius Clemens.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pope_Clement_I (504 words)

	Clement VI
		Pre Renabcdissabcdnce Pope Clement VI Clement VI, born of abcd noble house in Limousin, wabcds abcdccustomed to luxury, gabcdiety, abcdnd abcdrt, abcdnd could not understabcdnd why abcd pope should be abcdustere when the pabcdpabcdl treabcdsury wabcds full.
		Under Clement VI abcdvignon becabcdme the cabcdpitabcdl not only of the religion but of the politics, culture, pleabcdsure, abcdnd corruption of the Labcdtin world.
		Clement thought of himself abcds abcd ruler who habcdd to abcdwe his subjects abcdnd impress abcdmbabcdssabcddors by "conspicuous consumption" abcdfter the custom of kings.
	teachers.sduhsd.k12.ca.us /gstimson/clementv.htm (1684 words)

	CLEMENT VI (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		CLEMENT VI It is said that Philip VI of France sent an envoy to Avignon to secure the election of his favorite, Pierre Roger.
		Clement VI, like Benedict XII, had been a monk; but while Benedict remained the austere religious bent upon reform, Clement developed into a magnificent prince, scattering largesse with both hands.
		Not that Clement was a bad man (Petrarch's accusations seem unfounded) but his court echoed to the music of the lute and the lively trumpets of the tournament.
	www.cfpeople.org /Books/Pope/POPEp196.htm (488 words)

	History of the Popes
		Clement has been identified with the Clement mentioned by St. Paul in his Epistle to the Philippians; but that Clement seems to have been a Philippian.
		Modern scholars think that St. Clement was a freedman or the son of a freedman of the imperial household.
		Clement was exiled by the Emperor Trajan to the Chersonese, modern Crimea.
	www.geocities.com /gvwrite/popes.htm (22170 words)

	Clement IV - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		As pope he continued the struggle against the Hohenstaufen by confirming the agreement with Charles I (Charles of Anjou) that gave Charles the crown of Naples, by raising an army for him, and by investing him with the kingdom.
		He was a strong opponent of nepotism, and he was the patron of Roger Bacon.
		Clement VI The Oxford Dictionary of Popes; 1/1/1996; J. 1297 words
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-clement4.html (263 words)

	Pope Clement XI - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The most memorable event of Clement XI's administration was the publication in 1713 of the bull Unigenitus, which so greatly disturbed the peace of the church in France, sometimes called the Gallican church.
		Clement XI's family library was sold between 1864 and 1928, and part of it was purchased by The Catholic University of America.
		Clement established a committee, overseen by his favorite artists, Carlo Maratta and Carlo Fontana, to commission statuary of the apostles to complete the decoration of San Giovanni in Laterano.
	enc.qba73.com /link-Pope_Clement_XI (514 words)

	Provence-Hideaways (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Only in 1348, 43 years after the Holy See's move to Avignon, was Avignon purchased by Pope Clement VI for 80.000 florins from Joanna d'Anjou, Queen of Naples and Provence (he subsequently declared Joanna innocent of complicity in the murder of her husband).
		Pope Clement VI: 1342—1352, born in 1291 as Pierre Roger in a small village in the Corrèze, a Benedictine monk and doctor of theology.
		Clement VII, born Robert of Geneva, antipope from 1378 - 1394; the "official" Pope Clement VII is Giuliano de Medici (pope from 1523 to 1534).
	www.provence-hideaway.com /218.html (2109 words)

	Avignon Papacy - Pope Clement VII - Palace of the Popes - Pope Clement 7
		Avignon Papacy - Pope Clement VII - Palace of the Popes - Pope Clement 7
		Clement VII - Pope from 1378 to 1394
		Even more, the court of Clement VII shelters the young cardinal Pierre de Luxembourg, his nephew, a saint who demonstrates such devotion that when he dies (from deprivations and penitences) his tomb becomes a place of contemplation and miracles, visited by many pilgrims.
	www.avignon-et-provence.com /avignon-tourism/popes-avignon/pope-clement-vii.htm (345 words)

	Popes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The Florentine bankruptcies caused Clement to seek elsewhere for his bankers, but the problem was not a lack of revenue.
		Clement dispatched his nephew Astorge de Durfort to reestablish papal authority in the Romagna.
		Clement helped secure the election in 1346 of the German king Charles IV, who allied with the papacy.
	gallery.euroweb.hu /database/glossary/popes/clemen06.html (349 words)

	[No title]
		Clement V was as ill-advised in beginning the war of Ferrara as he was ill-starred in his victory.
		Urban VI was, at this time, a man close on sixty, and he had been one of the leading figures in the curia at Avignon for nearly twenty years.
		Clement VII was to go with him, and the date for the assembly was already fixed (March 1391), when the diplomacy of Richard II of England was set in movement by Boniface, and it effectively halted the scheme.
	www.freivald.org /~jake/church-history/historyOfTheChurch_volume3chapter3.html (18088 words)

	Avignon Popes - Provence Beyond
		Clement V stayed in the Dominican Monastery on his occasional visits to Avignon.
		Clement VI (1342-1352), was Pierre Roger, a rich aristocrat.
		In 1348, Clement VI also bought the city of Avignon from Queen Jeanne of Naples.
	www.beyond.fr /villages/avignonpopes.html (457 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Louis VI the Roman (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Charles VI 1685-1740, Holy Roman emperor (1711-40), king of Bohemia (1711-40) and, as Charles III, king of Hungary (1712-40); brother and successor of Holy Roman Emperor Joseph I.
		The son of John of Luxemburg, Charles was educated at the French court and fought the English at Crécy, where his father's heroic death made him king of Bohemia.
		Clement VI The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church; 1/1/2000; E. 131 words
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Louis+VI+the+Roman (664 words)

	The Ecole Glossary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		1291 in Aquitaine, Clement VI was the fourth pope to serve from Avignon.
		In 1348, the Black Death again spread in France, and nearly a quarter of the papal staff at Avignon died of the disease.
		Clement died in 1352 and was buried at Chaise-Dieu, where he had been a monk.
	www2.evansville.edu /ECOLEWEB/glossary/clementvi.html (158 words)

	December 22 DAILY CATHOLIC TEXT Section Two (dec22txt.htm)
		While Benedict XII had been a man of prayer, Clement VI was a man of the world, filling the Avignon courts with musicians and dancers that, too often gave cause for scandal to the rest of Christendom who wondered what the papal court had been turned into.
		Clement gave it little credence and stuck to his ways as Brigid retreated to Rome where she made an impression on the people with her austerity, holiness and great caring for the people and pilgrims to an empty Holy See.
		Despite Clement's refusal, she would continue to campaign for the papacy to be rightfully returned to Rome, something she would succeed in doing with Blessed Pope Urban V but only for a short time because of the tumultous climate and dangerous conditions in Rome at that time.
	www.dailycatholic.org /issue/98Dec/dec22txt.htm (3517 words)

	Papacy in the Late Middle Ages - Knox (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		As part of this quarrel, Clement made such outrageous demands (in exchange for finally recognizing Lewis as Emperor), that he infuriated the German nobility.
		Petrarch was not the only critic of Clement's court, nor were the critics motivated only by national interests.
		For example, when mobs attacked the Jews, blaming them for the plague, Clement wrote two papal bulls strongly condemning these acts, and he asked his bishops to take steps to protect the Jews in their dioceses.
	www.boisestate.edu /courses/latemiddleages/papacy/09.shtml (642 words)

	Avignon Papacy - Pope Clement VI - Palace of the Popes - Pope Clement 6
		Avignon Papacy - Pope Clement VI - Palace of the Popes - Pope Clement 6
		Clement VI - Pope from 1342 to 1352
		The Popes - Clement V - Jean XXII - Benoit XII - Clement VI - Innocent VI
	www.avignon-et-provence.com /avignon-tourism/popes-avignon/pope-clement-six.htm (243 words)

	Pope Clement VI
		Clement proclaimed a crusade in 1343, but nothing was accomplished beyond a naval attack on Smyrna (29th of October 1344).
		During the disastrous plague of 1347-48 Clement did all he could to alleviate the distress, and condemned the Flagellants and Jew-baiters.
		He secured full ownership of the county of Avignon through purchase from Queen Joanna (9th of June 1348) and renunciation of feudal claims by Charles IV of France, and considerably enlarged the papal palace in that city.
	www.nndb.com /people/200/000094915 (368 words)

	CLEMENT VI - Online Information article about CLEMENT VI
		Clement continued the struggle of his predecessors with the See also:
		Clement proclaimed a crusade in 1343, but nothing was accomplished beyond a See also:
		money for his many undertakings Clement revived the practice of selling reservations and expectancies, which had been abolished by his predecessor.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /CHR_CLI/CLEMENT_VI.html (711 words)

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