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Topic: Cloistered rule

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	Cloistered rule - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Cloistered Rule, also known as the Insei system, was a process used by some Emperors of Japan by which they would ostensibly retire to a monastery and hand over power to a successor, but continue to exert power and influence from behind the scenes.
		Although the actual influence of cloistered rule may have been exaggerated by some historians, it must be seen in the context of the increasing dominance over the aristocracy by the warrior class.
		Patterns of cloistered rule have been more broadly identified as a distinct feature of Japanese history, politics and sometimes business.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cloistered_rule (270 words)

	Encyclopedia: Cloistered rule (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		It is a form of cloistered rule often found in Japanese history and politics.
		Imperial Court in Kyoto was the nominal ruling government of Japan since 794 until the Meiji Era, in which the court was moved to Tokyo and was integrated into the Meiji government.
		Others were overshadowed by their predecessors, who had ostensibly retired to a monastery but continued to exert influence in a process called "cloistered rule".
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Cloistered-rule (1319 words)

	The Toledo Vocations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In some rules, the monk takes an additional vow of stability, committed to remain for the rest of his life at the particular monastery to which he is assigned.
		According to some rules, the nun takes an additional vow of stability by which she commits herself to remain for the rest of her life at the particular monastery to which she is assigned.
		A rule is a written plan of life and discipline, approved by the Holy See, by which members of a religious order conduct their lives in an abbey or other monastery.
	www.toledovocations.com /definitions.html (2927 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Cloister
		On the other hand, the law of cloister does not apply to houses which are simply hired by religious, and which cannot therefore he looked upon as fixed and definitive homes, nor to the Villa-houses to which the religious go for recreation on fixed days or for a few weeks every year.
		Finally, it may be added that it is for the provincial superior to fix the limits of the cloister and the point at which it begins, in comformity with the usages of his order and with the local needs; of course his power is limited by the dispositions of the law.
		It may be affirmed, as a matter of fact, that the cloister is often relaxed among Eastern monks, especially the schismatics; the exclusion of women, however, is very rigorous in the twenty convents of Mt. Athos and among the Egyptian monks.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/04060a.htm (4228 words)

	Medieval Sourcebook: Rule of Franciscan Order
		It was the rule of 1223, the third produced by Francis, which became the definitive one.
		The rule and life of the lesser brothers is this: To observe the holy gospel of our Lord Jesus Christ, living in obedience without anything of our own, and in chastity.
		I also admonish and exhort the brothers that in their preaching their words be studied and chaste, useful and edifying to the people, telling them about vices and virtues, punishment and glory; and they ought to be brief, because the Lord kept his words brief when he was on earth.
	www.fordham.edu /halsall/source/stfran-rule.html (1914 words)

	Emperor Go-Horikawa - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		After the Gempei War, the grandson of the late Emperor Takakura, who was also the son of Retired Emperor Antoku's younger brother and Chūkyō's cousin, was enthroned as Go-Horikawa.
		In 1232, he began his own cloistered rule, abdicating to his 1-year-old son, Emperor Shijō.
		However, being of a weak constitution, his cloistered rule lasted just under 2 years before he died.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Emperor_Go-Horikawa (222 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Kamakura shogunate
		The Kamakura shogunate (Japanese: 鎌倉幕府, Kamakura bakufu) was a feudal military dictatorship ruled by the shoguns from 1185 to 1333.
		Based in Kamakura, Japan, this period draws its name from the capital of the shogunate and is known as the Kamakura period.
		A second attempt was made by the Imperial court in 1331 under the rule of the Emperor Go-Daigo, and was much more successful, particularly as Kamakura's most powerful general, Ashikaga Takauji, chose to side with the Emperor.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Kamakura_shogunate (394 words)

	Hogen monogatari (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Sutoku was greatly displeased for he could neither rule (as long as Toba remained the senior cloistered emperor) nor could his son reign.
		This rebelion by the cloistered emperor became the Hôgen Disturbance.
		The tale is divided in three parts, with the first covering the background of Toba's rule, his arbitrary assignment of successors, and the gathering of forces on the imperial and rebel sides.
	www.gotterdammerung.org /books/reviews/h/hogen-monogatari.html (1223 words)

	Anne Juliana (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		After the death of the Archduke, she built two convents and a monastery and established a rule of life for three new groups of Servites.
		One convent for women followed a cloistered rule; while the second convent followed a less severe (regular) rule and performed charitable acts for the poor.
		Anne Katharina and her daughter entered the convent with the "regular" rule.
	www.servitesisters.org /servite.nsf/Annejuliana?OpenPage (361 words)

	Franciscan Friars Third Order Regular - Contemplative TOR Nuns
		Her Institute of Sisters living in solemn vows and a form of cloister was approved by Boniface IX in 1397 and confirmed by Martin V in 1421.
		In fact the cloister soon began to be seen as a fundamental element of religious life for all nuns professing solemn vows.
		It was very clear that their concept of the Congregation's life and activities and their desire to impose the cloister would have meant the end of this unique experience in the penitential movement, so different from the traditional monastic life.
	www.franciscanfriarstor.com /theorder/stf_third_order_regular_nuns.htm (2843 words)

	The Carmelite Convent, Ali Askar Road, Bangalore
		IN the year 400, a rule was given to the hermits of Carmel by John, Patriarch of Jerusalem.
		This is the primitive rule observed by the Discalced Carmelites of the present day.
		Though she lived in a cloistered Carmel and died at the age of twenty-four, her heart embraced the whole world.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/2960/carmlite.htm (1858 words)

	Tokugawa shogunate - InfoSearchPoint.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Tokugawa shogunate or Tokugawa bakufu (徳川幕府) (also known as the Edo bakufu) was a feudal military dictatorship established in 1603 by Tokugawa Ieyasu and ruled by the shoguns of the Tokugawa family until 1868.
		Toward the end of the 19th century, an alliance of several of the more powerful daimyo with the titular Emperor finally succeeded in the overthrow of the shogunate, culminating in the Meiji Restoration.
		The Tokugawa bakufu came to an official end in 1868 with the resignation of the 15th Tokugawa Shogun Tokugawa Yoshinobu and the "restoration" ('Taisei Houkan') of imperial rule.
	www.infosearchpoint.com /display/Tokugawa (354 words)

	Franciscan -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can trust! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		During the first years of the Franciscans, the example of Francis provided their real rule of life, but, as the order grew, it became clear that a revised rule was necessary.
		After preparing a rule in 1221 that was found too strict, Francis, with the help of several legal scholars, unwillingly composed the more restrained final rule in 1223.
		Three parties gradually appeared: the Zealots, who insisted on a literal observance of the primitive rule of poverty affecting communal as well as personal poverty; the Laxists, who favoured many mitigations; and the Moderates, or the Community, who wanted a legal structure that would permit some form of communal possessions.
	www.britannica.com /ebc/article-9035137 (1637 words)

	Ars Magica: The Isle of Innish (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Benedictines are Christian men and women who live according to the rule (guidelines for monastic living) written by Saint Benedict of Nursia in the early 500's.
		After a training period called a novitiate, Benedictines take perpetual vows of obedience to the rule and the abbot or abbess in the presence of the abbot or abbess of the community.
		The simplicity and flexibility of the rule helped it become the most popular rule followed by monks from the 800's on.
	www.innish.btinternet.co.uk /Powers/DivineOrders.htm (1164 words)

	:::► Dictionary of Meaning www.mauspfeil.net ◄:::
		The system of government by retired emperor (''daijÅ tennÅ'') (cloistered rule) beginning from 1087 further weakened the Fujiwara's control over the Imperial Court.
		For a time, however, during the reign of Emperor Daigo (897-930), the Fujiwara regency was suspended as he ruled directly.
		Emperor Go-SanjÅ also established the ''InchÅ'', or Office of the Cloistered Emperor, which was held by a succession of emperors who abdicated to devote themselves to behind-the-scenes governance, or ''insei'' (cloistered government).
	www.mauspfeil.net /Fujiwara_clan.html (2065 words)

	Meiji Restoration (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		These two leaders supported the emperor were brought together by Ryoma Sakamoto for the purpose of challenging the Tokugawa Shogunate (bakufu) and restoring the emperor to power.
		The Tokugawa bakufu came to an official end on November 9th 1867 with the resignation of the 15th Shogun Tokugawa Yoshinobu and the "restoration" (Taisei Houkan) of imperial rule.
		Shortly thereafter in January 1868 the Boshin War (War of the Year of the started with the Battle of Toba Fushimi which the new government's army led by forces from Choshu and Satsuma defeated the shogun's army.
	www.freeglossary.com /Meiji_Restoration (500 words)

	Heian Period
		The Heian period was predominantly peaceful, and was regarded in later epochs as the classical age of Japanese civilization, in which a sophisticated indigenous culture was established.
		He tried to revitalize the ritsu-ryo code, made new compilations of governmental procedures, and was a great patron of art and literature; later generations regarded his reign as a golden age, but he could not control the Fujiwara.
		The Heian aristocracy, especially the Fujiwara, devoted its wealth and leisure to artistic pursuits, and the period is known for the "rule of taste": the extreme importance of discernment and sensibility in aristocratic social relations.
	www.ox.compsoc.net /~gemini/simons/historyweb/heian.html (3789 words)

	Meiji Restoration (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		These two leaders supported the emperor and were brought together by Ryoma Sakamoto for the purpose of challenging the ruling Tokugawa Shogunate (bakufu) and restoring the emperor to power.
		The Tokugawa bakufu came to an official end on November 9th, 1867 with the resignation of the 15th Tokugawa Shogun Tokugawa Yoshinobu and the "restoration" (Taisei Houkan) of imperial rule.
		Shortly thereafter in January 1868, the Boshin War (War of the Year of the Dragon) started with the Battle of Toba Fushimi in which the new government's army, led by the forces from Choshu and Satsuma defeated the shogun's army.
	www.portaljuice.com /meiji_restoration.html (385 words)

	Citizens Against Government Waste:
		Issuance of the proposed rule is expected early in 1998, to be followed by a relatively abbreviated (for such a significant rule) 60-day comment period, with the final rule scheduled to come out by late summer of 1998.
		A November, 1997 court ruling in Minnesota, which declared the Class I differentials illegal, provides a ray of hope.
		Now, however, the agency is preparing to implement through the cloistered rule-making process what it failed to achieve legislatively.
	www.cagw.org /site/PageServer?pagename=reports_milkmarketing (5150 words)

	Scholastic Documents: The Spirituality of Regular Canons in the Twelfth Century: A New Approach
		Because the treatises all have the same ostensible subject (to explain the cloistered life to those engaged in its practice), we need not worry that the assumptions of the authros differ because of different purposes in writing.
		Behind the explicit exhortations to educate verbo et exemplo found in many canonical commentaries lies the assumption that an individual living the cloistered life is responsible in whatever he says or does not only for the state of his own soul but also for the progress of his neighbor.
		What in the Rule is basically a concern with avoiding the negative effects of bad reputation becomes in many canonical writers a concern with offering to others the positive effects of good reputation.
	www.premontre.org /subpages/scholastica/libbynum/libbynum1.htm (6994 words)

	Secular Carmelite Information
		Each operates independently, but within the confines of the Rule of Life (now to be known as the Constitutions) because ultimate authority comes from the General Definitory (Father General and his council) in Rome.
		In 1247 their rule of life, now solemnly confirmed by the Holy See, was adapted to meet the needs of an Order spreading throughout Christendom.
		The Secular Order Rule says: "Those members of the Church who are called by the Lord, are free from impediments, and conscientiously accept this special vocation and the Rule of Life offered by the Secular Order, can apply to be admitted....
	www.helpfellowship.org /secular_carmelite_info.htm (2209 words)

	Ashikaga Shogunate
		The Ashikaga Shogunate (足利幕府;; Ashikaga-bakufu, 1336 - 1573) was a feudal military dictatorship ruled by the shoguns of the Ashikaga family.
		This period is also known as the Muromachi period and gets its name from the Muromachi[?] area of Kyoto where the third shogun Yoshimitsu established his residence.
		See also: shogun -- bakufu -- Cloistered rule -- History of Japan -- Lists of incumbents
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/as/Ashikaga.html (258 words)

	Dominican Calendar
		A cloistered sister has lived in a cloister under the rule for the Third Order, a.k.a.
		French, priest member of the Dominican Third Order, brother of a Dominican priest, preacher of parish missions, author, founder of religious congregation of men and another of women, all to spread devotion to Mary and the Rosary as inspired by St. Dominic (May 24 and Aug.8).
		Italian, married, virgin, cloistered sister, mystic, stigmatist; lived in obscurity, but made known by miracles at her tomb.
	www.opwest.org /Directory/calendardominican.htm (3075 words)

	Learn more about 1080s in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		1086 Emperor Shirakawa of Japan starts his cloistered rule
		End of the formal reign of Emperor Shirakawa of Japan, but not of his cloistered rule
		Emperor Horikawa ascends to the throne of Japan
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /1/10/1080s.html (202 words)

	Catholic Culture : Site Review : Dominican Nuns
		The Dominican Nuns of Summit, New Jersey is a Roman Catholic cloistered monastic community.
		Their primary mission is "to pray for the salvation of souls, and to support the preaching mission of the Dominican friars.
		They follow the Rule of St. Augustine in "oneness of mind and heart" while leading a hidden life of Eucharistic prayer, adoration, thanksgiving, and intercession which proclaims Jesus Christ to the world." Their special apostolate is that of Perpetual Adoration and Rosary.
	www.catholicculture.org /sites/site_view.cfm?recnum=1850 (173 words)

	Cloistered rule - InfoSearchPoint.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Cloistered Rule is an distinct feature of Japanese history and politics and sometimes in business.
		The titles used to do cloistered rule are:
		It was a process used by some Emperors of Japan by which they would ostensibly retire to a monastery and hand over power to a successor, but continue to exert power and influence from behind the scenes.
	www.infosearchpoint.com /display/Retired_emperor (261 words)

	Oman Infoworld - History
		Later, the Azd tribal group, from which the present ruling family is descended, entered Oman.
		Much of Oman was then under the rule of the Persians, but the Azd were able to regain Oman from the Persian rule and spread Arab influence to all parts of the country.
		Islam came to Oman, and Abd and Jaifar, the sons of Julanda bin AI Mustakbar, embraced Islam.
	omaninfoworld.freeservers.com /history.htm (2235 words)

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