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	Clovis culture - Encyclopedia.com
		Clovis culture a group of Paleo-Indians (see Americas, antiquity and prehistory of the) known through artifacts first excavated in the early 1930s near Clovis, N.Mex. The artifacts, including chipped flint points known as Clovis points and a variety of additional stone tools, were found along with remains of large mammals, particularly extinct mammoths.
		Like Folsom points (see Folsom culture), Clovis points show a distinct lengthwise groove (known as fluting) on each face that served to enhance the hafting to spear shafts.
		Clovis groups are the earliest definitively dated human populations in the Americas, and the earliest known big-game hunters.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-Cloviscu.html (985 words)

	Clovis culture Information
		The Clovis culture (also Llano culture) is a prehistoric Native American culture that first appears in the archaeological record of North America around 13,500 years ago, at the end of the last ice age.
		The Clovis people, also known as Paleo-Indians, and are generally regarded as the first human inhabitants of the New World, and ancestors of all the indigenous cultures of North and South America.
		A hallmark of Clovis culture is the use of a distinctively-shaped fluted rock spear point, known as the Clovis point.
	www.bookrags.com /wiki/Clovis_culture (925 words)

	histry
		Increasing archaeological association of Clovis culture with extinct fauna in the Southeast confirms this belief (Anderson and Faught 1998).
		One reason for the confusion about species hunted by the Clovis culture is the belief that the vegetation of the Southeast between 12,500-9,500 BP was closed-canopy mesic forest with abundant rainfall during the growing season (Delcourts 1984).
		Clovis hunters (12,000-10,500 yr BP) and later Paleo-Amerindians (10,500-9,500 yr BP) were hunter-gatherers who traveled in small mobile bands of loosely related kinsmen, and functioned as a social unit for economic purposes.
	www.srs.fs.usda.gov /sustain/draft/histry/histry-09.htm (839 words)

	The Dispatch - Serving the Lexington, NC - News (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Clovis culture (also Llano culture) is a prehistoric Native American culture that first appears in the archaeological record of North America around 11,000 years ago, at the end of the last ice age.
		The Clovis people, also known as Paleo-Indians, are generally regarded as the first human inhabitants of the New World, and ancestors of all the indigenous cultures of North and South America.
		A hallmark of Clovis culture is the use of a distinctively-shaped fluted rock spear point, known as the Clovis point.
	www.the-dispatch.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Clovis_culture (1308 words)

	Clovis culture - Search.com
		The Clovis culture (also Llano culture) is a prehistoric Native American culture that first appears in the archaeological record of North America around 11,000 years ago, at the end of the last ice age.
		The Clovis people, also known as Paleo-Indians, were generally regarded as the first human inhabitants of the New World, and ancestors of all the indigenous cultures of North and South America.
		A hallmark of Clovis culture is the use of a distinctively-shaped fluted rock spear point, known as the Clovis point.
	www.search.com /reference/Clovis_culture (1393 words)

	Culture (Site not responding. Last check: )
		For example, someone who used 'culture' in the sense of 'cultivation' might argue that classical music "is" more refined than music produced by working-class people such as punk rock or than the indigenous music traditions of aboriginal peoples of Australia.
		There resulted a belief in cultural relativism; the belief that one had to understand an individual's actions in terms of his or her culture; that one had to understand a specific cultural artifact (a ritual, for example) in terms of the larger symbolic system of which it forms a part.
		Cultural studies developed in the late 20th century, in part through the re-introduction of Marxist thought into sociology, and in part through the articulation of sociology and other academic disciplines such as literary criticism.
	abcworld.net /culture.html (2707 words)

	Ice Age Journey
		No evidence of the Clovis culture has been found in the BWCAW or Quetico, but recently a Clovis point was reported from the Duluth area.
		The culture in the area at that time is known as the Plano and is thought to have succeeded the Clovis that ended about 11 000 years ago.
		By the time the Clovis culture had evolved into the Plano culture, many of the ice-age megafauna were extinct.
	www.jon-nelson.com /66_ice_age_journey.asp (2929 words)

	Signs of an earlier American \| csmonitor.com
		As evidence for the Clovis culture's presence cropped up throughout the continent and the sites became the subject of intense study, the notion that Clovis people were the oldest immigrants to the Western Hemisphere became firmly entrenched.
		Clovis groups were thought to have crossed a broad land bridge across the Bering Strait, hiking through breaks in the glaciers to what is now the lower 48.
		Interest in Clovis grew out of their apparent role as a continent-wide colonizing population and a key to the origins of the native Americans Europeans encountered after they arrived.
	www.csmonitor.com /2004/0923/p13s01-stgn.htm (1173 words)

	Travel in Clovis - New Mexico - USA - History - WorldTravelGate.net®-
		In the 1880's, 25 years before Clovis was founded, cattlemen and sheepherders used this area as an open range, feeding their stock on the abundant grass and watering them in the springs and rain-filled lakes.
		Clovis needed a county with Clovis as the county seat.
		Clovis High School had 500 students, Clovis Junior High had 600 students, and 1400 students were enrolled at Eugene Field and La Casita elementary schools.
	www.americatravelling.net /usa/new_mexico/clovis/clovis_history.htm (813 words)

	Clovis People - Crystalinks
		The Clovis culture is a prehistoric Native American culture that first appears in the archaeological record of North America around 13,500 years ago, at the end of the last ice age.
		It is generally accepted that Clovis people hunted mammoth: sites abound where Clovis points are found mixed in with mammoth remains.
		Clovis points range in length from 1 1/2 to 5 inches (4 to 13 centimetres) and are heavy and fluted, though the fluting rarely exceeds half the length.
	www.crystalinks.com /clovis.html (1236 words)

	Clovis culture — Infoplease.com
		New perspectives on the Clovis vs. pre-Clovis controversy.
		Pope honors King Clovis and mollifies the French.
		Identification of horse exploitation by clovis hunters based on protein analysis.
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/society/A0812633.html (299 words)

	Gault-Clovis Reconsidered
		Clovis blades were used to make various kinds of tools including hide or endscrapers (the two specimens on left) and gravers with tiny beaks (two on right).
		Clovis peoples with their remarkably sophisticated hunting technology were seen as the first pioneers, highly mobile hunters who walked to North America via the Bering Land Bridge.
		Clovis culture will never be seen again in the same light, as it has for so long.
	www.texasbeyondhistory.net /gault/clovis.html (5188 words)

	Clovis
		Clovis represents the earliest evidence of human culture in Saskatchewan.
		Clovis projectile points were large, lanceolate spear points hafted onto carved bones and ivory shafts.
		By the end of the Clovis period most of the megafauna such as the wooly mammoth were extinct.
	www.heritage-online.net /Timeline/clovis.htm (291 words)

	Clovis Culture - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Clovis Culture, ancient Native American culture dating from c.
		There is evidence dating from 10,000 to 15,000 years ago of human occupation in the area that is now Oklahoma; people of the Clovis and Folsom...
		Culture, a word in common use but with complex meanings, derived, like the term broadcasting, from the treatment and care of the soil and of what...
	uk.encarta.msn.com /Clovis_Culture.html (114 words)

	Clovis - Culture
		The Clovis culture takes its name from the town in New Mexico, where the striking stone projectile point characteristic of the tradition was first found.
		Clovis points are found in association with the bones of Ice Age animals in sites in many areas of North America and document both the importance of big game hunting and the effectiveness of early Palaeo weaponry.
		Furthermore, at a Clovis burial site in Montana, powdered red ochre (hematite) was found on the remains of two adolescents and the grave goods that were buried with them.
	www.umanitoba.ca /faculties/arts/anthropology/manarchnet/chronology/paleoindian/clovis2.html (481 words)

	OmniNerd - News: Clovis Culture May Not Be First in Americas
		The Clovis culture, characterized by stone weapons and dating back roughly 13,000 years, has been thought to be the first on the Americas for decades.
		By re-dating the artifacts using modern methods, researchers have found Clovis technology to be 500 years younger than previously thought (13,100 years old, rather than 13,600) and to have lasted only 200 to 350 years.
		Rather, it is suggested that the Clovis culture technology spread through an existing population.
	www.omninerd.com /2007/02/26/news/1150 (308 words)

	Search Results for "Clovis"
		Clovis culture, a group of Paleo-Indians (see Americas, antiquity and prehistory of the) known through artifacts first excavated in the early 1930s near Clovis, N.Mex....
		Clovis I, (klo´vis) (KEY), c.466-511, Frankish king (481-511), son of Childeric I and founder of the Merovingian monarchy.
		...The device of Clovis was three toads (or botes, as they were called in Old French), but after his baptism the Arians greatly hated him, and assembled a large army...
	www.bartleby.com /cgi-bin/texis/webinator/sitesearch?FILTER=&query=Clovis (305 words)

	Center for the Study of the First Americans (Site not responding. Last check: )
		After all, if the Solutrean culture were indeed the ancestor of Clovis, taxonomic protocol would compel American archaeologists to relegate Clovis to a branch of the European Upper Paleolithic.
		An Asian origin for Clovis is not supported by the evidence, since Clovis-class mastery of bifacial thinning is nowhere to be seen in eastern or northeastern Asia.
		The flute, however signatory it is of Clovis and Folsom points, is a secondary trait; it is simply an innovation made possible by first understanding, obeying, and mastering the laws of fracture mechanics that produce the bifaces from which these channel flakes are struck.
	www.centerfirstamericans.com /mt.php?a=46 (1886 words)

	People of the Colorado Plateau-Paleoindian and Archaic Peoples
		The bulk of archaeological evidence points to the Clovis culture as the earliest group of Paleoindians to occupy the North American regions south of the continental ice sheets of the last glaciation.
		The oldest Clovis artifacts have been radiocarbon dated about 11,500 yr B.P. The style of projectile points that characterized Clovis culture persisted at most for a few hundred years; they were replaced by another type of point, characteristic of the Folsom culture.
		Both cultures are thought to have been big-game hunters, who left little evidence of their occupation, other than a few scattered campfire hearths and butchering sites.
	www.cpluhna.nau.edu /People/paleoindians.htm (613 words)

	Introduction to Texas Panhandle Prehistory
		There is a blank space in the time line between Texas Panhandle Clovis cultures and the earliest cultures found on other continents such as Asia, Europe and Africa.
		This theory posits that the Clovis culture began to change and perhaps settle into a regional pattern of behavior.
		The Clovis culture developed and evolved at various stages in time and in various ways, depending on numerous variables such as their ancestry, availability of game, the region and it’s climatic conditions.
	www.panhandlenation.com /prehistory/intro.htm (716 words)

	Team Atlantis - Research Papers
		Clovis appears in the archaeological record at about 11,500 rcybp (Fiedel 2000), and is recognized as the earliest undisputable technocomplex in the New World.
		However, microblade technology is not found in the Clovis complex, and although Nelson demonstrated a migration, he did not demonstrate it was related to the Clovis culture.
		Eight Clovis points were found in association with mammoth bones, 5 of which were in place among the ribs of the proboscidean.
	www.teamatlantis.com /yucatan_test/research_iberia.html (8415 words)

	East Wenatchee Clovis Site Artifacts
		THE CLOVIS CULTURE IS THE OLDEST RECOGNIZED CULTURAL TRADITION IN NORTH AMERICA DATING TO One of the most spectacular archaeological discoveries ever made in the study of Early Paleo bone and stone artifacts occurred near East Wenatchee, Washington in 1987.
		In addition to the bone artifacts there were 14 Clovis spear points, 8 bifacial knives (flaked on both sides), 7 fluted point preforms, 4 prismatic blades, a 5 side-scrapers and one graver.
		The Clovis point on the left was the largest found in the cache.
	lithiccastinglab.com /gallery-pages/2000decemberwenatcheeclovis.htm (1058 words)

	Solutrean culture
		Recent DNA analysis also suggests that the Clovis were probably not the first people to have found their way to America.
		The fauna indicates that this culture flourished in a relatively cold climate.
		Solutrean culture ended thousands of years before Clovis began, but there are tantalising suggestions of intermediate sites that bridge the two cultures, in both time and technology.
	www.geocities.com /blobrana/features/american.htm (2302 words)

	Scientific American Frontiers . Coming Into America. Clovis: A Primer \| PBS
		Clovis points such as this one -- bifacial and flaked on both sides -- help explain why the Clovis people were so effective in hunting big game like mammoths, horses and bison.
		Clovis points were subsequently found at many sites, always with nothing deeper.
		Flaked on both sides, Clovis points have a characteristic flake used to thin the base, allowing the point to be hafted onto a wooden spear shaft.
	www.pbs.org /saf/1406/segments/1406-2.htm (399 words)

	Clovis Complex (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Clovis toolkits were highly effective, lightweight, and portable, as befits people who were constantly on the move.
		There apparently was only one Clovis occupation and because no later peoples occupied the site, there is no chance for confusion with younger archaeological materials; Ferring and his team have carefully analyzed Aubrey stratigraphy from the surface down through the Pleistocene sediments deposited on Cretaceous bedrock.
		Now, Clovis must be seen as relatively stable over a long period, as well as over the continent.
	www.lucastexas.us /history_of_lucas/Early_people_clovis_complex.htm (2543 words)

	Rocky Mountain News - Denver and Colorado's reliable source for breaking news, sports and entertainment: Local
		Clovis hunters and their descendants then rapidly spread through Central America and to the southernmost tip of South America, according to the Clovis First scenario.
		"Clovis is a technology that moved into a place that was already populated," he said.
		The Clovis culture was named for distinctive stone projectile points found with mammoth remains near Clovis, N.M., in 1933.
	www.rockymountainnews.com /drmn/local/article/0,1299,DRMN_15_5372456,00.html (795 words)

	the final nail in the 'Clovis first' coffin,"
		KAZINFORM - The so-called Clovis people, known for their distinctive spearheads, were not the first humans to set foot in the Americas after all, a new study says.
		The Clovis culture was named after flint spearheads found in the 1930s at a site in Clovis, New Mexico.
		Radiocarbon dating had previously shown the Clovis period to range from 11,500 to 10,900 radiocarbon years ago (about 13,300 to 12,800 calendar years ago), giving the culture several hundred years to reach South America.
	sci.tech-archive.net /Archive/sci.anthropology.paleo/2007-03/msg00002.html (716 words)

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