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Topic: Clubmoss

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	Marsh clubmoss - Lycopodiella inundata: More Information - ARKive
		Clubmosses are simple plants, related to ferns; their common name is an indication of their resemblance to true mosses, the 'club' referring to the shape of the spore-bearing cones that most produce.
		Like ferns, clubmosses have two distinct forms; the 'gametophyte', which stays underground and grows in partnership with a fungus, and the form in which most people are likely to see, the 'sporophyte'.
		Marsh clubmoss grows on wet heaths, peaty soil, and other places that are wet for much of the winter, preferably with some disturbance from grazing, peat cutting or where vehicles or cattle have broken up the surface.
	www.arkive.org /species/ARK/plants_and_algae/Lycopodiella_inundata/more_info.html (732 words)

	Seed bank and plant community composition, Mixed Prairie of Saskatchewan by J.T. Romo and Y. Bai (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The purpose of this study was to determine the composition and diversity of the soil seed bank in relation to the clubmoss cover and compositional characteristics of plant communities in the Northern Mixed Prairie of southwestern Saskatchewan.
		Clubmoss cover was not correlated (P = 0.32 to 0.98) with species richness, species diversity, density of decreasers, density of increasers, density of invaders, and total seedling densities in the seed banks.
		Mechanically disturbing plant communities to control clubmoss is predicted to lead to plant communities that are dominated by increasers and/or invaders.
	uvalde.tamu.edu /jrm/may04/romo.htm (404 words)

	Nikon MicroscopyU: SMZ1500 Fluorescence Digital Image Gallery - Clubmoss
		Clubmoss is also commonly known as stag horn, witch meal, and vegetable sulfur.
		The yellowish, powdery spores of clubmosses contain flammable pollen that was used as flash powder for the first photographic cameras and by theater pyrotechnists.
		Clubmoss spores are considered to have medicinal properties and for years were used in dusting powders formulated to treat conditions such as eczema, intertrigo, herpes, and ulcers.
	www.microscopyu.com /galleries/smz1500/lycopodiummaturestrobilussmall.html (229 words)

	Clubmoss effects on plant water status and standing crop by Tyler J. Colberg and J.T. Romo (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Clubmoss effects on plant water status and standing crop by Tyler J. Colberg and J.T. Romo
		Clubmoss (Selaginella densa Rydb.), a low growing, vascular cryptogam forms carpet-like mats that cover up to 80% of the ground in the Northern Mixed Prairie.
		Clubmoss had no influence (P = 0.06) on Leafxwp when irrigated with 0 to 25 mm of water.
	uvalde.tamu.edu /jrm/Sep03/colberg.htm (289 words)

	Species:
		Stiff clubmoss is characteristic of boreal coniferous forests [23].
		Roots are adventitious and arise from the underside of the prostrate stem [44].
		Occurrence of stiff clubmoss increases with increasing latitude [23].
	www.fs.fed.us /database/feis/plants/fern/lycann/all.html (1503 words)

	Clubbing Clubmoss (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		When precipitation events are mild, clubmoss tends to absorb and hold nearly all available water in its above-ground vegetative mat and extensive, fibrous root system — making nearly all accumulated precipitation unavailable to other species.
		The idea is to disturb the plants and allow moisture to penetrate the “armor” that clubmoss creates over the soil, he says.
		Brewer says clubmoss tends to increase in drought conditions, and careful grazing management is necessary to maintain the competitive advantage of desired plant species on a site.
	beef-mag.com /mag/beef_clubbing_clubmoss/index.html (865 words)

	Western Pennsylvania Conservancy Daily e-Calendar (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The presence of this structure distinguishes this species from shining clubmoss (Huperzia lucidula), with which it is often confused.
		In shining clubmoss the sporangia are borne in the axils of only slightly modified stem leaves, rather than in the axils of the highly modified leaves of a strobilus.
		Clubmosses are pteridophytes, a group of spore-bearing plants that includes the ferns, clubmosses, spikemosses, horsetails, and quillworts.
	www.wpconline.org /dailyphotos/wpcdaily-12-1.asp (216 words)

	Action plan for Lycopodiella inundata
		Marsh clubmoss is a perennial species of wet heaths, often on bare peaty soil, and occasionally on the margins of lakes and in sand and clay pits, favouring areas which are under water in winter and spring.
		Marsh clubmoss has undergone a marked decline in the UK although it still holds a high proportion of the European population.
		Because marsh clubmoss populations tend to be small and widely scattered, the true extent of its decline may have been masked by the method of recording and mapping plants on a ten km square basis.
	www.ukbap.org.uk /UKPlans.aspx?ID=431 (855 words)

	Terrestrial Plants - Clubmosses (Order Lycopodiales) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Clubmosses belong to the division Lycophyta and are small, evergreen plants, with freely branching stems that are covered by rows of scale-like leaves.
		Clubmosses superficially resemble the true mosses, but their leaves and stalks are much more rigid.
		The latter species is the only High Arctic resident of the clubmoss family and does not produce cones.
	www.arctic.uoguelph.ca /cpl/organisms/plants/Terrestrial/clubmoss.htm (144 words)

	Peatlands \| Plants \| Marsh Clubmoss
		Marsh Clubmoss is not really a moss but a low-growing non-flowering vascular plant of bogland with spirally arranged leaves.
		The species has undergone considerable losses over a number of years are thought to be mainly due to destruction of its habitat through drainage.
		In Northern Ireland Marsh Clubmoss is specially protected under Schedule 8 of the Wildlife Order.
	www.peatlandsni.gov.uk /plants/rare/marshcl.htm (114 words)

	Non-seed plants
		Lycopodiella alopecuroides (foxtail clubmoss) - This gametophyte is photosynthetic, but only a few mm in size.
		Lycopodium digitatum (fan clubmoss) - Clubmoss sporophytes are among the simplest vascular plants.
		Lycopodium digitatum (fan clubmoss) - In some species, sporangia are located in strobili (cones) at the tips of the leafy stems, or at the top of long stalks (hence the name "club").
	www.cas.vanderbilt.edu /bioimages/pages/non-seed-plants.htm (413 words)

	Olympus Microscopy Resource Center: Anatomy of the Microscope - Brightfield Microscopy Digital Image Gallery - Clubmoss ...
		Clubmosses exist in two different forms, although only the aboveground spore producing variety is commonly seen.
		The leaves of these plants are long and narrow like needles, and strobili, cone-like clusters of diminutive leaves, are usually present as well.
		At the base of each clubmoss strobilus is a small yellowish-orange sporangium, where the reproductive spores are produced and stored.
	www.olympusmicro.com /primer/anatomy/brightfieldgallery/lycopodiumstrobilus40xlarge.html (147 words)

	Western Pennsylvania Conservancy Daily e-Calendar (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		It's an evergreen, rhizomatous clubmoss with the appearance of a tiny, thickly branched pine tree with oversized cones and reaches a height to 12-inches.
		Distinguished from running clubmosses by its individual, bushy form and deeply buried horizontal stem and distinguished from other trees like clubmosses by round branches rather than flattened and cedar like.
		Considered an indicator of cool temperature climates, fresh and very moist soils, nitrogen-poor soils, and compacted forest floors, it is found in damp, open woods, forest bog edges and in moist forest floors, often with maple-basswood or mixed pine-hardwoods.
	www.wpconline.org /dailyphotos/wpcdaily-9-15.asp (314 words)

	Huperzia appalachiana, Appalachian Clubmoss
		Common name from the eastern mountains where this clubmoss is found, though it is absent from the central Appalachians.
		A compact, clustered clubmoss of the North Shore and Superior Highlands.
		Clubmosses can make attractive ground covers, but they do not transplant well.
	www.rook.org /earl/bwca/nature/ferns/huperziaap.html (270 words)

	Hoax Forum Topic: No Jet Lag
		Lycopodium (aka Clubmoss) is used for night restlessness, anxiety and mood swings and may also help with sleep problems.
		If they are using Chinese Clubmoss this could be what is supposed to treat the disorientation and lack of concentration.
		Chinese Clubmoss may increase the risk of having seizures for individuals who have or who have had epilepsy.
	www.museumofhoaxes.com /hoax/forum/forum_comments/2075 (1085 words)

	Northeast Wetland Flora (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Field Marks: The sporangia of this clubmoss are borne in the axils of the leaves.
		The leaves are alternately long and short, on alternating zones of the stem.
		Notes: Asexual reproductive bodies, called gemmae, are sometimes formed in the axils of some of the leaves.
	www.npwrc.usgs.gov /resource/plants/florane/species/1/lycoluci.htm (120 words)

	For Your Survival, You Need To Know . . . (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Reproduction: A mature clubmoss undergoes a process called meiosis in which spores are created during the month of August.
		The egg is fertilized and grows into the sporophyte phase of the clubmoss life cycle.
		Economic Uses: A purified alkaloid from the clubmoss, Lycopodium serratum, has been studied as a possible treatment for Alzheimer’s disease.
	www.ccet.ua.edu /hhmi/pages/clubmosses.html (226 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Several common clubmosses were recorded during the field walk, including Ground-pine or Tree-clubmoss (Lycopodium obscurum), Staghorn Clubmoss (Lycopodium clavatum), and Southern Ground-cedar or Fan-clubmoss (Diphasiastrum digitatum = Lycopodium complanatum).
		Another clubmoss found on the property is Shining Clubmoss (Huperzia lucidula = Lycopodium l.), but we were unsuccessful in our search for this species.
		Nomenclature for the clubmosses and other plants found by the members follows Sorrie and Somers (1999).
	members.aol.com /bccci/page/mins2004/mar04notes.txt (382 words)

	Lycopodiella - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Lycopodiella is a genus in the clubmoss family Lycopodiaceae.
		The genus members are commonly called, bog clubmosses, describing their wetland habitat.
		appressa Southern clubmoss, Appressed Bog Clubmoss (eastern North America, Cuba)
	www.bexley.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Lycopodiella (165 words)

	Plants of Iceland: Lycopodium selago, Fir Clubmoss (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		FLORA OF ICELAND elements: Lycopodium selago = Huperzia selago, fir clubmoss
		Thus the plant does not have a sporohpyllic cone like some other clubmosses.
		The absence of trailing stems ("runners") is also a characteristic that can be used to identify this primitive fern on Iceland.
	iceland-nh.net /plants/data/Lycopodium-selago/lycopodium_selago.html (204 words)

	Clubmoss at the Kensan Devan Sanctuary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Clubmosses (Lycopodium) are not mosses but fern allies.
		Clubmosses differ from true mosses (Bryophytes) in that true mosses are much more primitive; they have neither real roots, stems, nor leaves, and cannot store their own food.
		Clubmoss species found at Meetinghouse Pond include Bristly, Wolf's Claw and Tree clubmosses, and the Ground Cedar.
	www.nhaudubon.org /sanctuaries/kensanmoss.htm (179 words)

	BC Biodiversity - Horsetails & Clubmosses of BC
		BC Biodiversity - Horsetails and Clubmosses of BC Stiff Clubmoss
		: This pretty little clubmoss was found growing in sphagnum and other bog mosses at the edge of a wet bog at Carlson Lake on the Sunshine Coast, June 2001.
		: Similar to running clubmoss but with much less densely packed leaves, loosley erect without horizontal runners, dichotomous branching.
	www.bcbiodiversity.homestead.com /horsetailsandclubmosses.html (534 words)

	Lycopodium clavatum - Running Clubmoss
		The spores of clubmosses have been used in many ways throughout time.
		North American Indians have applied them to cuts and to treat various skin problems, including eczema and chaffed skin.
		As with stiff clubmoss spores, they were once used by photographers and theatre performers as flash powder.
	www.borealforest.org /ferns/fern9.htm (125 words)

	Huperzia selago, Fir Clubmoss
		Fir Clubmoss, from the resemblance of its needle-like leaves to those of the Firs (Abies sp.)
		Other common names include: Cliff Clubmoss, Little Clubmoss, Mountain Clubmoss, Rock Clubmoss, Northern fir-moss, huperzie slagine (Qué), Lopplummer, luslummer, lusgräs (Swe), Lusegras, (Nor), Otteradet Ulvefod (Dan), Ketunlieko (Fin), Skollafingur (Is), Tannen-Bärlapp (Ger), Részegkorpafû (Hun), Wroniec widlasty (Pol)
		Huperzia species also reproduce by bulblets (gemma) produced at base of upper leaves which, when mature, fall to ground and sprout to form new plants.
	www.rook.org /earl/bwca/nature/ferns/huperziasel.html (256 words)

	Michigan Natural Features Inventory (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		bog clubmoss, northern appressed clubmoss, beak-rush, nut-rush, yellow-eyed-grass, lance-leaved violet, panic grass, haircap moss, grass-leaved goldenrod, autumn sedge, mountain mint, seedbox, sundew, Canada rush, boneset, bugle weed, tooth-cup, prairie willow
		bog clubmoss, northern appressed clubmoss, beak-rush, nut-rush, Indian grass, big and little bluestem, switch grass, yellow-eyed-grass, lance-leaved violet, panic grass, haircap moss, grass-leaved goldenrod, autumn sedge, mountain mint, seedbox, sundew, Canada rush, boneset, bugle weed, tooth-cup, prairie willow
		bog clubmoss, northern appressed clubmoss, beak-rush, yellow-eyed-grass, lance-leaved violet, panic grass, haircap moss, grass-leaved goldenrod, autumn sedge, mountain mint, seedbox, sundew, Canada rush, boneset, bugle weed, tooth-cup, prairie willow
	web4.msue.msu.edu /mnfi/data/rareplants.cfm?el=PPLYC030A0 (258 words)

	Camelot Auto-Bestiary - clubmoss sheerie (DAoC Mob Details)
		NOTE: This DAoC bestiary is built from log files submitted by players like you.
		Proximity Information (mobs that "clubmoss sheerie" is found close to)
		The higher the score, the more of that mob are likely to be found near a clubmoss sheerie.
	www.mindkayak.com /bestiary/mob.jsp?mob=35 (163 words)

	Project Exploration's Mesozoic Garden - Chicago Flower and Garden Show (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Early land plants inhabited a hot, humid environment.
		300 million years ago, many land areas were covered in wet forests of giant clubmoss, horsetails and ferns.
		These seedless plants reproduce with spores, which require humid environments to survive.
	www.projectexploration.org /garden/plants.htm (232 words)

	Tree Clubmoss
		Clubmoss group: Small plants that remain evergreen throughout the year.
		Features: Ressembles a pine tree; evergreen color and slick appearance.
		Other clubmosses in the Northeastern United States single stems or have branches that do grow sporadically and not like a pine tree.
	www.bio.brandeis.edu /fieldbio/nasimg/Treeclub.html (42 words)

	Related WordNet synsets for SUMO concept NonFloweringPlant
		fir clubmoss, mountain clubmoss, little clubmoss, Lycopodium selago
		ground fir, princess pine, tree clubmoss, Lycopodium obscurum
		lesser clubmosses: terrestrial chiefly tropical plants resembling mosses
	icosym-nt.cvut.cz /kifb/wordnet/_non_flowering_plant.html (531 words)

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