Co-Prince of Andorra

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Topic: Co-Prince of Andorra

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	Monarch - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Exceptions to this include the French co-prince of Andorra, who is not appointed for life (he is the French President, elected for a seven year period by the French people), but still generally considered a monarch because of the use of a traditionally monarchical title.
		A notable example is Paddy Roy Bates, styling himself the "Prince of Sealand", but not recognized as such by any national government, thus failing at least the constitutive condition for statehood (for a fuller discussion of his claims, see Sealand).
		Leka, Crown Prince of Albania who is styled by some as the "King of Albania".
	www.bexley.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Monarch (2271 words)

	Andorra
		The twin heads of state are referred to as "co-princes", and hence the country is referred to as the Principality of Andorra".
		Andorra was part of the Roman Empire in it's heyday (the Roman Empire, not Andorra), although not mentioned in any of the secondary sources which I consulted.
		The most important document in the country of Andorra is the Carta de Fundacio d'Andorra, a charter for the country written by Charlemange, and given to his son, Louis the Pious, establishing Andorra's independance.
	www.angelfire.com /on/PaulandKelly/Andorra.html (1123 words)

	The Flag of the World » Country Studies
		Ever since, the head of the French state, be it king, President, or whatever Napoleon was calling himself that week, has been a co-prince of Andorra.
		Andorra is one of the archetypal “small European countries,” the sort that novelists and screenwriters prefer to invent out of whole cloth rather than recreate (”I just discovered that I’m the long-lost son of the King of Maledonia!” and so on).
		Andorra has become what it is today through 800 years of playing a very clever game, and has become very successful by keeping its taxes low and government small.
	www.timothygoddard.com /blog/index.php?cat=6 (12626 words)

	BWNS: Mountainous country marks anniversary
		For eight years, he represented the Andorra Trust Board in France, where he formally presented a book of the Tablets of Baha'u'llah to two French presidents, who, by virtue of their office, held the title of co-prince of Andorra.
		ANDORRA LA VELLA, Andorra, 18 November 2004 (BWNS) -- With great emotion, William Danjon Dieudonne read a prayer at celebrations to mark the 50th anniversary of the introduction of the Baha'i Faith to this country.
		Andorra Prime Minister Marc Forne Molne (right) receives a delegation from the Baha'i community of Andorra: (left to right) Badi Daemi, Antonio Gil, William Danjon.
	news.bahai.org /story.cfm?storyid=335 (751 words)

	List of state leaders in 1956 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		, Bishop of Urgel and Episcopal Co-Prince of Andorra (1943-1969)
		René Coty, President of France and ex officio Co-Prince of Andorra (1954-1959)
	www.hartselle.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/List_of_state_leaders_in_1956 (858 words)

	Andorran Philatelic Study Circle - Valira Torrent magazine
		Consequently he was the first bishop to be Co-Prince of Andorra after the Pareage of 1278 with Roger Bernard III, Count of Foix.
		In particular he defended the Catalan identity of the Andorrans during the years 1882, 1884 and 1895 when the French were attempting to absorb Andorra into France.
		A Franciscan, he was ordained bishop and became Co-Prince on 31 March 1785.
	www.chy-an-piran.demon.co.uk /vt47-8 (461 words)

	Jacques Chirac
		He was elected President of the French Republic in 1995 and 2002 (in addition, inherently, being Co-Prince of Andorra).
		An only child, Chirac is the son of a bank clerk and later an executive for an aircraft company.
		Jacques René Chirac (born 29 November 1932) is a French politician.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/j/ja/jacques_chirac.html (2023 words)

	Longest reigns (current monarchs)
		King Juan Carlos was designated heir to the throne with the title of the Prince of Spain by General Francisco Franco, Chief of State on 22 July 1969.
		The Crown Prince, who after the massacre turned the gun against himself and was brought to hospital critically wounded, was - in accordance with the Constitution - proclaimed King by the privy council, while Prince Gyanendra was appointed Regent.
		Prince Makhosetive (meaning «King of All Nations») was formally installed as King Mswati III at his enthronement on 25 April 1986 when he had reached his age of majority.
	www.geocities.com /dagtho/reigns.html (2552 words)

	Too Much To Dream: Comment on Old/New World (Dis)Order
		Even after the revolution, whoever was the French head of state (King, Consul, President, Emperor, whatever) was the temporal co-prince of Andorra.
		It is a sovereign co-principality with a temporal and a spiritual prince.
		I guess Andorra is at least 3/4 weasel, maybe completely.
	www.spleenville.com /~lilith33/blog/mt-comments.cgi?entry_id=1192 (1190 words)

	Joan_Enric_Vives_i_Sicilia
		Joan Enric Vives i Sicília (born July 24, 1949) is the current Bishop of Urgell and thus Co-Prince of Andorra.
		He was officially appointed on May 12, 2003, replacing Joan Martí Alanis.
	www.usedaudiparts.com /search.php?title=Joan_Enric_Vives_i_Sicilia (81 words)

	EMail Msg <9411230205.AA01383@rodin.wustl.edu>
		The co-princes of Andorra were the Bishop of Urgel and the Count of Foix.
		No; it is the President of France, Jaques Mitterand, who is Co-prince of Andorra now with the Bishop of Urgel.
		The county of Foix devolved eventually upon the King of France, so he became Co-prince of Andorra.
	www-ksl.stanford.edu /email-archives/srkb.messages/404.html (545 words)

	Muslims in andorra ask for Bishop help to build mosque
		The Muslim community of Andorra, comprising Moroccans mostly, is projecting to ask for the help of Bishop Loan Marti Alanis, in his capacity as co-prince of Andorra, to build a mosque in this tiny state, nestled on the roof of the Pyrenees mountains, between Spain and France.
		According to Spanish news agency "EFE," the local Imam, Mohamed Raguig, has decided to ask the Spanish bishop to grant the Muslim community a land plot belonging to the church or a space inside the church.
		Muslims in andorra ask for Bishop help to build mosque
	www.arabicnews.com /ansub/Daily/Day/030429/2003042930.html (238 words)

	Andorra Stamp New Issues.
		Tribute to Francois Mitterrand, Co-Prince of Andorra, 1981 - 1995.
		Correos y Telegrafos Espana keep information on new issues of the Spanish administration in Andorra at http://www.correos.es/04/02/0401_a_13.asp.
		10th Anniversary of the National Auditorium of Andorra.
	homepages.ihug.co.nz /~jollian/NIAndorr.html (274 words)

	Slovenia Business Week
		The Madrid-based Slovenian Ambassador to Andorra, Tomaz Lovrencic, handed his credentials to the co-prince of Andorra, French President Jacques Chirac, in Paris on Friday, 4 October.
		Andorra's other co-prince, the Bishop of La Seu d'Urgell Joan Marti Alanis, received Lovrencic's credentials already on 19 September.
		Slovenian Ambassador to Andorra Hands Credentials to Co-Prince Chirac
	www.gzs.si /SBW/head.asp?idc=11579 (54 words)

	PRENSA7EEUU
		The Claverols are something of a photographic dynasty in the region: Valenti's father, José, owned a photography shop in La Seu d'Urgell, in Catalonia- the bishop of Urgell is one of the two "co-prince of Andorra, along with the President of France- and his descendants oversee the family Archives.
		The Claverol's images capture the simple mountain life from the region, from peasants working in the fields to religious processions and meetings of the governing council clad in tricorn hats.
		Valenti Claverol (1902-2000) operated a photograph shop that sold postcards and souvenirs on the square in Andorra La Vella, capital of the small Pyrenean Principality.
	www.arxiu.claverol.ad /PRENSA7EEUU.HTM (112 words)

	A Monarchist's Guide to the World
		Jacques Chirac, President of France and (Co) Prince of Andorra, born November 29, 1932, in office May 17, 1995; Joan Enric Vives Sicilia, Bishop of Urgell and (Co) Prince-Bishop of Andorra, born July 24, 1949, in office May 12, 2003.
		Parliamentary government adopted 1993 but nominal sovereignty is still held by President of France (as successor to the Counts of Foix) and the Bishop of Urgell.
		Prince Albert II, born March 14, 1958, acceded April 6, 2005.
	www.angelfire.com /in3/theodore/monfacts/monguide.html (630 words)

	List of state leaders in 1942
		Bishop of Urgel - Ricardo Fornesa, acting Co-Prince of Andorra (1940-1943)
		French Head of State - Philippe Pétain, Co-Prince of Andorra (1940-1944)
		Monarch - Louis II, Prince of Monaco (1922-1949)
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/L/List-of-state-leaders-in-1942.htm (1516 words)

	Bishop of Urgell -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article
		He is also a (Click link for more info and facts about Co-Prince of Andorra) Co-Prince of Andorra.
		See also: (Click link for more info and facts about List of Co-Princes of Andorra) List of Co-Princes of Andorra
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/b/bi/bishop_of_urgell.htm (124 words)

	Marfany, Enric: Andorra - El Gran Carlemany (Piano with lyrics) Digital sheet music to download and print SheetMusicNow.com
		Marfany, Enric: Andorra - El Gran Carlemany (Piano with lyrics)
		Digital sheet music to download and print
	www.sheetmusicnow.com /title.asp?tid=25868 (32 words)

	Almanach de Gotha
		HE Joan Martí, Bishop of Urgell, (Co) Prince-Bishop of Andorra
		Off-road motor rally from Europe to Dakar, Senegal
		Run at Longchamp in the Bois de Boulogne, Paris
	www.almanachdegotha.com /2002/diary/winter.html (57 words)

	Monarch Information
		'''List of the Princes of MonacoPrince of Monaco'''
		Examples of the second case are several List of monarchs who lost their thrones or abdicated in the 20th centurydeposed monarchs or otherwise pretenderpretenders to thrones of abolished monarchies, ''e.g.'' Leka, Crown Prince of Albania who is styled by some as the "King of Albania".
		Prince Willem-Alexander of the NetherlandsThe Prince of Orange
	www.echostatic.com /Monarch.html (2385 words)

	FRANCIA
		In 1349 Count Humbert II (d.1355), the "Dauphin," simply sold the territory to the grandson of Philip VI, the prince who would later become Charles V. Thus, Charles became the first "Dauphin" of France, and as he was the Crown Prince from 1350-1364, this now became the traditional title of the Heir Apparent of France.
		However, both Tompsett and WW-Person list Stephen Count of Champagne, Meaux, and Troyes (Tompsett twice, as son of both Herbert the Elder and Herbert, Count of Meaux, identified as "Herbert the Younger").
		The only drawbacks are that (1) Thompsett's lists are, indeed, genealogical, which means it is sometimes hard to find unrelated rulers in a succession, and (2) the entries are very summary, without any explanation of may be happening as, for instance, domains are divided among multiple heirs.
	www.friesian.org /francia.htm (14160 words)

	Prince-Bishop - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Spanish Bishop of Urgell, who no longer has any secular rights in Spain, still is one of the two co-princes of Andorra, along with the Head of State (presently President) of France.
		The famous Bishops of Durham were also territorial Prince Bishops, with the extraordinary secular rank of Earl palatine, for it was their duty not only to be head of the large diocese, but also to help protect the Kingdom against the Scottish threat from the north.
		A Prince-Bishop is a bishop who is a territorial prince of the church on account of one or more secular principalities, usually pre-existent nobiliary titles held concurrently with their inherent clerical office.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Prince-Bishop (1117 words)

	Andorra
		It's a law about the use of State symbols (flag, coat of arms, titles and names like the Co-Prince or the General Council).
		I recently visited Andorra and noticed that the State flag and Civil flag are used fairly interchangeably and usually as 1 of 4 flags flown — France, Spain, Andorra and Catalonia [sic].
		As far as I am aware, the flag without the arms is (was?) used in Andorra itself quite more often than the version with arms.
	flagspot.net /flags/ad.html (1703 words)

	Andorran Philatelic Study Circle - Valira Torrent magazine
		His scheme was that the Co-Princes should consent to the granting of a postal monopoly to the General Council of Andorra, and that he would then enter into a contract with the Council as its technical adviser in order to organise the postal service on the Council's behalf.
		On the French side it is argued that, as the French Co-prince becomes holder of this office by virtue of his election to the French Presidency, then the sovereignty extends to the French State which consequently possesses rights in Andorra.
		Weilenmann however, was not to make his exit for a long time yet as the General Council of Andorra, dismayed by the Spanish action and seeing their country deprived forever of the much desired postal revenue, for a number of years attempted by various means to have the stipulations of the Postal Union Convention annulled.
	www.chy-an-piran.demon.co.uk /vt3-1 (2096 words)

	cia-doc.txt
		In addition, the US has diplomatic relations with 13 nations that are not in the UN--Andorra, Federated States of Micronesia, Kiribati, Liechtenstein, Marshall Islands, Monaco, Nauru, San Marino, South Korea, Switzerland, Tonga, Tuvalu, and the Vatican City.
		The US has diplomatic relations with 149 of the 159 UN members--the exceptions are Albania, Angola, Byelorussia (constituent republic of the Soviet Union), Cambodia, Cuba, Iran, Vietnam, People's Democratic Republic of Yemen {Yemen (Aden) or South Yemen}, Ukraine (constituent republic of the Soviet Union) and, obviously, the US itself.
		North Korea is not in the UN and the US does not have diplomatic relations with that nation.
	www.textfiles.com /politics/cia-doc.txt (2311 words)

	List of Andorrans - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Joan Benlloch i Vivó (1864-1926), bishop of Urgell and Catalan co-prince, wrote Andorra's national anthem.
		Ricard Fiter Vilajoana, writer, lawyer, Ombudsman of Andorra from 1998 to 2004.
		Marc Forné Molné, Head of Government of Andorra from 1994 to 2005.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/List_of_Andorrans (331 words)

	Background Notes Archive - Europe
		As co-princes of Andorra, the President of France and the Bishop of Seo de Urgel maintain supreme authority in approval of all international treaties with France and Spain, as well as all those which deal with internal security, defense, Andorran territory, diplomatic representation, and judicial or penal cooperation.
		Civil cases are first heard by the batlles court--a group of four judges, two chosen by each co-prince.
		Andorra is a full member of the United Nations (UN), United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), Customs Cooperation Council (CCC), Telecommunications International Union, Universal Copyright Convention, Meteorological Organization Convention, the 1941 Automotive Convention, International Red Cross, European Council, FUTFI SAT, and the World Tourism Organization.
	dosfan.lib.uic.edu /ERC/bgnotes/eur/andorra9512.html (2639 words)

	Andorran Philatelic Study Circle - Valira Torrent magazine
		The mitre and crosier on the arms is self-explanatory as one Co-prince of Andorra is the Bishop of Urgel.
		It shows the General wearing a medallion of the Coat of Arms close up on the 50c value, and in small scale on the 90c value, and where they are together with the central gutter, the strip shows the arms in greater detail, but is not a copy of the actual medallion.
		In France, Coats of Arms are protected by law and it is illegal to use the Arms of others, however anyone is free to assume arms providing they are not already in use.
	www.chy-an-piran.demon.co.uk /vt5-1 (2639 words)

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