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Topic: Coagulase

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	Coagulase - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Coagulase is an adhesin (EC 3.4.23.48) produced by Staphylococcus aureus to localize an area of residence that converts fibrinogen to fibrin.
		Coagulase is not an enzyme, despite its ending ("-ase").
		Some coagulase is tightly bound to the surface of the bacteria S. aureus and coats its surface with fibrin upon contact with blood.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Coagulase (199 words)

	BD - Diagnostic Systems: Coagulase Plasma
		Coagulase binds plasma fibrinogen, causing the organisms to agglutinate or plasma to clot.
		Coagulase Plasma, Rabbit is lyophilized rabbit plasma with 0.85% sodium citrate and 0.85% sodium chloride, approximately.
		Coagulase Plasma, Rabbit with EDTA is lyophilized rabbit plasma with 0.15% EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) and 0.85% sodium chloride, approximately.
	www.bd.com /ds/productCenter/240826.asp (820 words)

	Medmicro Chapter 12
		Coagulase is a marker for S aureus but there is no direct evidence that it is a virulence factor.
		Coagulase is a traditional marker for identifying S aureus in the clinical microbiology laboratory.
		As with coagulase there is no evidence that staphylokinase is a virulence factor, although it seems reasonable to imagine that localized fibrinolysis might aid in bacterial spreading.
	www.gsbs.utmb.edu /microbook/ch012.htm (4795 words)

	DNA fingerprinting analysis of coagulase negative staphylococci implicated in catheter related bloodstream infections ...
		DNA fingerprinting analysis of coagulase negative staphylococci implicated in catheter related bloodstream infections -- Dobbins et al.
		coagulase negative staphylococci to 29% (16 of 55 cases).
		Outbreak of coagulase negative staphylococcus highly resistant to ciprofloxacin in a leukaemia unit.
	jcp.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/55/11/824 (2820 words)

	COAGULASE TEST (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Like the mannitol salts agar, the coagulase test is another method for differienting between pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains of Staphylococcus.
		Bacteria that produce coagulase use it as a defense mechanism by clotting the areas of plasma around them, thereby enabling themselves to resist phagocytosis by the host's immune system.
		The sample in question is usually inoculated onto 0.5 ml of rabbit plasma and incubated at 37 degrees celsius for one to four hours.
	medic.med.uth.tmc.edu /path/coag.htm (90 words)

	Coagulase Test (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Two types of coagulase tests can be performed: the tube for free coagulase, and the slide test for bound coagulase or clumping factor.
		However, all negative slide coagulase tests must be repeated by the coagulase tube method to avoid missing Staphylococcus aureus strains only producing bound coagulase and not free coagulase.
		Free coagulase (an extracellular protein enzyme) causes the formation of a clot when Staphylococcus aureus colonies are incubated with plasma from an animal species.
	dentistry.ouhsc.edu /intranet-web/Courses/DMI_8351/Coagulase.html (367 words)

	SAARS: Staphylococcus spp. (microbiology)
		In terms of clinical relevance, the staphylococci are conveniently divided into two groups: those which produce a positive coagulase test within 24 hours (coagulase-positive staphylococci, commonly identified and reported as Staphylococcus aureus) and those which do not (coagulase-negative staphylococci, commonly identified and reported as coagulase-negative Staphylococcus sp., or CNS).
		It is possible to perform a rapid slide clumping test which has a good correlation with the coagulation test, but the slide test detects the presence of an enzyme distinct from that detected in the coagulase test.
		aureus may give a false negative coagulase test, but unless the organism has been recovered from a high-quality specimen it may be unnecessary to perform further identification testing, and the organism can be reported as CNS, with or without susceptibility testing, depending upon the circumstances of its isolation.
	www.members.tripod.com /piece_de_resistance/SAARS/bugs/mstaph.htm (331 words)

	Coagulase Test
		Since there are 2 kinds of coagulase enzyme—bound and free---there are 2 different tests that can be used to identify these enzymes.
		Inoculate a tube with a ½ ml of rabbit plasma with the bacterial inoculum.
		The presence of the coagulase enzyme is an indicator of:
	www.rlc.dcccd.edu /mathSci/reynolds/MICRO/lab_manual/coagulase.html (340 words)

	University of Wisconsin - Madison, Veterinary Mycology
		You will see frequent reference to "coagulase positive Staph." in laboratory reports because of the strong association between coagulase production by the organisms and their virulence.
		In the coagulase test, a pure culture of bacteria is inoculated into a small amount of human or rabbit plasma.
		Coagulase positive Staphylococcus produce an extracellular enzyme, (coagulase), which, when mixed with plasma on a slide, triggers the clotting mechanism and causes the plasma to clot.
	www.vetmed.wisc.edu /pbs/courses/bact/labmanual/c1coagulase.html (112 words)

	StaphTex Kit
		Coagulase can be either bound (clumping factor) to the staphylococci or released as a free enzyme.
		Coagulase converts fibrinogen to form a clot when plasma protein is added to coagulase-positive S.
		When coagulase and/or protein A is provided by the culture specimen at detectable levels they will interact with the sensitized particles to produce visible agglutination/clumping, indicating a positive test for S.
	www.hardydiagnostics.com /catalog/hugo/StaphTexKit.htm (1985 words)

	[No title]
		The appearance of a gram stained smear is usually sufficient to distinguish staphylococci from the streptococci because of the characteristic cell grouping (grape-like clusters) of staphylococci.
		Coagulase Test Coagulase is an exoenzyme that causes fibrin of blood plasma to clot.
		Therefore, all negative slide coagulase must be followed by a tube test, which will detect both bound and free coagulase.
	www.austincc.edu /kotrla/microlab3staphsu2005.doc (944 words)

	BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF STAPHYLOCOCCI FROM RABBITS
		Coagulase activities of rabbit strains of staphylococci were tested using sterile human, rabbit and goat plasmas.
		The coagulase activities of the 108 staphylococci isolated from the clinically healthy rabbits are shown in Table 1.
		Rabbit strains of staphylococci appear to produce both ‘free’ and ‘bound’ coagulase as observed from the results of slide and tube coagulase tests using human plasma, though slide coagulase test is generally regarded as less sensitive than tube coagulase.
	www.isrvma.org /article/56_2_2.htm (1607 words)

	Staphylococcus aureus
		Coagulase is an extracellular protein which binds to prothrombin in the host to form a complex called staphylothrombin.
		Partly the confusion results from the fact that a small amount of coagulase is tightly bound on the bacterial cell surface where it can react with prothrombin leading to fibrin clotting.
		As with coagulase, there is no strong evidence that staphylokinase is a virulence factor, although it seems reasonable to imagine that localized fibrinolysis might aid in bacterial spreading.
	textbookofbacteriology.net /staph.html (3319 words)

	Antibiotic Resistance in Coagulase Negative Staphylococci Isolated in the Clinical Laboratory of Balcaly Hospital (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		In the past, coagulase negative staphylococci (CNS) were considered either to be harmless saprophytes or to be only very rarely involved in disease.
		In this study, specimens taken from hospitalized patients and outpatients were investigated for the presence of coagulase negative staphylococci (CNS).
		Emergence of vancomycin resistance in coagulase negative staphylococci isolated from clinical specimens.
	ams.cu.edu.tr /January1998Vol7No1/resistance.htm (2695 words)

	[No title]
		The Coagulase Test is used to differentiate Staphylococcus aureus from other species of this genus.
		Bound coagulase is an enzyme in the cell wall of Staphylococcus aureus.
		The Tube Coagulase Test detects free coagulase which is an enzyme excreted outside the cell wall by the bacteria.
	www.clevelandchiropractic.edu /ClassFiles-LA/Microbiology/staph.htm (395 words)

	Study of Staphylococcus aureus Pathogenic Genes by Transfer and Expression in the Less Virulent Organism Streptococcus ...
		Determination of coagulase titers is indicated by the highest twofold dilution of the culture supernatants triggering coagulation of rabbit plasma after 24 h of incubation at 37°C. Coagulase activity was expressed as a function of bacterial densities in the cultures by dividing the measured coagulation titer by the number of CFU (10
		Role of Staphylococcus aureus coagulase and clumping factor in the pathogenesis of experimental endocarditis.
		Role of coagulase in a murine model of hematogenous pulmonary infection induced by intravenous injection of Staphylococcus aureus enmeshed in agar beads.
	iai.asm.org /cgi/content/full/69/2/657 (4610 words)

	Cytotoxic Activity of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci in Bovine Mastitis -- Zhang and Maddox 68 (3): 1102 -- Infection ...
		Jorun, J. Classification of coagulase negative staphylococci isolated from bovine clinical and subclinical mastitis.
		Coagulase negative staphylococci isolated from the milk of cows with subclinical mastitis.
		Coagulase negative staphylococcus species intramammary infections in heifers and cows during the nonlacting and perpartum periods, p.
	iai.asm.org /cgi/content/full/68/3/1102 (4003 words)

	Coagulase Negative Staphylococcal Sepsis With Upper Extremity Gangrene And Shock In A Premature Infant (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Coagulase Negative Staphylococcal Sepsis With Upper Extremity Gangrene And Shock In A Premature Infant
		Although CONS are the most common cause of nosocomial infection in premature infants, septic gangrene from a PIV is an unusual complication that we have not found described previously.
		Septicemia with coagulase negative staphylococci in a neonatal intensive care unit.
	www.ispub.com /ostia/index.php?xmlFilePath=journals/ijpn/vol5n1/gangrene.xml (1504 words)

	BSCI 424 Coagulase Test (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		The coagulase test is used to differentiate the potentially pathogenic species Staphylococcus aureus from the usually non-pathogenic species Staphylococcus epidermidis.
		The presence of coagulase results in the formation of a clot in a tube of citrated platelet-rich plasma (~ >150 x 10
		Examine the tube at 30 minute to hourly intervals for the first couple of hours for the presence of a clot by tipping the tube gently on its side.
	www.life.umd.edu /classroom/bsci424/LabMaterialsMethods/CoagulaseTest.htm (202 words)

	FDA/CFSAN BAM - Staphylococcus aureus
		A consensus of peers has established that a 4+ coagulase reaction is necessary for unquestioned identification of S.
		This test is claimed to be as specific as the coagulase test but less subjective, because it involves a color change from blue to bright pink.
		It is not a substitute for the coagulase test but rather is a supportive test, particularly for 2+ coagulase reactions.
	www.cfsan.fda.gov /~ebam/bam-12.html (1604 words)

	AUTHORIZED STAPH ONLY
		The catalase test is important in distinguishing streptococci (catalase-negative) from staphylococci, which are vigorous catalase-producers.
		The test is performed by adding 3% hydrogen peroxide to a colony on an agar plate or slant.
		However, there is no overwhelming evidence that it is a virulence factor, although it is reasonable to speculate that the bacteria could protect themselves from phagocytic and immune defenses by causing localized clotting.
	www.columbia.edu /cu/biology/courses/g4158/presentations/Staphyloccus_files/slide0002.htm (188 words)

	DM Lab 13
		Non-pathogenic strains of staphylococci usually produce white or grayish colonies and are coagulase negative.
		The Coagulase test is the most reliable indicator of pathogenic, toxin-producing strains of Staphylococcus, i.e., for Staphylococcus aureus.
		Coagulase in turn reacts with fibrinogen forming fibrin to produce the clotting of plasma.
	www.medschool.lsuhsc.edu /microbiology/DMIP/dmex16.htm (1169 words)

	Identification of slide coagulase positive, tube coagulase negative Staphylococcus aureus by 16S ribosomal RNA gene ...
		Identification of slide coagulase positive, tube coagulase negative Staphylococcus aureus by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing -- Woo et al.
		Identification of slide coagulase positive, tube coagulase negative Staphylococcus aureus by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing
		Coagulase deficiency in clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus involves both transcriptional and post-transcriptional defects.
	mp.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/54/4/244 (2720 words)

	Microbiology 51 Virtual Laboratory : caseB (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Question 6 You conclude that the suspect is _____ A.
		Organisms that produce the enzyme coagulase, initiate the clotting process in the rabbit plasma, resulting in the bacteria aggregating into visible clumps.
		An organism that does not produce the enzyme coagulase can be readily suspended in the drop of rabbit plasma, resulting in a milky, homogeneous suspension on the slide.
	www.med.unc.edu /~rtwarog/caseB/B_Q6_c.html (76 words)

	Adherence of Staphylococcus aureus Is Enhanced by an Endogenous Secreted Protein with Broad Binding Activity -- Palma ...
		Coagulase has been shown to be a virulence factor in pulmonary
		Coagulase has been reported to bind to both Fg and Pt.
		Different amounts of Eap (closed squares), coagulase (open squares), and Clf (closed circles) were absorbed onto separate spots on a nitrocellulose membrane.
	jb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/181/9/2840 (4766 words)

	Effects of short interfering RNA against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus coagulase in vitro and in vivo -- ...
		Effects of short interfering RNA against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus coagulase in vitro and in vivo -- Yanagihara et al.
		We investigated the efficacy of siRNA on the expression of coagulase
		Please note that abstracts for content published before 1996 were created through digital scanning and may therefore not exactly replicate the text of the original print issues.
	jac.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/abstract/57/1/122 (402 words)

	Expression of Plasma Coagulase among Pathogenic Candida Species -- Rodrigues et al. 41 (12): 5792 -- Journal of ...
		Expression of Plasma Coagulase among Pathogenic Candida Species -- Rodrigues et al.
		Coagulase production was assessed by the presence of a clot
		to enzymes such as plasma coagulase (14, 15) and invariably
	jcm.asm.org /cgi/content/full/41/12/5792 (902 words)

	Molecular determination of carriage of the mecA locus in coagulase negative staphylococci in screening swabs from ...
		Molecular determination of carriage of the mecA locus in coagulase negative staphylococci in screening swabs from patients in an intensive care unit -- Moore et al.
		Molecular determination of carriage of the mecA locus in coagulase negative staphylococci in screening swabs from patients in an intensive care unit
		Figure 1 Gel electrophoresis of amplicons resulting from polymerase chain reaction amplification of DNA extracted from salt meat broth containing multiple sets of screening swabs from patients in the intensive care unit.
	mp.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/56/1/63 (881 words)

	Identification and antibiotic susceptibility of coagulase negative staphylococci isolated in corneal/external ...
		Identification and antibiotic susceptibility of coagulase negative staphylococci isolated in corneal/external infections -- Pinna et al.
		Identification and antibiotic susceptibility of coagulase negative staphylococci isolated in corneal/external infections
		absence of coagulase, an enzyme that clots plasma, divides the
	bjo.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/83/7/771 (1695 words)

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