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Topic: Coastal states

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	States in India,India State Guide,Traveling in India,States of India,Indian States Guide
		Most Travel States: Rajasthan, Kerala, Himachal Pradesh, Goa
		States in Himalayan Region: Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttranchal
		India is an old, ancient land crowded with the history of its vibrant people.
	www.indiantravelportal.com /states (168 words)

	US Coastal states - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		States that have an Ocean/Gulf of Mexico coastline are shown in red, and states that have a Great Lake coastline are shown in pink.
		The US Coastal states are states in the United States that have a coastline.
		As of July 2004, the estimated population of states that are always considered coastal states was 171,891,161.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Coastal_states (186 words)

	CRS Ocean & Coastal Resources Briefing Book
		States have submitted their programs, which must be implemented through authorities contained in both the CWA and CZMA, and be approved by both the EPA and NOAA.
		States that are making satisfactory progress in implementing their plans under Â§306 are eligible for these grants.
		Coastal state interests had been concerned that their input into the federal OCS leasing process was inadequately considered and that amending the CZMA to require a lease sale to be "consistent" with a state's CZM plan would assure protection of their interests.
	www.cnie.org /nle/crsreports/briefingbooks/oceans/q.cfm (1692 words)

	COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT ACT: Summary from Federal Wildlife Laws Handbook
		Coastal zone: coastal waters and adjacent shorelands in proximity to the shorelines of the coastal states.
		When any state coastal zone management program submitted for approval includes requirements to the shoreland which would also be subject to a federal land use program, the Secretary shall obtain the concurrence of the Secretary of the Interior prior to approval.
		The Secretary may make grants to a coastal state to acquire lands and waters to ensure the long-term administration of an area as a national estuarine reserve, to operate a reserve and construct facilities, and to conduct research and education activities.
	ipl.unm.edu /cwl/fedbook/czma.html (1904 words)

	Land: Coastal Legislation
		As incentives to coastal states and territories to develop coastal management plans, the act allows states to receive federal grants under the program once coastal management plans are approved.
		(Coastal barriers are beaches, dunes, wetlands, and barrier islands.) For example, in order to protect these environmentally fragile areas, the law prohibits undeveloped lands in the barrier system from receiving federal flood insurance for new development.
		The Coastal Coordination Act of 1977, amended in 1989, 1991, 1995, and 1997, directed the GLO to coordinate with other state agencies on the development of a long-term plan for the management of activities affecting coastal resources.
	www.texasep.org /html/lnd/lnd_7bch_legis.html (386 words)

	Coastal States Organization
		The Coastal States Organization (CSO) was established in 1970 to represent the Governors of the nation’s thirty-five coastal states, commonwealths and territories on legislative and policy issues relating to the sound management of coastal, Great Lakes and ocean resources.
		We have science-based, adaptive coastal and ocean management and increased support for coastal and ocean research, monitoring, observations and assessment that is relevant and accessible to federal, state and local decision-makers and the public.
		CSO is recognized as the trusted representative of the collective interests of the coastal states; a vital participant on Congressional and national deliberations affecting coastal and ocean legislation and policy; and, a reliable source of information for the states and other partners.
	www.coastalstates.org /pages/about.html (876 words)

	NGDC/WDC MGG, Boulder-Coastal relief model development
		Population growth in the US has been fastest in the coastal states where many of the country's largest cities and most popular recreational beaches are located.
		These environmental pressures are prompting federal, state and local government agencies to be increasingly pro-active in sustaining the robust and attractive environment of the US coastal zone-- defined here as extending from the coastal states out to the country's 200-mile offshore limit.
		Coastal planners are using these systems to map out future land development, mitigate pollution, prepare for emergencies due to natural hazards, monitor environmental change within the coastal zone over time, and assess offshore resources.
	www.ngdc.noaa.gov /mgg/coastal/model.html (3428 words)

	Coastal Zone Management Act
		The CZMA encourages states to preserve, protect, develop, and, where possible, restore or enhance valuable natural coastal resources such as wetlands, floodplains, estuaries, beaches, dunes, barrier islands, and coral reefs, as well as the fish and wildlife using those habitats.
		Each federal agency activity within or outside the coastal zone that affects any land or water use or natural resource of the coastal zone shall be carried out in a manner which is consistent to the maximum extent practicable with the enforceable policies of approved state management programs.
		The states were required to prepare a Coastal Nonpoint Pollution Control Program and submit it for approval to the Secretary of Commerce and the Administrator of EPA not later than 30 months after EPA published the final guidance.
	www.eh.doe.gov /oepa/laws/czma.html (1477 words)

	Virginia DEQ - Virginia CZM Program - National coastal news
		Scientists from the National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science presented preliminary results from a study that is examining the relationship between land use, environmental factors, and levels of public health pathogens and fecal-pollution indicator organisms in water and oysters.
		The National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science developed and is using a novel automated registration process to improve spatial accuracy of NOAA remote images for coastal ocean assessments of the southeastern United States.
		While the coastal areas of the five states bordering the Pacific Ocean and US territories in the Caribbean face the greatest tsunami hazard, reliable and comprehensive assessments of the potential impacts on people and infrastructure have not been completed for many of these areas.
	www.deq.state.va.us /coastal/national.html (5622 words)

	Coastal
		Coastal's business, directly and through its various subsidiaries and divisions, includes petroleum refining, marketing and distribution, natural gas transmission and storage, and oil and gas exploration and production.
		Coastal trades in the futures markets primarily to hedge the value of its positions in raw materials and refined products.
		During the relevant period, Soule worked in Coastal's Houston office and was one of two persons responsible for placing orders to the floor of the NYMEX for Coastal's trading activity.
	www.cftc.gov /enf/98orders/enfcoastal.htm (1585 words)

	Legal provision for integrated coastal zone management
		International law on the use of the coastal zone and its integrated management should, on the one hand, take into account the corresponding national law of sovereign states, which have the coastal zones under their jurisdiction, and on the other hand, the national law of these states should follow the norms of international law.
		State ownership of the coast and coastal basin is a characteristic feature of many countries, but the exact size and delimitation of these zones differs from country to country.
		The Coastal Protection Act is aimed at prevention of coastal erosion and is implemented by the Danish Coastal Authority under the supervision of the Ministry of Transport.
	www.unesco.org /csi/act/russia/legalpro5.htm (7098 words)

	Testimony of the Coastal States Organization, Inc (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		State coastal zone management, water quality, and fisheries and wildlife programs are, in many cases, taking the lead making substantial progress in reversing the degradation that occurred throughout the coast during the first two-hundred years of our nation
		In some states, such as Rhode Island, the estuaries designated for inclusion in the NEP are the dominant geographic and natural resource feature of the state; while, in other states, designated NEP estuaries are only a small part of the state.
		States will not cede their authority over budgeting to the management conferences whose members are selected by EPA and who are not accountable to the state.
	www.house.gov /transportation/water/hearing/07-13-99/macdonald.html (1780 words)

	Coastal Conservation Programs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		National Coastal Wetlands Conservation Grants are awarded each year to coastal States for the acquisition, restoration, or enhancement of coastal wetland ecosystems.
		In the Coastal Barriers Resources System Federal subsidies are limited to discourage development of fragile ecosystems to save Federal funds, protect human lives and conserve valuable coastal resources.
		Coastal ecosystems are dynamic, diverse areas of enormous ecological significance.
	ecos.fws.gov /coastal/viewContent.do?viewPage=portal (277 words)

	Coastal Wetlands Protection Act
		The Coastal Wetlands, which are located on coast or adjacent to estuaries, near tidal reaches of rivers, are the largest area of wetlands in area extending the entire length of the coastline.
		Coastal wetlands are also a stopover, feeding, and breeding area for migratory waterfowl, including snow geese, Canada geese, and whooping cranes, in addition to providing habitat for non-migratory wildlife such as the mottled duck.
		Coastal Wetlands Protection Act is a part of the Section 305 of the Coastal Wetlands Planning, Protection and Restoration Act (Title III, P. 101-646) that authorizes the Director of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to grant funds to coastal states to carry out coastal wetlands conservation projects.
	web.syr.edu /~lgkaya/papers/Coastal_Wetlands_Protection_Act.htm (4105 words)

	Virginia DEQ - Virginia CZM Program - Coastal Needs Assessment and Strategy
		NOAA provides a comprehensive report on the status of coastal management enhancement areas for all states, territories and commonwealths on their website.
		An important aspect of the strategy would be to secure agreements with federal, state, and local agencies and governments to consult Coastal GEMS at key junctures in land use planning and permitting processes to better define and promote “appropriate development” and to incorporate this concept into local comprehensive plans and ordinances.
		Coastal localities are not necessarily prepared to deal with the consequences of the proliferation of these systems (by overseeing maintenance or addressing land use implications).
	www.deq.state.va.us /coastal/assess.html (2006 words)

	CZMA, Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		To increase participation, cooperation, and coordination of the public, federal, state, local, interstate and regional agencies, and governments affecting the coastal zone, and to ensure government activities are in alignment with the CZMA.
		States are encouraged to consider such issues as ocean uses change which potentially affect the coastal zone.
		Another incentive for the states to participate in the CZMP was to include a compliance requirement, this is known as the Federal Consistency requirement of the CZMA.
	www.esr.pdx.edu /pub/ESR622/czmahome.html (2554 words)

	Coastal Zone Management Act
		Federal consistency is the CZMA requirement that federal actions affecting any land or water use, or natural resource of the coastal zone be consistent with the enforceable policies of a coastal state's or territory's federally approved coastal management program.
		If a state with an approved coastal management program determines that an activity in category A is "inconsistent" (not in compliance) with the requirements of its approved program, the federal agency may not proceed with the activity, unless full consistency with the state's program is prohibited by federal law.
		If a state determines that an activity in category B, C or D is inconsistent with the requirements of its approved program, the federal agency may not proceed with the activity or financial award.
	www.dep.state.fl.us /secretary/oip/czma.htm (545 words)

	NOAA Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management : Federal Consistency Overview
		The Coastal Zone Management Act (CZMA) was enacted on October 27, 1972, to encourage coastal states, Great Lake States, and United States territories and commonwealths (collectively referred to as coastal states) to develop comprehensive programs to manage and balance competing uses of and impacts to coastal resources.
		Section 307 of the CZMA (16 USC § 1456), called the federal consistency provision, is a major incentive for states to join the national coastal management program and is a powerful tool that states use to manage coastal uses and resources and to facilitate cooperation and coordination with federal agencies.
		Federal license or permit activities and federal financial assistance activities that have reasonably foreseeable coastal effects must be fully consistent with the enforceable policies of state coastal management programs.
	coastalmanagement.noaa.gov /czm/federal_consistency.html (324 words)

	The Coastal Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program
		States are also given the flexibility to develop comprehensive strategies that balance environmental and economic goals within the state.
		State Coastal Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Programs will be approved by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the federal agency that administers the Coastal Zone Management Act, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the federal agency that administers a separate nonpoint source program under the Clean Water Act.
		States are using this document as the basis for developing their Coastal Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Programs.
	www.mass.gov /czm/npsprog.htm (1796 words)

	Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972
		(1) The term "coastal zone" means the coastal waters (including the lands therein and thereunder) and the adjacent shorelands (including the waters therein and thereunder), strongly influenced by each other and in proximity to the shorelines of the several coastal states, and includes islands, transitional and intertidal areas, salt marshes, wetlands, and beaches.
		Excluded from the coastal zone are lands t he use of which is by law subject solely to the discretion of or which is held in trust by the Federal Government, its officers, or agents.
		Each coastal state shall establish pro cedures for public notice in the case of all such certifications and, to the extent it deems appropriate, procedures for public hearings in connection therewith.
	library.law.unc.edu /ocean-coastal/czma.html (2139 words)

	Coastal States Organization, Inc
		This policy should be supported by an enhanced partnership with the states that builds upon the expertise of states and other local project sponsors in coastal, watershed and basin-wide management.
		Ports are connected by inland waterways and other transportation access to every state.
		C Resources committed by federal, state and local governments to restore and renourish beaches.
	epw.senate.gov /107th/MacDonald_061802.htm (3940 words)

	Coastal States Organization (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Formed in 1970, the Coastal States Organization (CSO) was created to represent state governors in oceanic and coastal affairs.
		CSO helps coastal states develop and implement national coastal policy and resolve national coastal issues without interfering in other state objectives.
		The CSO consists of delegates appointed by the governors of thirty coastal states and five territories.
	www.csc.noaa.gov /cmfp/reference/Coastal_State_Organization.htm (151 words)

	Coastal America Spring '98 Update
		At their last meeting on November 6, 1997, the Principals were briefed on the activities of the Coastal States Organization (CSO) by Mr.
		Discussions are currently underway among the Coastal States Organization (CSO), Coastal America's National Office and the SERIT to develop a demonstration project in North Carolina.
		Coastal America's NERIT provided Bill Hubbard, NERIT chair, who gave a slide presentation on Coastal America's efforts to restore salt marshes and Ed Reiner, EPA, who led a field trip to Belle Isle Salt Marsh.
	www.coastalamerica.gov /text/pubs/newsletters/sp98news.html (1190 words)

	NOAA's National Ocean Service: Population Trends Along the Coastal United States: 1980-2008
		On March 1, 2005, NOAA released Population Trends Along the Coastal United States: 1980-2008 (pdf, 4.6 mb, 54 pp), a report that presents an overview of coastal population trends from 1980 to 2003 and projected change in coastal population by 2008.
		Coastal areas in the U.S. are home to a wealth of natural and economic resources and include some of the most developed areas in the nation.
		The narrow coastal fringe that makes up 17 percent of the nation's contiguous land area is home to more than half of its population.
	www.nos.noaa.gov /programs/mb/supp_cstl_population.html (409 words)

	Handbook of Texas Online:
		In 1955 the firm became the Coastal States Gas Producing Company, engaged in collecting and distributing natural gas from the South Texas oilfields.
		Coastal also acquired the low-sulfur Utah coal operations of Southern Utah Fuel and New England pipelines through Union Petroleum in 1973, and California refining through Pacific Refining in 1976.
		Coastal subsidiaries operated eight refineries, a fleet of tugs, tankers, and barges, and 962 convenience stores in thirty-three states.
	www.tsha.utexas.edu /handbook/online/articles/view/CC/doc5.html (636 words)

	NJDEP - CMP - Federal Consistency
		While many coastal activities are under direct control of the state, actions by federal agencies or actions in federal waters beyond a state's territorial waters, may adversely affect a state's coastal or marine resources or uses.
		Federal Consistency serves as an important tool that provides states the ability to protect their coastal and marine resources and uses by ensuring that federal actions are consistent with the states' coastal policies.
		Federal Consistency addresses federal actions that occur within a state's coastal zone, as well as inland of a state's coastal zone, in the coastal zone of another state, or in federal waters (beyond the limit of the state's territorial waters, as described above).
	www.nj.gov /dep/cmp/czm_federal.html (487 words)

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