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Topic: Coastal water

	Water ecology FAQ
		Coastal wetlands are particularly important because they protect coastal land from flooding and from damage and erosion caused by storms.
		Most water bodies are now severely polluted, because we have been discharging wastewater in it for a very long time, before we realised this was very bad for the water quality.
		Coastal life zones are particularly sensitive to toxic contamination, because they are a dump for pesticides, heavy metals and other pollutants, which will soon accumulate to high levels.
	www.lenntech.com /water-ecology-FAQ.htm (2492 words)

	USAID Environment: Water
		Water shortages and poor water management can lead to loss of biodiversity and agricultural production, increase in malnutrition and disease, reduced economic growth, social instability, and conflict.
		Water resources are not distributed uniformly across the globe — nor are they necessarily located where the largest concentrations of people reside.
		Coastal systems are particularly vulnerable to degradation from land-based activities, climate change, over-fishing, and damage to coral reefs, and they require active intervention to ensure their continued survival.
	www.usaid.gov /our_work/environment/water/index.html (435 words)

	COASTAL WATER QUALITY MONITORING
		Coastal monitoring is important to the success of regulatory programs and informs decision-makers and the public about the health of the marine environment.
		Periodic monitoring of coastal water quality conditions provides water quality program managers with the feedback needed to evaluate whether coastal water quality and marine resources are being protected, and whether clean water programs are working as originally designed.
		Because the marine resources, water quality issues, and monitoring programs are unique to each bioregion, stakeholders within that region are best suited to design and conduct monitoring studies in their bioregions in regard to such factors as choice of the appropriate indicator species and identification of reference sites.
	www.sfei.org /camp/Coastal_Water_Quality_Monitoring_Strategy.htm (4447 words)

	Coastal America Glossary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The area of coastal waters where fresh water from rivers and other upland sources meets with salt water from the ocean.
		Water beneath the earth's surface between saturated soil and rock that supplies wells and springs.
		Diffuse sources of contaminants or pollutants that cannot be attributed to a single discharge point (e.g., agricultural runoff, storm water runoff, deposition from the atmosphere).
	www.coastalamerica.gov /text/pubs/consensus/glossary.html (177 words)

	Water Quality: Coastal Resources and Water Quality
		Coastal waters—estuaries, wetlands, bays and the ocean itself—are critical to the economy and ecology of Texas.
		All told, coastal destinations account for 30 percent of travel in Texas, which translates into some $10 billion per year, at least part of which is based upon healthy bays and estuaries.
		One of the most important water resources is the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, a human-made channel that parallels the coastline from Brownsville to St. Marks, Florida, where it meets up with other inland waterway transportation canals that extend all the way to Maine.
	www.texasep.org /html/wql/wql_5cst.html (641 words)

	Coastal Pure Water Solutions - 619.398.5782 San Diego Based
		Municipalities and industrial facilities are able to use RO permeate as a consistently pure drinking water supply and to transform drinking water to high purity water for industrial use at microelectronics, food and beverage, power, and pharmaceutical facilities.
		Coastal Pure Water Solutions & Process Technologies uses spiral wound membranes - tightly packed filter material sandwiched between mesh spacers and wrapped in a small-diameter tube - to desalt and demineralize process water.
		The membrane's operating conditions are fine-tuned to balance the flux, or the amount of water which passes through the membrane, with the specific rejection rates of contaminants to achieve up to 99.8% salt rejection at low pressures and high flux rates.
	www.coastalpurewatersolutions.com (414 words)

	NOAA Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management : Water Quality
		Nonpoint source pollution is the leading cause of impairment for coastal waters and comes from a variety of sources.
		As the Environmental Protection Agency's 2005 "National Coastal Condition Report" indicates, the overall condition of U.S. coastal waters is fair but 28 percent of coastal waters are not suitable for aquatic life and 22 percent are not suitable for human use (such as fishing or swimming).
		Because almost everything we do in the coastal zone influences water quality, improving and maintaining coastal water quality is intertwined with many other coastal issues, including habitat, community development, and cumulative impacts.
	coastalmanagement.noaa.gov /water_quality.html (656 words)

	Coastal Zone Management Authority & Institute
		The quantity and quality of water entering the coastal zone are critical to the integrity and longevity of the ecosystems upon which we are dependent.
		Considering that the value of the coastal zone is currently threatened by land based sources of pollution, the water quality monitoring programme has become necessary to detect pollutants and departures from acceptable water quality norms.
		To establish the natural chemical, biological and physical characteristics of the water bodies in the coastal zone of Belize, and to inform decision-making and national policies that promotes sustainable development and viable coastal activities in these bodies while protecting their natural integrity.
	www.coastalzonebelize.org /prog01.html (483 words)

	Coastal Water Quality
		Coastal waters are influenced by both oceanic and terrestrial processes.
		The Coastal Water Quality project at the NOAA Coastal Services Center is investigating the complex nature of the impacts of terrestrial land management practices on coastal water quality and the capability of remote sensing to monitor and measure those impacts.
		The Coastal Water Quality project is working with partners to investigate new techniques for using remote sensing to collect water quality data that address some of these problems.
	www.csc.noaa.gov /crs/cwq (251 words)

	Maryland's Coastal Bays Water Quality
		The information is vital for evaluating the progress of management actions aimed at protecting and restoring the Coastal Bays and tributaries, for our efforts to address emerging issues such as Harmful Algae Blooms and to provide guidance for future actions.
		Water quality is degraded in the tributaries and better in the open bays.
		A Water Quality Index was developed to synthesize the status of the four main water quality indicators (chlorophyll a, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and dissolved oxygen) into a single indicator of water quality.
	www.dnr.state.md.us /coastalbays/water_quality/index.html (252 words)

	Coastal: Water Levels on Lake Huron
		Long-term changes in the level of the lake is the difference between the amount of water coming into the lake and the amount going out.
		Excessive plant growth in the water, on the other hand, is not considered a natural phenomenon and is usually indicative of excessive nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorous entering the water from runoff.
		Algae fouling is an obvious example of an ecological imbalance due to excessive nutrients in the water.
	lakehuron.on.ca /coastal/water-levels.asp (561 words)

	NOAA Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management : Nonpoint Pollution
		The Coastal Nonpoint Pollution Control Program was established by Congress in 1990 to encourage better coordination between state coastal zone managers and water quality experts to reduce polluted runoff in the coastal zone.
		Poor water quality is not just a result of what we do to the water but what we do on the land as well.
		Therefore, establishing shared responsibilities for managing coastal water quality between state coastal zone management agencies, who make land use decisions, and water quality agencies, who deal directly with the quality of our coastal waters, is needed.
	coastalmanagement.noaa.gov /nonpoint/welcome.html (504 words)

	ALGAE CONCENTRATION IN COASTAL WATERS
		Coastal wetlands, mangroves, sea grasses, and peat swamps could be considered the lungs of the oceans for their ability to filter pollutants.
		Underlying Definitions and Concepts: The total renewable water resources are defined as the sum of internal renewable water resources and incoming flow originating outside the country, taking into consideration the quantity of flows reserved to upstream and downstream countries through formal or informal agreements or treaties and reduction of flow due to upstream withdrawal.
		Water contaminated with human and animal excreta poses a serious health risk and is therefore unsuitable for potable supply unless it has been suitably treated.
	www.un.org /esa/sustdev/natlinfo/indicators/isdms2001/isd-ms2001environmentalB.htm (5327 words)

	Fast Facts - Coastal Shoreline Buffer Rules
		On Aug. 1, 2000, the state took a significant step to protect coastal water quality by requiring a 30-foot buffer for new development along coastal shorelines.
		At a minimum, the house must be located a distance landward of the normal high water or normal water level equal to 20 percent of the greatest depth of the lot.
		The CRC and Division of Coastal Management sought extensive public comment on the 30-foot buffer rule in summer 1999, conducting 40 public hearings in coastal counties.
	www.nccoastalmanagement.net /Facts/buffer.htm (1190 words)

	WHOI : Coastal Ocean Institute : Water Flowing Underground (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Little attention was paid to submarine groundwater discharge to the coastal ocean because scientists thought it was insignificant compared to the discharge from rivers and other surface waters.
		Unlike surface estuaries, in which water is restricted horizontally by topography—for instance, hills and banks restrict water to channels or streams—groundwater flows throughout Earth’s crust.
		Proper management of coastal water resources—which are becoming overrun by natural and man-made forms of pollution—requires that we learn more about the quantity and quality of these inputs.
	www.whoi.edu /institutes/coi/viewArticle.do?id=2485 (2125 words)

	Coastal Water Habitat Mapping
		The Coastal Water Habitat Mapping (CWHM) Project was an initiative of the Coastal CRC and its partner organisations.
		Together with the Coastal CRC's established capacity in ecosystem health monitoring, science for coastal planning and community engagement, it established benchmarks in shallow water habitat mapping, a field of growing focus in Australia.
		Decision-making for coastal and catchment management requires rapid, cost-effective and broad-scale assessments of human impacts on shallow coastal waters.
	www.coastal.crc.org.au /cwhm/index.html (603 words)

	Coastal Zone Modeling
		Coastal areas continue to face development issues, including the problem of developing and maintaining a sustainable water supply.
		We have become one of the leading firms in the nation in the analysis of coastal zone aquifers, and have developed a specialized suite of modeling tools to examine saltwater interface dynamics and density-dependent ground water flow and transport.
		Ground water remediation modeling to examine the effectiveness and optimal design for ground water pump and treat systems.
	www.mclaneenv.com /sub_services/coastal_zone.htm (409 words)

	Coastal Zone Management Authority & Institute
		Belize's coastal zone is important for the continued economic development of the country as it hosts 45% of the population as well as various productive sectors, including two of the major industries, fisheries and tourism.
		The coastal zone of Belize as descibed in the Coastal Zone Management Act includes the area bounded by the shoreline up to the mean highwater-mark on its landward side and by the outer limit of the territoral sea on its seaward side, including all coastal waters.
		The mission of the Coastal Zone Management Authority and Institute (CZMAI) is to support the allocation, sustainable use and planned development of Belize's coastal resources through increased knowledge and the building of alliances for the benefit of all Belizeans and the global community.
	www.coastalzonebelize.org /about.html (1231 words)

	Monterey Bay - Coastal Water Project
		In the end, desalinated water is both reliable and of the highest quality --meeting or exceeding all federal and state standards.
		California American Water supports the idea that the Coastal Water Project could be publicly owned if a viable and financially capable public entity is available and supported by the community.
		The Coastal Water Project is an environmentally based project intended to significantly reduce the impacts of water diversion from the Carmel Valley Aquifer and to prevent seawater intrusion into the Seaside Basin, which would effectively destroy it as a freshwater resource.
	www.coastalwaterproject.com /inc_faq.asp (1806 words)

	protect water quality
		To have water quality of the highest possible standard, that is monitored to keep it so.
		Full information on the monitoring and quality of water within the coastal zone should be collected and made available so that appropriate action can be taken to protect water quality where necessary.
		Water is a shared resource that is used in many different ways in the Bantry Bay coastal zone.
	www.ucc.ie /research/crc/Charter/pages/protection/protecwater.htm (965 words)

	TPWD:Welcome to Coastal Studies Program
		The Texas Gulf Coastal Plain is a low, flat plain extending more than 360 miles long and 50 to 100 miles wide.
		Being a transition area between the continent and the ocean, the coastal plain is home to a myriad of people, plants wildlife, and fish.
		A large quantity of water, nonetheless, has been diverted to municipal, agricultural and industrial uses as human population increases and economic development rises.
	www.tpwd.state.tx.us /landwater/water/conservation/coastal (219 words)

	Blue Water Safety Tips
		This water is more nutrient rich than most surface water, allowing plankton to build up in these areas.
		Plankton floating in coastal water, stopped by the barrier between coastal and core water, is forced to build up along the edges where these two water masses meet.
		Rips are strips of calm water that run along the top of a temperature break, usually surrounded on either side by rougher water.
	www.nccoastalfishing.com /bluewaterfishingtips.htm (1642 words)

	ScienceMaster - Coastal Water Temperature Guide
		The water temperatures in the NODC Coastal Water Temperature Guide (CWTG) webpage tables are present temperatures and climatological averages based on observations from NOAA/National Ocean Service (NOS) tide stations and NOAA/National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) buoys.
		These average water temperatures were computed from long-period records ranging from several years to several decades depending on how long observations have been taken at a given station.
		Water temperatures vary more along the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of the United States, so for these stations two-week averages are presented from April through October.
	www.sciencemaster.com /life/item/coastal_water.php (198 words)

	NYSDEC Coastal Erosion - Introduction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Certain sections along coastal regions of New York State are subject to an erosion process from actions of adjacent water bodies.
		This coastal erosion process causes extensive damage to publicly and privately owned property and to natural resources as well as endangering human lives.
		The Coastal Erosion Hazard Statute declares that all coastline prone to erosion hazards should be identified.
	www.dec.state.ny.us /website/dcs/coastal (784 words)

	Coastal Valley Water Company (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		We drink it, cook with it, bathe and clean with it, water is truly the substance of life.
		Much of the water in most areas is tainted by aesthetic problems, such as hardness minerals, odors, bad taste, along with other impurities.
		Coastal Valley Water Company can help you obtain a plentiful, safe, environmentally sound and economical supply of water for your home and family.
	www.coastalvalleywater.com (163 words)

	Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority :: Water Quality & Coastal Development - Great Barrier Reef Marine Park ...
		Coastal development along the Queensland coast adjacent to the Great Barrier Reef is increasing.
		Coastal development may lead to the clearing of important wetlands, mangroves and other vegetation in catchment areas making it easier for pollutants to reach the Great Barrier Reef.
		Freshwater and coastal wetlands support a diverse range of life, providing habitat, breeding and nursery areas for birds, mammals, reptiles, amphibians, insects and many fish species, such as barramundi and mangrove jack.
	www.gbrmpa.gov.au /corp_site/key_issues/water_quality (728 words)

	Adelaide Coastal Water Study
		The Adelaide Coastal Waters Study (ACWS) was established early in 2001 by the South Australian Environment Protection Agency—now Environment Protection Authority (EPA).
		This was in response to on-going concerns about the decline in coastal water quality, as well as the loss of more than 4000 hectares of shallow sub tidal seagrass along the metropolitan coast since the late 1940s.
		The objective of the ACWS is to develop knowledge and tools to enable sustainable management of Adelaide's coastal waters by identifying causes of ecosystem modifications and the actions required to halt and reverse the degradation.
	www.environment.sa.gov.au /epa/acws.html (661 words)

	Coastal Water Video (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		In addition, the results were evaluated in terms of maintaining sufficient water levels and flow within the bay system to support the newly created marsh.
		The primary tidal forcing functions for this area were input along the model's gulf boundary and water levels and flow velocities were simulated throughout the mesh.
		Results were evaluated to ensure the designs did not greatly reduce flow, increase (causing potential scour) or decrease (causing potential deposition) water velocities significantly, or cause significant changes to water elevations through the bay system.
	www.coastalengineering.com /coastal_video.htm (222 words)

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